bordern.
/ˈbɔːdə/, U.S. /ˈbɔrdər/ 1. A side, edge, brink, or margin; a limit, or boundary; the part of anything lying along its boundary or outline.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > edge, border, or margin > [noun]
brerdc1000
hemc1200
barmc1340
cantc1375
margina1382
boardc1400
borderc1400
brinkc1420
edgea1450
verge1459
brim1525
rind1530
margent1538
abuttal1545
marge1551
skirt1566
lip1592
skirt1598
limb1704
phylactery1715
rim1745
rand1829
c1400 ( G. Chaucer Treat. Astrolabe (Cambr. Dd.3.53) (1872) i. §4. 4 A lyne, that cometh..down to the nethereste bordure.
c1430 Syr Gener. 4076 With riche stoones in the bourdure.
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 1598 Bigget in bourders of the stretes.
1563 T. Hill Arte Gardening (1593) 14 The borders or edges of beddes.
1570 H. Billingsley tr. Euclid Elements Geom. i. f. 2 The endes, limites, or borders of a lyne, are pointes.
1574 J. Baret Aluearie B 863 The borders & endes of ones heare of his head.
1611 Bible (King James) Exod. xix. 12 That ye goe not vp into the mount, or touch the border of it. View more context for this quotation
a1819 J. Hogg Hawick Commonriding Song ix Down by Teviot's flowery border.
1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps ii. §8. 263 The glacier is..loaded along its borders with the ruins of the mountains.
2.
a. The district lying along the edge of a country or territory, a frontier; plural the marches, the border districts.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > a land or country > part of country or district > [noun] > border district(s)
end-landc1175
marcha1325
bounds1340
coast1377
marcherc1475
border1489
marchland1536
confines1548
front1589
limitrophe1589
commark1612
land-march1614
frontier1676
Border-sidea1700
borderland1813
border-countryc1885
rimland1942
1489 W. Caxton tr. C. de Pisan Bk. Fayttes of Armes i. xii. 31 See..that the frontyers and borders be wel garnysshed.
a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. clxxiii. f. c An host of the men of Mercya. And the Border there aboute.
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 12861 There come..ffro the bowerdurs aboute..Pilours and plodders.
1580 Orig. Jrnls. House of Commons 13 Feb. 2 f. 124v A bill tovchinge the fortitifieng of the borders towarde Scotlande.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ii. 361 Though Heav'n be shut..this place may lye expos'd The utmost border of his Kingdom. View more context for this quotation
1805 R. Southey Madoc i. x. 101 Wolves of war, They kept their border well.
1846 H. H. Wilson Hist. Brit. India 1805–35 II. ii. 80 The Gorkhas ravaged the borders almost in sight of them.
b. The boundary line which separates one country from another, the frontier line. on the border: on or close to this line, on either side; hence, in the border district. on the borders of (Wales): close to, the frontier of (Wales). over the border: across the frontier line.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > a land or country > part of country or district > [noun] > border district(s) > border(s)
frontier1413
limitationa1475
skirt1488
limity1523
rind1530
border1535
ambit1597
verges1680
county line1776
land-board1790
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Josh. xv. B The border northwarde, is from the see coast..and goeth vp vnto Beth Hagla.
1554 D. Lindsay Dialog Experience & Courteour iv. 5904 in Wks. (1931) I Thay sall dwell on the bordour Off Hell.
1665 R. Boyle Occas. Refl. iv. vii. sig. Cc8v Upon the Borders of two Hostile Nations.
a1699 J. Kirkton Hist. J. Welsh (1703) 3 He..Join'd himself to the Thieves on the English Border.
1727 D. Defoe Tour Great Brit. III. ii. 197 I am now on the Borders of Scotland.
1815 Encycl. Brit. III. 588 Berwick-upon-Tweed, is a town on the border of England and Scotland, and a county of itself.
1867 S. W. Baker Nile Tributaries Abyssinia viii. 181 He takes refuge over the border.
1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People ii. §5. 79 Their inhabitants slain or driven over the Scotch border.
c. With various prepositions, e.g. within, in, out of, and in other connections, borders is equivalent to ‘territories, dominions, limits’. (Latin fines.)
ΚΠ
c1425 Wyntoun Cron. viii. x. 131 Wyth-in þe Bordwrys of Ingland.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Exod. xxxiv. 24 Whan I shal..enlarge thy borders.
1552 Abp. J. Hamilton Catech. i. iii. f. 10v I sall gif peace to all ȝour bordouris [L. in finibus vestris].
1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) I. 284/2 He refused to meete vs in ye borders of the kyng.
1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 178 A beggerly beast brought out of barbarous borders.
1611 Bible (King James) Deut. xii. 20 When the Lord thy God shall enlarge thy border [ Coverd. bordes] . View more context for this quotation
1833 H. Martineau Tale of Tyne iii. 60 No man in our borders is rich enough.
1837 J. R. Wreford in J. R. Beard Coll. Hymns 224 Oh! guard our shores from every foe, With peace our borders bless.
3. spec.
a. (English History and Scottish History.) the Border, the Borders: the boundary between England and Scotland; the district adjoining this boundary on both sides; the English and Scottish borderland. (The term appears to have been first established in Scotland, where the English border, being the only one it has, was emphatically the border.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Europe > British Isles > [noun] > border country
threap-land1259
marchc1300
the Border1535
debatable1551
debatable land1587
threap-ground1825
1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) II. 471 Gif thift or reif wes maid vpon the bordour.
c1536 D. Lindsay Compl. 384 Baith throw the heland and the bordour.
1601 Act 43 Eliz. xiii, Pream. To pay..Black-mail unto divers and sundry inhabiting upon or near the Borders.
1663 J. Lamont Diary July (1830) 164 A student of philosophie in St Androws, went away with ane Agnes Allane..to the Border, to be maried at the Half marke church.
1748 Defoe's Tour Great Brit. (ed. 4) IV. 46 Laws relating to the Borders.
1773 A. Grant Let. 17 May in Lett. from Mountains (1806) I. 96 Mr. G—y is a native of the border.
1808 W. Scott Marmion v. xii. 258 Through all the wide Border his steed was the best.
1864 J. H. Burton Scot Abroad I. i. 14 All the way from the border to the Highland line.
1881 J. Russell Haigs of Bemersyde v. 104 Like his neighbour chiefs on the Borders.
b. attributive. Of or pertaining to the Border.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Europe > British Isles > [adjective] > the borders
border1599
1599 King James VI & I Βασιλ. Δωρον in R. Chambers Life James I (1830) I. viii. 232 Any Hieland or Border thieves.
1799 W. Wordsworth Fountain iii Some old border-song or catch.
1805 W. Scott Lay of Last Minstrel i. Introd. 3 The last of all the Bards was he, Who sung of Border chivalry.
1805 W. Scott Lay of Last Minstrel iii. iv. 249 (note) An emphatic Border motto, Thou shall want ere I want.
1869 Buckle's Hist. Civilisation Eng. (new ed.) III. iii. 117 He summoned..the border barons.
1881 J. Russell Haigs of Bemersyde v. 105 With the true old Border instinct, bringing off whatever was transportable on its own four feet.
c. In U.S.: The line or frontier between the occupied and unoccupied parts of the country, the frontier of civilization. Also attributive.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > edge, border, or margin > boundary > [noun] > land-boundary > boundary of civilized part of country
border1827
1827 J. F. Cooper Prairie I. ii. 33 The indirect manner so much in use by the border inhabitants.
1863 W. Phillips Speeches xvii. 372 He put a guard at every Border-ruffian's door.
1863 Times 10 Apr. The Border ruffianism of Kansas.
1870 R. Pumpelly Across Amer. & Asia i. 1 A border bully, armed with revolver, knife, and rifle.
4. A strip of ground in a garden, forming a fringe to the general area, often reserved for flowers; distinguished from beds, or flower-plots formed in the area. Also attributive, as in a hardy border plant, useful border annuals.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > garden > division or part of garden > [noun] > bed or plot > flower-bed > border
borderc1540
bordure1691
wall-border1707
flower-border1712
box edging1718
platband1725
box edge1767
mixed border1868
herbaceous border1881
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 329 [The bourderis about abasshet with leuys].
1590 E. Spenser Muiopotmos 170 He..doth flie, From bed to bed, from one to other border.
1633 G. Herbert Sunday in Temple iv The fruitfull beds & borders In Gods rich garden.
1709 J. Addison Tatler No. 161. ⁋2 A wonderful Profusion of Flowers..without being disposed into regular Borders and Parterres.
1796 C. Marshall Gardening (1813) xx. 409 Annuals, tender sorts, pot & plant out into the borders.
1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. I. at Campanula All the species..are well adapted for decorating flower-borders.
5.
a. A defined edging, of distinct material, colour, shape, pattern, or ornamentation, made or fixed along the margin of anything. (With many specific applications in arts and manufactures.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > edge, border, or margin > [noun] > that which forms the edge or border
lista700
edge1502
borderc1540
verge1573
skirt1576
brim?1610
limb1644
edging1684
bordure1691
bordage1860
bordering1862
rimming1868
skirting1872
c1420 Anturs of Arth. xxx With a bordur aboute alle of brent gold.
1474 W. Caxton tr. Game & Playe of Chesse (1883) iv. i. 158 The bordeur aboute his hyher than the squarenes of the poyntes.
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 1652 The windowes..worthely wroght..The bases & bourdurs all of bright perle.
1611 Bible (King James) Exod. xxv. 25 Thou shalt make vnto it a border of an hand bredth round about. View more context for this quotation
1659 J. Leak tr. I. de Caus New Inventions Water-works 22 There must be also the border PQ Soldered upon the Vessel.
1842 J. Gwilt Encycl. Archit. Gloss. 937 Borders, pieces of wood put round the upper edges of anything, either for use or ornament. Such are the three pieces of wood..which are mitred together round the slab of a chimney.
1854 R. Owen Struct. Skeleton & Teeth in Orr's Circle Sci.: Org. Nature I. 208 The thickened external border..perforated for the lodgment of the teeth, is the ‘alveolar border’.
1887 N.E.D. at Border Mod. This carpet would look better with a border. The newspapers appeared with black borders in sign of mourning.
b. spec. A piece of ornamental work round the edge of a garment, cap, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > ornamental textiles > ornamental trimmings > [noun] > bordering or edging
fasc950
wloc950
hemc1000
hemminga1300
borderc1374
mill1388
purfling1388
orphrey?a1425
wainc1440
millc1450
selvage1481
edge1502
bordering1530
screed1788
German hemming1838
c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. i. i. 6 In þe neþerest[e] hem or bordure of þese cloþes.
a1640 P. Massinger City-Madam (1658) iv. iv. 75 You wore..A Velvet hood, rich borders, & somtimes A dainty Miniver cap.
1836 C. Dickens Pickwick Papers (1837) xii. 116 Up to the very border of her cap.
1855 E. C. Gaskell North & South I. i. 5 Indian shawls. What kind are they? Delhi? with the lovely little borders?
c. The upper edge of a basket.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > basket > [noun] > upper edge of
border1907
1907 T. Okey in Jrnl. Soc. Arts 11 Jan. 190/2 Besides common borders, many other forms, such as plaited, roped, tracked borders, are used [in basket-making].
1960 E. Legg Country Baskets 27 At the top, the side stakes are turned down to form the border..thus completing the basket.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the hair > styles of hair > [noun] > tresses or plaits
tracec1380
plight?1387
tressa1400
plexc1450
braid1530
tuck1532
buoy-rope1546
trammels1589
entrammelling1598
border1601
point1604
pleat?1606
trammelets1654
maze1657
brede1696
queue1724
pigtail?1725
tie1725
cue1731
tuck-up1749
tutulus1753
club1786
tail1799
French twist1850
Grecian plait1851
French plait1871
horse's tail1873
Gretchen braid, plait1890
shimada1910
ponytail1916
French braid1937
cane row1939
dreadlocks1960
French pleat1964
Tom Jones1964
corn row1971
dread1984
club-pigtail-
1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 559 Corne..beareth the graines arranged spikewise, and as if they were plaited and braided like a border of haire.
1656 Disc. Auxiliary Beauty 59 [They] admit not onely borders of forain haire, but full and fair peruques.
1663 S. Pepys Diary 9 May (1971) IV. 130 I did try two or three borders and periwiggs, meaning to wear one.
1865 Art Jrnl. No. 321. 91/2 The old lady's ‘borders’ and ribbons.
7. Botany. The expanded portion at the top of a tubular flower.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > flower or part containing reproductive organs > [noun] > parts of > other parts or portions
aglet1578
under-skin1653
border1861
1861 A. Pratt Flowering Plants & Ferns Great Brit. I. 6 The Primrose, the flat portion of which is called the border.
8. Usually plural. (See quot. 1957.)
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > the theatre or the stage > a theatre > theatrical equipment or accessories > [noun] > scenery > pieces of
side shutter1634
drop1781
flat1795
back-scene1818
border1824
profile1824
act drop1829
set piece1859
profiling1861
profile wing1873
backing1889
profile piece1896
revolve1900
construction1924
wood-wing1933
cutout1949
1824 J. Decastro Mem. 16 It is that [part] of the scenic department from whence the borders of chambers or clouds drop.
1831 J. Boaden in Corresp. Garrick I. p. xlviii A splendid show for his theatre; where a temperate sky always hangs from the borders.
1881 L. Wagner Pantomimes 57 The flymen, whose..business it is to draw up, and lower the scenes and borders.
1957 Oxf. Compan. Theatre (ed. 2) 88/2 Border, a narrow strip of painted cloth, battened at the top edge only, used to mask-in, or hide, the top of the stage as seen from the auditorium.
9. Hydraulic Engineering. (See quot. 1847.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > water > body of water > channel of water > [noun] > navigable waterway > canal > internal perimeter of
border1847
1847 J. Dwyer Princ. & Pract. Hydraul. Engin. 29 The Border of a river, canal, etc. is the sum of the sides and bottom, or it is the perimeter in contact with the water.
10. figurative. A limit, boundary, ‘verge’. (Transferred from place to time and abstract things.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > existence > materiality > immateriality > [noun] > immaterial or incorporeal thing > scope or range of > limit or boundary
border1727
1727 E. Young Universal Passion: Satire V 24 On the borders of threescore.
1747 J. Hervey Medit. (1818) 211 A person who walks on the borders of eternity.
a1783 H. Walpole Mem. George III (1845) I. iv. 52 He affected an impartiality that by turns led him to the borders of insincerity and contradiction.
1866 J. Martineau Ess. Philos. & Theol. 1st Ser. 72 Beyond the rigid border of the science.
Compounds
C1. General attributive. (See also sense 3b.)
border-country n.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > a land or country > part of country or district > [noun] > border district(s)
end-landc1175
marcha1325
bounds1340
coast1377
marcherc1475
border1489
marchland1536
confines1548
front1589
limitrophe1589
commark1612
land-march1614
frontier1676
Border-sidea1700
borderland1813
border-countryc1885
rimland1942
c1885 in Westm. Gaz. (1904) 24 Sept. 3/1 In the gay border-country of youth.
1945 A. B. Jackson Step's Wayside & Woodland Ferns (new. ed.) 76 In the Border country it is known as Dead-man's Hands.
border-flower n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > wild and cultivated plants > [noun] > cultivated or planted > in particular place or receptacle
stove-plant1778
pot plant1824
window plant1831
border-flower1850
bedding-plant1856
bedder1862
bedding-out plant1865
pot-herb1882
1850 G. Glenny Hand-bk. Flower Garden 12 It is only the mass of flowers..that makes it tolerable as a border flower.
border-ground n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition or fact of being interjacent > [noun] > that which is interjacent
meana1400
moyen1483
umpire1605
intermedium1611
intermediate1650
middle1665
between-lier1674
borderland1821
border-ground1871
border-world1878
grey zone1900
twilight zone1909
grey area1935
1871 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues I. 182 A border-ground between philosophy and politics.
border-mark n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > edge, border, or margin > boundary > [noun] > land-boundary > boundary mark
markingOE
boundc1275
marka1325
merea1387
meithc1430
limit1439
doolc1440
prop1450
march1495
landmark1535
mere boundc1600
mere-mark1611
border-mark1613
bound-mark1623
bounder-mark1666
boundary-mark1878
1613 M. Ridley Short Treat. Magneticall Bodies 28 That divideth the North-part..from the South part, as by a border-marke.
border-plant n.
border-stone n.
border-war n.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > war > types of war > [noun] > other types of war
just war1485
private war1548
preventive wara1626
angelomachy1635
Titanomachy1739
mountain warfarec1800
border-war1809
world war1848
theomachy1858
trench warfare1887
electronic warfare1946
asymmetric conflict1975
cyberwar1992
asymmetrical warfare1995
1809 W. Irving Hist. N.Y. II. v. ii. 17 Heart-rending cruelties that disgraced these border wars.
1965 New Statesman 30 Apr. 671/1 Ayub Khan..describes this border war as ‘a useless quarrel’.
border-world n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition or fact of being interjacent > [noun] > that which is interjacent
meana1400
moyen1483
umpire1605
intermedium1611
intermediate1650
middle1665
between-lier1674
borderland1821
border-ground1871
border-world1878
grey zone1900
twilight zone1909
grey area1935
1878 ‘G. Eliot’ College Breakfast Party in Macmillan's Mag. July 179 That border-world Of dozing, ere the sense is fully locked.
C2. Special combinations.
border ballad n. = riding ballad n. at riding n.1 Compounds 3.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > vocal music > types of song > [noun] > ballad
ballad1458
sing-song1609
street ballad1694
balladling1798
song ballad1832
border balladc1863
come-all-ye1892
slowie1939
slow dance1989
c1863 E. Dickinson Poems (1955) II. 569 Better entertain Than could Border Ballad—or Biscayan Hymn.
1941 L. MacNeice Poetry of Yeats iv. 79 The beat and glitter of Housman's verse, partly derived from Heine and the Border ballads.
border-house n. a Border tower, a peel.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > castle or fortified building > [noun] > tower or fortified house > peel
pilelOE
pilea1513
peel house1586
pale1596
peel1726
border-house1792
peel tower1851
watch-peel1882
1792 T. Pennant Tours Scotl. (1790) 90 The castle is no more than a square tower or border-house.
Border Leicester n. a variety of sheep originating from the cross-breeding of Cheviot and Leicester sheep.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > genus Ovus > [noun] > Ovus Aries (domestic sheep) > specific breeds or members of
mug1596
down1721
Shropshire1768
Norfolk sheep1778
Ryeland1786
Southdown1786
Persian1794
Leicester1798
Southdowner1799
Ryeland1802
loaghtan1812
Manx loaghtan1812
herdwick1837
Wallachian1837
Norfolk1851
Teeswater1861
bluefaced Leicester1864
Rough Fell1871
Border Leicester1873
Mexican1878
Cheviot1883
fat-tail1888
pampas1892
pampas sheep1895
turbary1908
karakul1913
East Friesian1949
Texel1949
Norfolk Horn1961
Colbred1962
1873 Country Gentleman's Mag. 10 206/1 The distinguishing features of the Yorkshire and Border Leicesters, though sprung from the same source, have diverged.
1874 W. C. Spooner Hist. of Sheep (ed. 3) i. 70 The sheep which prevail mostly in the lowlands of Scotland and the good land of the Border Counties are called the Border Leicesters.
border-man n. one who dwells on the border of a country, = borderer n.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > inhabitant according to environment > [noun] > border dweller
marchman?a1380
marcher1384
bounder1542
borderera1552
border-man1620
1620 W. Scot Apol. Narr. (1846) 82 The wyld bordermen stood in..awe of the Presbyteries excommunication.
1827 J. F. Cooper Prairie I. ii. 29 A border man..is seldom deficient in the virtue of hospitality.
1865 G. Grote Plato I. xix. 557 The border-men between philosophy and politics.
border marriage n. see marriage n.
Categories »
border-pile n. Hydraulic Engineering an exterior pile of a coffer-dam.
Border-pricker n. a mounted freebooter or ‘thief’ living on the Border of England and Scotland.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > thief > robber > brigand > [noun] > in Scotland
shavaldourc1380
moss-trooper1645
Tory1651
Border-pricker1820
border-rider1820
1820 W. Scott Monastery II. iii. 110 With two Border-prickers as they are called, for my guides.
border-rider n.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > thief > robber > brigand > [noun] > in Scotland
shavaldourc1380
moss-trooper1645
Tory1651
Border-pricker1820
border-rider1820
1820 W. Scott Abbot I. ii. 33 I have no home..it was burnt by your Border-riders.
border ruffian n. U.S. (see sense 3c and quots.).
ΚΠ
1856 Congress. Globe 5 Mar. 585/3 The Missouri ‘border ruffians’, as they have been termed.
1857 J. Taylor in Jrnl. Disc. 5 116 A great majority of the people of the West, on the borders, may be emphatically termed ‘Border ruffians’. The Eastern people call them by that name.
1864 Congress. Globe June 3234/2 We in Kansas have carried on a war for years against Indians, against border ruffians and against rebels.
border-ruffianism n. (cf. sense 3c).
ΚΠ
1870 Congress. Globe Apr. 2391/1 While Senators were denying the existence of border-ruffianism in Kansas, border ruffians were laying waste and murdering people.
1872 E. Eggleston Hoosier School-master vi. 71 It is out of these materials that border ruffianism has grown.
border-service n. military service in defending a frontier.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military service > [noun] > type or manner of service > on border
border-service1707
1707 Addr. from Cumberland in London Gaz. No. 4334/2 There is, now..no Black Mail to be paid..no Border-Service.
Border-side n. the district about the Border (cf. countryside n. 1a).
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > a land or country > part of country or district > [noun] > border district(s)
end-landc1175
marcha1325
bounds1340
coast1377
marcherc1475
border1489
marchland1536
confines1548
front1589
limitrophe1589
commark1612
land-march1614
frontier1676
Border-sidea1700
borderland1813
border-countryc1885
rimland1942
a1700 Ballad ‘Johnie Armstrang’ xiv Lang mayst thou dwell on the Border-Syde.
1805 W. Scott Lay of Last Minstrel iv. xxi. 112 And burn and spoil the Border-side.
border states n. U.S. (a) the Southern states bordering on the Northern; (b) the Northern states bordering on Canada.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > named regions of earth > America > North America > [noun] > United States > states with specific qualities
border states1842
Sunshine State1887
Equality State1891
Mountain State1891
Wheat State1911
1842 J. Sturge Visit to U.S. in 1841 166 Many planters, with their slaves, have emigrated thither [sc. to Texas] to escape their creditors from the border States.
1849 Niles' Reg. 14 Feb. 97/3 The border States of the South.
1860 Congress. Globe 19 Dec. 139/3 It is an intimidation to the border States, alluding especially, I suppose, to Virginia, Maryland, Kentucky, and Missouri. They constitute the first tier of the border slave States.
1863 ‘G. Hamilton’ Gala-Days 92 For these Border State men..I have found a profound contempt.
1888 A. C. Gunter Mr. Potter viii Miss Potter still keeps her Border-State accent and her Border-State manners.
1904 Courier-Jrnl. (Louisville, Kentucky) 12 July 4 The Free Silver Fetish..drove us to close quarters in the Border States.
1916 U.S. Weather Bureau Aug. 3
border-stone n. (a) a stone marking a boundary; (b) a curbstone.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > indication > marking > [noun] > boundary stone
merestoneOE
border-stone1850
navel-stone1850
1850 E. B. Browning Poems (new ed.) II. 18 The grey border-stone that is wist To dilate and assume a wild shape in the mist.
Border terrier n. a small rough-haired terrier originating in the Cheviot Hills.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > terrier > [noun] > other types of
Irish terrier1798
Dandie Dinmont1851
Welsh terrier1857
Bedlington1867
Jack Russell1878
Airedale1880
Clydesdale1887
Border terrier1894
Manchester terrier1894
Sealyham1894
schnauzer1899
pinscher1906
Cairn terrier1910
Kerry blue terrier1922
Lakeland terrier1928
wheaten1943
Sydney silky1945
Manchester1971
Norfolk1971
wire1975
1894 R. B. Lee Hist. & Descr. Mod. Dogs: Terriers i. 21 The ‘Border terriers’..have been for a long time indigenous to the Border counties, and..so far south as Westmorland, Lancashire, and Yorkshire.
1928 F. T. Barton Kennel Encycl. 51 Border terriers are very hardy and the puppies easy to rear as a rule.
Border-warden n. Warden of the Marches (of England and Scotland).
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > governor of province, dependency, or colony > local or district governor > [noun] > governor of border regions
marchionc1390
march captain1537
Border-warden1820
1820 W. Scott Monastery III. ix. 228 A Border-warden, he will be eager to ride in Scotland.
Border-warrant n. a writ issued on one side of the Scottish Border for the apprehension of a person on the other side.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > process, writ, warrant, or order > [noun] > writ > writs ordering arrest
writ of attachment1431
pluries capias1444
attachment?1448
pluries1465
capias1467
reattachment1528
manucaption1588
general warrant1657
ca. sa.1796
Border-warrant1816
1816 W. Scott Antiquary III. x. 213 There's Border-warrants too in the south country, unco rash uncanny things.
Draft additions March 2012
Border collie n. a breed of medium-sized dog developed in the Border region for herding livestock, variable in appearance but commonly having a medium-length black and white coat, and often used as a sheep dog; (also) a dog of this breed.The name was officially recognized by the International Sheepdog Society in the United Kingdom in 1915, though it is recorded slightly earlier.
ΚΠ
1912 Iowa Year Bk. Agric. 1911 xi. 551 James Scott, Thorniehill, Ancrim, Roxburyshire, Scotland, and William Robertson, Balakin, Pirn Mill, Arren [sic], brought over six Border Collies.
1938 J. H. McCulloch Sheep Dogs ii. 11 The most striking characteristic of the Border Collie is the one which shepherds refer to as ‘The Eye’, or the power of the dog to control sheep with its eyes.
1974 Country Life 21 Feb. 357/1 Two black-and-white Border collies..won the Obedience Competition.
2010 Guardian 20 Mar. (Guide to Pets) 38/1 It's not easy living with a genius. And the one absolute canine certainty is that border collies are the most intelligent breed.
Draft additions December 2004
border protection n. (a) originally U.S., defence or surveillance of the border of a nation or territory, (now) esp. in order to prevent illegal immigration; (b) (in international trade) the imposition of tariffs and other controls to restrict imports; = protection n. 4.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > management of money > management of national resources > [noun] > political economy > an economic policy > specific policies and actions
protection1719
co-operation1817
tariff-reform1859
monetary union1866
border protection1875
rationalization1875
tariffication1892
tariffade1904
inflationism1919
NEP1923
war communism1928
voodoo economics1930
substantivism1931
sterilization1938
deficit spending1941
deficit financing1943
tax-and-spend1956
indexation1960
stop-go1964
incomes policy1965
scala mobile1965
quantitative easing1966
jawboning1969
Nixonomics1969
developmentalism1970
degrowth1971
inflation-proofing1973
NEB1973
dollarization1982
fiscal engineering1982
Rogernomics1985
1875 Proc. National Railroad Convention (U.S.) p. ix It [sc. a proposed railroad] will do much towards the solution of the Indian question,..thus saving to the Government millions annually in the single item of border protection.
1891 Times 13 Feb. 13/3 The reasonable protectionist..is willing to risk something as regards border protection to secure a wider field for Victorian manufactures.
1946 P. de Mendelssohn Design for Aggression (1947) i. 91 There were at the frontier a large number of permanent border protection units.
1985 Financial Post (Canada) (Nexis) 2 Nov. i. 1 Canadian steel producers..are clamoring for border protection.
2004 Cairns (Queensland) Post (Nexis) 9 June 4 Surely, Australia can have strong border protection and tough immigration policies without abusing the rights of children.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
borderv.
/ˈbɔːdə/, U.S. /ˈbɔrdər/ 1. transitive. To put a border or edging to. Also figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > edge, border, or margin > form the edge of [verb (transitive)] > provide with an edge
listc1330
urlec1330
borderc1400
embordera1533
edge1555
lip1607
inverge1611
marginate1611
brim1623
rim1709
margin1715
skirt1717
skirt1787
marge1852
c1400 Mandeville's Trav. xxvii. 276 His throne..bordured with Gold.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 460/2 I wyll border my kote with blacke velvet.
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 1666 A tabill..Bourdurt about all with bright Aumbur.
1734 J. Swift Strephon & Cloe in Beautiful Young Nymph 13 His Night-Cap border'd round with Lace.
1808 A. Wilson Amer. Ornithol. I. 59 Your walks border up; sow and plant at your leisure.
2. † b. figurative. To keep within bounds, confine, limit.
a. To form a border or boundary to; to bound.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > edge, border, or margin > boundary > bound or form boundary of [verb (transitive)]
terminate?a1425
border1570
limit1578
frontier1599
lista1600
bound1601
confine1601
bounder1636
verge1817
delimit1879
1570 H. Billingsley tr. Euclid Elements Geom. xi. f. 317 A Pyramis is terminated and bordered with diuers superficieces.
a1592 R. Greene Hist. Orlando Furioso (1594) sig. Civv Those trees that border in those walkes.
c1750 W. Shenstone Elegies xv. 63 Those wholesome sweets that border Virtue's way.
1807 Sir R. Wilson in Life Gen. R. Wilson (1862) II. viii. 333 The fields are bordered by large forests.
1859 J. M. Jephson & L. Reeve Narr. Walking Tour Brittany 293 A low granite wall borders the road.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restriction or limitation > restrict or limit [verb (transitive)]
thringc1250
restrain1384
bound1393
abounda1398
limita1398
pincha1450
pin?a1475
prescribec1485
define1513
coarcta1529
circumscribe1529
restrict1535
conclude1548
limitate1563
stint1567
chamber1568
contract1570
crampern1577
contain1578
finish1587
pound1589
confine1597
terminate1602
noosec1604
border1608
constrain1614
coarctate1624
butta1631
to fasten down1694
crimp1747
bourn1807
to box in1845
the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > quality of being special or restricted in application > quality of being restricted or limited > restrict or limit [verb (transitive)]
thringc1250
circumscrivec1374
arta1382
bound1393
limita1398
restrainc1405
pincha1450
restringe1525
coarcta1529
circumscribe1529
restrict1535
conclude1548
narrow?1548
limitate1563
stint1567
chamber1568
contract1570
crampern1577
contain1578
finish1587
conscribe1588
pound1589
confine1597
border1608
circumcise1613
constrain1614
coarctate1624
butta1631
prescribe1688
pin1738
1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear xvi. 33 That nature which contemnes it[s] origin Cannot be bordered certaine in it selfe.
3. To lie on the borders of, lie next, adjoin.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > distance > nearness > be near to [verb (transitive)] > be in contact with > border on
toucha1387
coastc1400
border1535
to bound on?1577
mere1577
board1596
bank1598
skirt1602
tract1612
bounder1636
buttal1642
border1647
hadland1649
line1846
1647 N. Bacon Hist. Disc. Govt. xxviii. 72 The most ancient that bordered the Britons.
1830 C. Lyell Princ. Geol. I. viii. 141 A large part of the countries bordering the Mediterranean have been remodelled since about one-third of the existing species were in being.
1837 E. Bulwer-Lytton Athens II. 120 [They] wore the same armour as the Indians whom they bordered.
1853 E. K. Kane U.S. Grinnell Exped. iv. 29 The great counter-current, which..borders the Gulf Stream.
4. intransitive. To lie on the border, be contiguous on, upon, (with, by, unto, obsolete).
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > distance > nearness > be near to [verb (transitive)] > be in contact with > border on
toucha1387
coastc1400
border1535
to bound on?1577
mere1577
board1596
bank1598
skirt1602
tract1612
bounder1636
buttal1642
border1647
hadland1649
line1846
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Josh. xv. B The mount..that borderth on the edge of the valley of Raphaim.
1563 2nd Tome Homelyes Rogation Wk. iv Our neighbours bordering about us.
1604 T. Wright Passions of Minde (new ed.) iii. ii. 82 Euery moderat passion bordureth betwixt two extreames.
1605 R. Verstegan Restit. Decayed Intelligence v. 152 The Gaules did anciently border all along on the west syde of the Germans.
1645 S. Rutherford Tryal & Trivmph of Faith (1845) 62 It is good to border with Christ, & to be near-hand to him.
1783 W. Thomson in R. Watson & W. Thomson Hist. Reign Philip III v. 400 An island bordering upon Istria.
1841 M. Elphinstone Hist. India I. iii. xi. 361 Hill tribes, bordering on cultivated countries.
5. figurative. to border on or upon: to approach closely in character, resemble closely, verge on.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > be similar [verb (intransitive)] > border upon, approach, or approximate
coast1382
to want little (also naught)a1500
approacha1538
bear1582
sympathize1605
to trench on or upon1622
neighboura1640
to border on or upona1694
approximate1771
verge1827
begin1833
a1694 Tillotson Wks. (1728) I. 33 Wit which borders upon profaneness.
1771 ‘Junius’ Stat Nominis Umbra (1772) II. l. 195 A kind of predilection, which borders upon loyalty.
1793 E. Burke Remarks Policy Allies in Wks. (1823) VII. 122 A degree of indigence at times bordering on beggary.
1839 H. L. Anderson Haileybury Observ. i. 18 This borders on the common-place.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the hair > beautify (the hair) [verb (transitive)] > braid
tress?a1366
browd1386
broidc1405
braid1530
border1585
entrammel1598
snake1653
queue1754
cue1774
club1779
trace1832
weave1884
1585 Abp. E. Sandys Serm. xv. 275 The haire..had beene coloured, pleated, and bordered.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > general preparation processes > perform general preparation processes [verb (transitive)] > slice
leach?a1400
border1508
shive1570
whang1764
1508 Bk. Keruynge (de Worde) sig. Av Border that pasty.
1864 W. H. Ainsworth Tower of London 412 In the old terms of his art, he..bordered the venison pasty, tranched the sturgeon.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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n.c1374
v.c1400