| 释义 |
monarchyn. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French monarchie; Latin monarchia. Etymology: < Middle French monarchie rule by a single sovereign (c1270 in Old French), state ruled by a single sovereign (c1370) and its etymon post-classical Latin monarchia government by a single ruler (early 3rd cent.; from early 8th cent. in British sources), territory under a single ruler (11th cent. in British and continental sources) < ancient Greek μοναρχία government by a single ruler < μόναρχος monarch n.1 + -ία -y suffix3. Compare Italian monarchia (c1308), Spanish monarquía (beginning of the 15th cent.), Portuguese monarquia (1553 as monarchia).Compare slightly later monarch n.2 and note at that entry. I. Senses relating to exclusive sovereignty or rule by a single sovereign. 1. society > authority > rule or government > sole rule > [noun] α. a1393 J. Gower (Fairf.) Prol. 673 (MED) The Monarchie Of al the world in that partie To Babiloyne was soubgit. ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden (Harl. 2261) (1871) III. 33 (MED) Then the monarchye off men of Assiria..failede. 1561 T. Norton & T. Sackville Dumb Show bef. 1st Act Gorboduc deuidinge his Lande to his two Sonnes, which he before held in Monarchie. 1651 T. Hobbes iv. xlvii. 381 The Pope prevailed with the subjects of all Christian Princes..in all differences between him and other Princes..to abandon their lawfull Soveraigns; which is in effect an universall Monarchy over all Christendome. 1798 W. Taylor in 5 353 Opinions of hereditary right..must either be allowed to establish their superstitions (the monarchy or seigniorage of certain families),..or must be coerced in the exercise of their claims. 1806 J. Lingard I. v. 229 To him [sc. St Peter] they..attribute..‘the power to bind and the monarchy to loose [L. potestatem ligandi et monarchiam solvendi] in heaven and on earth’. 1876 J. B. Mozley i. 1 Gregory VII..claimed the monarchy of the world. 1595 B. Barnes xviii sig. B4v Hye priest of Syon..Whose Scepter is an euerlasting one, Whose Monarchie neuer compleated is. 1641 J. Jackson i. 5 The Jews construe it [sc. Isiah 11:6–8], of Christ still to come, and of his temporall Monarchy. 1667 J. Milton i. 41 With ambitious aim Against the Throne and Monarchy of God. View more context for this quotation 1781 E. Gibbon III. xxviii. 101 The monarchy of heaven, already clouded by metaphysical subtleties, was degraded by the introduction of a popular mythology. 1911 X. 448/2 The Adoptionists, or Dynamists,..did not start from the monarchy of God, and their error is strictly Christological. 1963 T. Ware xi. 221 The Cappadocians regarded the ‘monarchy’ as the distinctive characteristic of the Father: He alone is a principle or arche within the Trinity. 1981 D. L. Guder tr. O. Weber I. ix. 367 Modalism..insists unconditionally upon the ‘monarchy’ (monarchia) of God. society > authority > control > [noun] > exclusive control 1596 E. L. (title) Romes Monarchie. 1602 W. Watson 324 The Iesuits aspire to the whole and absolute monarchie of the world. 1743 A. Pope (rev. ed.) i. 63 Shall I, like Curtius, desp'rate in my zeal..rob Rome's ancient geese of all their glories, And cackling save the Monarchy of Tories? society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > jurisdiction or territory of specific rulers or nobles > [noun] > of king or royal ruler ?a1425 (?a1350) T. Castleford (1940) 187 (MED) All Bryttaine monarchye, Þai suld it weld and hafe in halye, Even diuisyd þame two betwene. a1563 J. Bale (1969) ii. 2386 Than shall neuer pope rule more in thys monarchie. 1699 R. Bentley (new ed.) 403 Crouds of those that would have come to Court from the furthest parts of the Monarchy. 1706 Duke of Marlborough Let. 21 Oct. in H. L. Snyder (1975) II. 708 If wee cannot preserve the Monarkie intier the peace will not be of long durance. 1776 E. Gibbon I. xi. 299 His [sc. Aurelian's] manly judgment convinced him of the solid advantages..of thus contracting the frontiers of the monarchy. 1870 J. E. T. Rogers 2nd Ser. 9 Such a monarchy was a mere geographical quantity. society > authority > rule or government > a or the state > [noun] > a monarchical state c1475 (a1449) J. Lydgate (1934) ii. 828 The realmes and the monarchyes Of erthly princes. a1513 R. Fabyan (1516) I. lxxxxi. f. xxxvv [Egbert] hadde subdued the more partie of the Kyngdomes of Saxons, and made of all but one Monarchy. a1530 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun (Royal) iv. 2411 The empyre..Wes all subjecte till a man..And was callyd in Grew, for-thi, fra thine furth the monarchy. 1554 D. Lindsay Dialog Experience & Courteour 1979 in (1931) I. 258 As, quhen one Prouince..Had hole power Imperiall,..Abufe all Kyngis and Nationis, One Monarchie that men doith call. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane f. cccxciiv That the same Monarchye, that hath ben now so many yeares in framinge, maye at the lengthe be established. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) ii. iv. 73 Good my Soueraigne..let them know Of what a Monarchie you are the Head. View more context for this quotation a1618 W. Raleigh (1642) 2 Monarchies..are of 3 sorts touching the right or possession of them; viz. 1. Hereditary,..2. Elective,..3. Mixt... Monarchies are of 2 sorts touching their power or authority; viz. 1. Intier..2. Limited. 1651 T. Hobbes ii. xxvi. 140 It is..necessary, to consider in this place..what is the will of the Soveraign, as well in Monarchies, as in other formes of government. 1750 Ld. Chesterfield 29 Mar. (1932) (modernized text) IV. 1521 England is now the only monarchy in the world that can properly be said to have a constitution. 1776 E. Gibbon I. vii. 171 Of the various forms of government,..an hereditary monarchy seems to present the fairest scope for ridicule. 1825 A. Caldcleugh I. iv. 96 (Brazil) An absolute hereditary monarchy, with a council of state, secretaries and boards for the administration of the treasury, war, and home departments. 1874 G. Bancroft i. 47 The Chaldean Monarchy was the first in order of time. 1911 XII. 706/1 Gustavus Vasa..attempted to convert Sweden into a hereditary monarchy. 1983 A. Bullock iv. 160 He was not concerned whether Greece became a monarchy or a republic. society > authority > rule or government > a or the system of government > monarchical government > [noun] 1597 T. Middleton ix. sig. M Through her the state of monarchie is knowne, Through her I rule, and guide my fathers throne. 1600 W. Vaughan iii. iii. sig. Q7v A Monarchy ought to be preferred before all other sorts of gouernments. 1638 in (1880) 40 It is chiflie monarchie uhich is intended by them to be destroyed. 1651 T. Hobbes ii. xix. 95 For they that are discontented under Monarchy, call it Tyranny. 1682 N. Tate & J. Dryden 27 Who once at such a gentle Reign Repine, The Fall of Monarchy it self Design. 1741 D. Hume Parties Great Brit. in 131 A Whig may be defin'd to be a Lover of Liberty, tho' without renouncing Monarchy. 1861 H. T. Buckle II. iv. 297 The very institution of monarchy was repulsive to them. 1945 W. S. Churchill in 18 Jan. 408 Whatever they decide, Monarchy or Republic, Left or Right, that shall be their law. 1964 C. V. Wedgwood i. 9 The conception of monarchy for which King Charles both lived and died has vanished from the earth. 1999 (Electronic ed.) 6 Nov. A No vote would be evidence of Australians' commitment to democracy, not to monarchy. society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > sovereign ruler or monarch > [noun] > position of 1581 B. Rich 43 I dare vndertake I should as well deserue to bee receiued, as he that is lineallie descended from the greatest Monarchie of the worlde.] 1747 (1748) II. 222 Where an Inquisitor-General..is uncrowning the Monarchy. 1879 Dec. 3/2 The mob burst into the Tuileries..and the monarchy of France looked its last out of the palace windows. 1956 R. Macaulay xxiii. 265 Monarchy had no say in any governmental matter, it was kept for social purposes, and to please a monarchically minded nation. 1992 Nov. 89/2 The trouble was that a show-biz and Sloane monarchy started to fuse with a celeb or dollar elite, so that Di preferred John Travolta, and Charles ate from the hand of Walter Annenberg. 1999 27 Oct. 21/1 The Metropolitan Hotel, where we've decided to conduct today's great meeting of the Britrock monarchy. II. Extended uses. society > authority > [noun] > supreme authority 1585 R. Bostocke Diiii The Monarchie of mans body must be preserued by harmony. 1602 R. Mason (title) Reasons Monarchie. 1609 C. Butler (title) The Feminine Monarchie Or A Treatise concerning Bees. 1695 W. Congreve Ded. sig. A3v No body can dispute Your Lordship's Monarchy in Poetry. 1713 R. Steele No. 7. 44 Liberty is checked by the Restraints of Truth, and the Monarchy of right Reason. 1791 J. Bentham II. 205 A prison, a sort of monarchy which has never yet been noted for plans of conquest. 1884 J. Parker III. 133 The only monarchy that is not tinsel is the monarchy of holiness. 1920 T. S. Eliot Introd. p. xiv The solitude with which they [sc. first-order minds] will always and everywhere be invested is a very different thing from isolation, or a monarchy of death. Compounds 1665 T. Curwen et al. (title page) This is An Answer to John Wiggans Book, Spread up and down in Lancashire, Cheshire and Wales, who is a Baptist & a Monarchy-man. 1792 T. Jefferson Consultations with President 12 Mar. in (1990) XXIII. 260 Gouverneur Morris, a high-flying Monarchy-man..has kept the President's mind constantly poisoned with his forebodings. 1851 M. F. Tupper 460 I'm a Tory, you know, and a monarchy man. 1900 July 497 He dreaded the Independents, the Monarchy Men who went shouting for King Jesus, [etc.]. 1999 (Electronic ed.) 21 Feb. Captain! You're a monarchy man. Thought you might like to know that the Prince of Wales..announced to his fellow lunchers: ‘This is the best crab timbale I have ever tasted.’ This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  n.a1393 |
