pharmaco-comb. form

Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly.

Origin: A borrowing from Greek. Etymons: Greek ϕαρμακο-, ϕάρμακον.

Etymology: < ancient Greek ϕαρμακο-, combining form (in e.g. ϕαρμακοπώλης : see pharmacopole n.) of ϕάρμακον drug, medicine, poison, of uncertain origin (perhaps a loanword). Compare classical and post-classical Latin pharmaco-, French pharmaco- (formations in which are found from at least the late 19th cent.), German pharmaco-, (now usually) pharmako- (formations in which are found from at least the beginning of the 19th cent.).Attested first in Latin loanwords, apparently earliest in pharmacopole n. (transmitted via French) in the first half of the 16th cent. Adaptations of foreign (chiefly Latin and Greek) words are found from the 17th cent., apparently earliest in pharmacopoeian n. Formations within English are found from the first half of the 19th cent., apparently earliest in pharmacometer n. ; compare also e.g. pharmacomania n., pharmacognosis n. Combining chiefly with second elements ultimately of Greek origin.

Forming terms relating to medicinal drugs.

pharmacoepidemiological adj.

Brit.

/ˌfɑːməkəʊɛpᵻdiːmɪəˈlɒdʒᵻkl/

U.S.

/ˌfɑrməkoʊˌɛpəˌdimiəˈlɑdʒək(ə)l/

of or relating to pharmacoepidemiology.

ΚΠ

1986 Scand. Jrnl. Rheumatol. 62 4 (title) Pharmaco-epidemiological considerations in patients with arthritis and vascular disease of the kidney.

2003 Jrnl. Amer. Acad. Child & Adolescent Psychiatry (Nexis) 42 406 Pharmacoepidemiological studies have identified a three-fold increase in the prescribing of psychotropic medications to U.S. children aged 2 to 5 years..during the years 1991 to 1995.

pharmacoepidemiologist n.

Brit.

/ˌfɑːməkəʊɛpᵻdiːmɪˈɒlədʒɪst/

U.S.

/ˌfɑrməkoʊˌɛpəˌdimiˈɑlədʒəst/

an expert or specialist in pharmacoepidemiology.

ΚΠ

1988 Drug Intelligence & Clin. Pharmacy 22 336 A pharmacoepidemiologist must be capable of functioning with a matrix constructed of three components: a knowledge base, a conceptual framework, and an interpretive framework.

1998 S. Fried Bitter Pills i. iv. 89 Harvard, for example, no longer even has a clin-pharm department, but has a growing cadre of pharmacoepidemiologists.

pharmacoepidemiology n.

Brit.

/ˌfɑːməkəʊɛpᵻdiːmɪˈɒlədʒi/

U.S.

/ˌfɑrməkoʊˌɛpəˌdimiˈɑlədʒi/

a branch of medical science dealing with the effects of drugs in populations.

ΚΠ

1984 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 13 Oct. 940/1 Drug surveillance requires no less than the recognition and fostering of a new discipline—pharmacoepidemiology.

1984 W. H. Inman in Brit. Med. Jrnl. 24 Nov. 1450/2 Precisely who first coined the term pharmacoepidemiology is for the historians to decide. I have used it for nearly 20 years to describe my own work and that of Herschel Jick and Sydney Shapiro in the United States.

1994 HerbalGram (Nexis) 31 Oct. 26 A rather less recognized reward of pharmacoepidemiology is identified as the revelation of unsuspected beneficial effects. One example..is the potential for reduction of cardiovascular risk factors by the use of garlic products.

1998 S. Fried Bitter Pills i. iv. 89 Pharmacoepidemiology is a newer, ‘softer’, more predictive, more macro science, which is threatening the traditional, harder, more micro, trial-based clinical pharmacology.

pharmacogenomics n.

Brit.

/ˌfɑːməkə(ʊ)dʒᵻˈnəʊmɪks/

/ˌfɑːməkə(ʊ)dʒᵻˈnɒmɪks/

U.S.

/ˌfɑrməkoʊdʒəˈnoʊmɪks/

/ˌfɑrməkoʊdʒəˈnɑmɪks/

a branch of genomics dealing with the identification of genes involved in individual responses to drugs.

ΚΠ

1997 Chicago Daily Herald (Nexis) 29 July 1 Abbott and Genset will collaborate in pharmacogenomics, which could help pharmaceutical companies better understand the populations that will benefit from their drugs.

1998 Mother Jones Apr. 68/4 Some scientists believe that pharmacogenomics—the discipline of finding the genes that are responsible for different reactions to drugs—could be the quickest route to better drugs for everything from cancer to cholesterol.

pharmacographia n.

Brit.

/ˌfɑːməkəˈɡrafɪə/

U.S.

/ˌfɑrməkəˈɡræfiə/

[after scientific Latin pharmacographia (1831 or earlier in a work title)] a treatise on pharmacognosy.

ΚΠ

1874 F. A. Flückiger & D. Hanbury (title) Pharmacographia: a History of the Principal Drugs of Vegetable Origin met with in Great Britain and British India.

pharmacography n.

Brit.

/ˌfɑːməˈkɒɡrəfi/

U.S.

/ˌfɑrməˈkɑɡrəfi/

[compare Portuguese farmacografia (1841)] = pharmacognosy n.

ΚΠ

1850 J. Pereira in Pharmaceut. Jrnl. July 20 Pharmacography. I have only seen one package of kosso.

1915 Jrnl. Heredity 6 293/2 Three centuries of investigation have failed to reveal an endemic fungus used as an intoxicant in Mexico, nor is such a fungus mentioned either in works on mycology or pharmacography.

pharmacomathy n.

Brit.

/ˌfɑːməˈkɒməθi/

U.S.

/ˌfɑrməˈkɑməθi/

= pharmacognosy n.

ΚΠ

1882 Ogilvie's Imperial Dict. (new ed.) Pharmacomathy, same as Pharmacognosia.

† pharmacometer n. Obsolete rare a device for measuring quantities of drugs.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > pharmacy > [noun] > pharmacist's equipment

cyath?1543

slice1611

oculist's stamp1778

pharmacometer1830

medicine stamp1849

medicine seal1851

pill tile1852

cyathus1854

pill slab1893

1830 Edinb. Rev. 50 516 Impossible to light upon proper pharmacometers.

† pharmacomorphic adj. Obsolete rare of or relating to the physical appearance of drugs.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.

ΚΠ

1890 J. S. Billings National Med. Dict. II. 326 Pharmacomorphic, pertaining to the form or appearance of drugs.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pharmaco-
释义	pharmaco-comb. form Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly. Origin: A borrowing from Greek. Etymons: Greek ϕαρμακο-, ϕάρμακον. Etymology: < ancient Greek ϕαρμακο-, combining form (in e.g. ϕαρμακοπώλης : see pharmacopole n.) of ϕάρμακον drug, medicine, poison, of uncertain origin (perhaps a loanword). Compare classical and post-classical Latin pharmaco-, French pharmaco- (formations in which are found from at least the late 19th cent.), German pharmaco-, (now usually) pharmako- (formations in which are found from at least the beginning of the 19th cent.).Attested first in Latin loanwords, apparently earliest in pharmacopole n. (transmitted via French) in the first half of the 16th cent. Adaptations of foreign (chiefly Latin and Greek) words are found from the 17th cent., apparently earliest in pharmacopoeian n. Formations within English are found from the first half of the 19th cent., apparently earliest in pharmacometer n. ; compare also e.g. pharmacomania n., pharmacognosis n. Combining chiefly with second elements ultimately of Greek origin. Forming terms relating to medicinal drugs. pharmacoepidemiological adj. Brit. /ˌfɑːməkəʊɛpᵻdiːmɪəˈlɒdʒᵻkl/ , U.S. /ˌfɑrməkoʊˌɛpəˌdimiəˈlɑdʒək(ə)l/ of or relating to pharmacoepidemiology. ΚΠ 1986 Scand. Jrnl. Rheumatol. 62 4 (title) Pharmaco-epidemiological considerations in patients with arthritis and vascular disease of the kidney. 2003 Jrnl. Amer. Acad. Child & Adolescent Psychiatry (Nexis) 42 406 Pharmacoepidemiological studies have identified a three-fold increase in the prescribing of psychotropic medications to U.S. children aged 2 to 5 years..during the years 1991 to 1995. pharmacoepidemiologist n. Brit. /ˌfɑːməkəʊɛpᵻdiːmɪˈɒlədʒɪst/ , U.S. /ˌfɑrməkoʊˌɛpəˌdimiˈɑlədʒəst/ an expert or specialist in pharmacoepidemiology. ΚΠ 1988 Drug Intelligence & Clin. Pharmacy 22 336 A pharmacoepidemiologist must be capable of functioning with a matrix constructed of three components: a knowledge base, a conceptual framework, and an interpretive framework. 1998 S. Fried Bitter Pills i. iv. 89 Harvard, for example, no longer even has a clin-pharm department, but has a growing cadre of pharmacoepidemiologists. pharmacoepidemiology n. Brit. /ˌfɑːməkəʊɛpᵻdiːmɪˈɒlədʒi/ , U.S. /ˌfɑrməkoʊˌɛpəˌdimiˈɑlədʒi/ a branch of medical science dealing with the effects of drugs in populations. ΚΠ 1984 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 13 Oct. 940/1 Drug surveillance requires no less than the recognition and fostering of a new discipline—pharmacoepidemiology. 1984 W. H. Inman in Brit. Med. Jrnl. 24 Nov. 1450/2 Precisely who first coined the term pharmacoepidemiology is for the historians to decide. I have used it for nearly 20 years to describe my own work and that of Herschel Jick and Sydney Shapiro in the United States. 1994 HerbalGram (Nexis) 31 Oct. 26 A rather less recognized reward of pharmacoepidemiology is identified as the revelation of unsuspected beneficial effects. One example..is the potential for reduction of cardiovascular risk factors by the use of garlic products. 1998 S. Fried Bitter Pills i. iv. 89 Pharmacoepidemiology is a newer, ‘softer’, more predictive, more macro science, which is threatening the traditional, harder, more micro, trial-based clinical pharmacology. pharmacogenomics n. Brit. /ˌfɑːməkə(ʊ)dʒᵻˈnəʊmɪks/ , /ˌfɑːməkə(ʊ)dʒᵻˈnɒmɪks/ , U.S. /ˌfɑrməkoʊdʒəˈnoʊmɪks/ , /ˌfɑrməkoʊdʒəˈnɑmɪks/ a branch of genomics dealing with the identification of genes involved in individual responses to drugs. ΚΠ 1997 Chicago Daily Herald (Nexis) 29 July 1 Abbott and Genset will collaborate in pharmacogenomics, which could help pharmaceutical companies better understand the populations that will benefit from their drugs. 1998 Mother Jones Apr. 68/4 Some scientists believe that pharmacogenomics—the discipline of finding the genes that are responsible for different reactions to drugs—could be the quickest route to better drugs for everything from cancer to cholesterol. pharmacographia n. Brit. /ˌfɑːməkəˈɡrafɪə/ , U.S. /ˌfɑrməkəˈɡræfiə/ [after scientific Latin pharmacographia (1831 or earlier in a work title)] a treatise on pharmacognosy. ΚΠ 1874 F. A. Flückiger & D. Hanbury (title) Pharmacographia: a History of the Principal Drugs of Vegetable Origin met with in Great Britain and British India. pharmacography n. Brit. /ˌfɑːməˈkɒɡrəfi/ , U.S. /ˌfɑrməˈkɑɡrəfi/ [compare Portuguese farmacografia (1841)] = pharmacognosy n. ΚΠ 1850 J. Pereira in Pharmaceut. Jrnl. July 20 Pharmacography. I have only seen one package of kosso. 1915 Jrnl. Heredity 6 293/2 Three centuries of investigation have failed to reveal an endemic fungus used as an intoxicant in Mexico, nor is such a fungus mentioned either in works on mycology or pharmacography. pharmacomathy n. Brit. /ˌfɑːməˈkɒməθi/ , U.S. /ˌfɑrməˈkɑməθi/ = pharmacognosy n. ΚΠ 1882 Ogilvie's Imperial Dict. (new ed.) Pharmacomathy, same as Pharmacognosia. † pharmacometer n. Obsolete rare a device for measuring quantities of drugs. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > pharmacy > [noun] > pharmacist's equipment cyath?1543 slice1611 oculist's stamp1778 pharmacometer1830 medicine stamp1849 medicine seal1851 pill tile1852 cyathus1854 pill slab1893 1830 Edinb. Rev. 50 516 Impossible to light upon proper pharmacometers. † pharmacomorphic adj. Obsolete rare of or relating to the physical appearance of drugs.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΚΠ 1890 J. S. Billings National Med. Dict. II. 326 Pharmacomorphic, pertaining to the form or appearance of drugs. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < comb. form1830
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