akinesisn.

Brit.

/ˌeɪkᵻˈniːsɪs/, U.S.

/ˌeɪkəˈnisᵻs/

Inflections: Plural akineses.

Forms: 1800s acinesis, 1800s– akinesis.

Origin: A borrowing from Greek, combined with an English element; probably modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: a- prefix⁶, Greek κίνησις.

Etymology: < a- prefix⁶ + ancient Greek κίνησις motion (see kinesis n.), probably after German Acinesis, Akinesis (1839 or earlier). Compare earlier akinesia n. and also akinetic adj.

1. Medicine.

a. = akinesia n. 1. In early use also: †any of a group of neurological disorders characterized by muscle weakness or paralysis (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > convulsive or paralytic disorders > [noun] > other convulsive paralysis

akinesia1721

akinesis1841

pharyngoplegy1858

asynergy1860

astasia1861

paramyotonia1886

abasia1888

lathyrism1888

Horner's syndrome1929

tardive dyskinesia1964

1841 M. Hall On Dis. & Derangem. Nerv. Syst. p. xvi (note) Akinesis and akinetic would indicate the absence of this property [sc. motor power and function], as in the cerebrum and cerebellum, [etc.].

1844 Brit. & Foreign Med. Rev. 17 419 Professor Romberg divides the motor neuroses into two great divisions: the hypercineses or spasmodic, and the acineses, or paralytic.

1853 E. H. Sieveking tr. M. H. Romberg Man. Nerv. Dis. Man I. ii. i. 275 The activity of the centrifugal (motor) nerve is manifested by the contraction of the muscular fibres supplied by it, and this manifestation, when abnormal, may be exalted or depressed and extinguished; in the former case we have to do with hypercinesis, in the latter with acinesis.

1889 Lancet 23 Mar. 573/2 It is evident that not only is there a professional hyperkinesis such as writer's cramp, telegraphist's cramp, &c., but also a professional akinesis or exhaustion paralysis.

1925 Lancet 4 July 8/2 (heading) Causes of Parkinsonian akinesis.

1940 Amer. Jrnl. Surg. 50 289/1 Anesthesia, mydriasis, akinesis, lid control, retrobulbar injection and precaution against infection are accomplished in accordance with individual preference.

1986 Amer. Jrnl. Nursing 86 671/3 He had cogwheel rigidity, akinesis, muteness, and waxy flexibility in his arms.

b. Failure of (part of) the heart to contract normally; = akinesia n. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of heart > [noun] > other heart disorders

regurgitation1683

pneumopericardium1821

concentric hypertrophy1828

hydropericardium1834

stenocardia1842

cardiosclerosis1848

pyopericardium1848

irritable heart1864

pyopneumopericardium1878

tobacco heart1884

akinesis1888

smoker's heart1888

pneumopericarditis1890

cardioptosis1895

soldier's heart1898

diver's palsy1900

cardiomyopathy1901

cigarette heart1908

neurocirculatory asthenia1918

Fallot1922

cor pulmonale1935

Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome1935

fibroelastosis1943

restenosis1954

akinesia1970

stress cardiomyopathy2005

1888 Lancet 10 Nov. 933/1 The hypokinesis or the akinesis of the heart is to be ascribed not only to the grave mechanico-hydraulic disturbances of the circulation, but also to the presence in the blood of a toxic principle.

1967 Amer. Jrnl. Med. 42 512 Motion disturbances in the region of the [ventricular] aneurysm fell into two groups: akinesis, or total lack of wall motion;..and dyskinesis, or local paradoxical systolic expansion.

2005 J. F. Malouf in V. Fuster et al. Atherothrombosis & Coronary Artery Dis. lx. 884/2 Transmural infarction of the myocardium can be recognized on two-dimensional echocardiography by akinesis of the involved region.

2. Zoology. Immobility occurring as a behavioural response, esp. in insects; an instance of this. Cf. kinesis n. 2.

ΚΠ

1940 G. S. Fraenkel & D. L. Gunn Orientation of Animals xiv. 195 The animals [sc. locusts] go into a state of akinesis.

1965 J. D. Carthy Behaviour of Arthropods vii. 101 The young insects are known to bask in places which are rather warmer than the surroundings, for they stay still where the temperature is higher and in the day show an akinesis in the sun.

2004 Jrnl. Insect Physiol. 50 249/1 During the day they [sc. triatomine bugs] are mostly inactive and are usually found in a quiescent state or akinesis, aggregated inside their refuges.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	akinesis
释义	akinesisn. Brit. /ˌeɪkᵻˈniːsɪs/, U.S. /ˌeɪkəˈnisᵻs/ Inflections: Plural akineses. Forms: 1800s acinesis, 1800s– akinesis. Origin: A borrowing from Greek, combined with an English element; probably modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: a- prefix⁶, Greek κίνησις. Etymology: < a- prefix⁶ + ancient Greek κίνησις motion (see kinesis n.), probably after German Acinesis, Akinesis (1839 or earlier). Compare earlier akinesia n. and also akinetic adj. 1. Medicine. a. = akinesia n. 1. In early use also: †any of a group of neurological disorders characterized by muscle weakness or paralysis (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > convulsive or paralytic disorders > [noun] > other convulsive paralysis akinesia1721 akinesis1841 pharyngoplegy1858 asynergy1860 astasia1861 paramyotonia1886 abasia1888 lathyrism1888 Horner's syndrome1929 tardive dyskinesia1964 1841 M. Hall On Dis. & Derangem. Nerv. Syst. p. xvi (note) Akinesis and akinetic would indicate the absence of this property [sc. motor power and function], as in the cerebrum and cerebellum, [etc.]. 1844 Brit. & Foreign Med. Rev. 17 419 Professor Romberg divides the motor neuroses into two great divisions: the hypercineses or spasmodic, and the acineses, or paralytic. 1853 E. H. Sieveking tr. M. H. Romberg Man. Nerv. Dis. Man I. ii. i. 275 The activity of the centrifugal (motor) nerve is manifested by the contraction of the muscular fibres supplied by it, and this manifestation, when abnormal, may be exalted or depressed and extinguished; in the former case we have to do with hypercinesis, in the latter with acinesis. 1889 Lancet 23 Mar. 573/2 It is evident that not only is there a professional hyperkinesis such as writer's cramp, telegraphist's cramp, &c., but also a professional akinesis or exhaustion paralysis. 1925 Lancet 4 July 8/2 (heading) Causes of Parkinsonian akinesis. 1940 Amer. Jrnl. Surg. 50 289/1 Anesthesia, mydriasis, akinesis, lid control, retrobulbar injection and precaution against infection are accomplished in accordance with individual preference. 1986 Amer. Jrnl. Nursing 86 671/3 He had cogwheel rigidity, akinesis, muteness, and waxy flexibility in his arms. b. Failure of (part of) the heart to contract normally; = akinesia n. 2. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of heart > [noun] > other heart disorders regurgitation1683 pneumopericardium1821 concentric hypertrophy1828 hydropericardium1834 stenocardia1842 cardiosclerosis1848 pyopericardium1848 irritable heart1864 pyopneumopericardium1878 tobacco heart1884 akinesis1888 smoker's heart1888 pneumopericarditis1890 cardioptosis1895 soldier's heart1898 diver's palsy1900 cardiomyopathy1901 cigarette heart1908 neurocirculatory asthenia1918 Fallot1922 cor pulmonale1935 Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome1935 fibroelastosis1943 restenosis1954 akinesia1970 stress cardiomyopathy2005 1888 Lancet 10 Nov. 933/1 The hypokinesis or the akinesis of the heart is to be ascribed not only to the grave mechanico-hydraulic disturbances of the circulation, but also to the presence in the blood of a toxic principle. 1967 Amer. Jrnl. Med. 42 512 Motion disturbances in the region of the [ventricular] aneurysm fell into two groups: akinesis, or total lack of wall motion;..and dyskinesis, or local paradoxical systolic expansion. 2005 J. F. Malouf in V. Fuster et al. Atherothrombosis & Coronary Artery Dis. lx. 884/2 Transmural infarction of the myocardium can be recognized on two-dimensional echocardiography by akinesis of the involved region. 2. Zoology. Immobility occurring as a behavioural response, esp. in insects; an instance of this. Cf. kinesis n. 2. ΚΠ 1940 G. S. Fraenkel & D. L. Gunn Orientation of Animals xiv. 195 The animals [sc. locusts] go into a state of akinesis. 1965 J. D. Carthy Behaviour of Arthropods vii. 101 The young insects are known to bask in places which are rather warmer than the surroundings, for they stay still where the temperature is higher and in the day show an akinesis in the sun. 2004 Jrnl. Insect Physiol. 50 249/1 During the day they [sc. triatomine bugs] are mostly inactive and are usually found in a quiescent state or akinesis, aggregated inside their refuges. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1841
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