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单词 flavour
释义

flavourflavorn.

Brit. /ˈfleɪvə/, U.S. /ˈfleɪvər/
Forms: α. Middle English– flavor, Middle English Scottish flewoure, Middle English– flavour. β. 1500s Scottish fleoure, fleure, fleowre, fleware, flewere, 1700s Scottish flaur.
Etymology: apparently an adoption of Old French flaur, fleiur, *flaor, fraor smell. The euphonic v of the α forms cannot be proved to have existed in Old French (the Old French form flaveur alleged by Roquefort being unauthenticated); the analogy of Old French emblaver for earlier emblaer, povoir (modern pouvoir) for earlier pooir, is open to question. Possibly the word may have undergone assimilation to savour.The Old French forms cited above are treated by Godefroy as variants of flairor < vulgar Latin *frāg(r)ōrem (compare Italian fragore ), < frāgrāre (see fragrant adj.); but some scholars refer them to a Latin type *flātōrem , < flāt- participial stem of flāre to blow. With regard to the use of -our or -or , see favour n.
1. A smell, odour. In modern use with more limited sense (cf. 2): A more or less subtle admixture or accompanying trace of a particular odour; an olfactory suggestion of the presence of some particular ingredient; an aroma.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > [noun]
smacka1000
breathOE
smella1175
irea1300
weffea1300
thefa1325
relesec1330
odour?c1335
incensea1340
flair1340
savoura1350
smellingc1386
flavourc1400
fumec1400
reflairc1400
air?a1439
scent?1473
taste?c1475
verdure1520
senteur1601
waft1611
effluvium1656
fluor1671
burning scent1681
aura1732
fumet1735
snuff1763
olfacient1822
odouret1825
waff1827
gush1841
sniff1844
tang1858
nose1894
c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 87 So frech flauorez of frytez were, As fode hit con me fayre refete.
c1425 Wyntoun Cron. ix. xxvi. 107 Of þat Rute þe kynd Flewoure, As Flouris havand, þat Sawoure He had.
1483 W. Caxton in tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 183/1 A flauour like a smoke of frankencence smellyng so swete.
a1500 R. Henryson tr. Æsop Fables: Fox, Wolf, & Cadger l. 2030 in Poems (1981) 78 The foxe the flewer off the fresche hering feillis.
1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid vii. ii. 134 Ane strang flewir thrawis wp in the air.
1542 A. Borde Compend. Regyment Helth viii. sig. D.iv Stand or syt a good waye of from the fyre takynge the flauour of it.
1568 G. Skeyne Breue Descriptioun Pest vii. sig. Bv Fleure of stank or corrupt reueir.
1606 W. Birnie Blame of Kirk-buriall xvi. sig. E1v To avoyd the deads flewer they were constrained to bury abroad.
1677 J. Dryden State Innocence iii. i. 16 Myrtle, Orange, and the blushing Rose..Each seems to smell the flavor which the other blows.
1781 J. Moore View Soc. Italy (1790) I. xxiii. 266 The body..is said to emit a very agreeable..flavour.
1843 G. P. R. James Forest Days I. ii. 12 Spill a drop [of ale] on the floor, to give a new flavour to the room.
1870 C. Dickens Edwin Drood iii. 12 A..city, deriving an earthy flavor throughout, from its cathedral crypt.
2. The element in the taste of a substance which depends on the co-operation of the sense of smell; a more or less subtle peculiarity of taste distinguishing a substance from others; a touch or slight admixture of a particular kind of taste; a savour.Milton's use of flavour in the first quot., where he apparently distinguishes it both from taste and smell, has given rise to a conjecture that the sense is that of Latin flāvor yellowness (a correctly formed word, though without classical authority.) Possibly a recollection of the text ‘Ne intuearis vinum quando flavescit’ (Proverbs xxiii. 31) led Milton to use the word in what he may have imagined to be its etymological sense. But it is not certain that he did not mean it simply in sense 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > taste and flavour > [noun]
smacka1000
savour?c1225
relesec1330
tastea1382
sentimentc1400
smatchc1400
taragec1407
tangc1440
weffec1440
tallage14..
sapor1477
verdurea1513
verdour1526
relish1530
verder1532
gustc1540
waft1542
smacker1549
talent1550
tack1602
tache1607
tincture1610
twang1611
foretaster1632
flavour1693
gusto1713
goût1751
saporosity1794
gustativeness1827
savouring1840
sipidity1880
palate1973
1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 544 Desire of wine..Thou couldst repress, nor did the dancing Rubie..the flavor, or the smell, Or taste..Allure thee. View more context for this quotation]
1693 W. Congreve tr. Juvenal Satires xi. 220 If brought from far, it [fish or fowl] very Dear has cost, It has a Flavour then, which pleases most.
1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 409. ¶2 That Sensitive Taste which gives us a Relish of every different Flavour that affects the Palate.
1745 P. Thomas True Jrnl. Voy. South-Seas 331 White [Cape Wine]..if kept two years, has much the Flavor of Canary.
1789 H. L. Piozzi Observ. Journey France II. 372 Oak..smoke gives the peculiar flavour to that bacon.
1830 J. Baxter Libr. Agric. & Hort. Knowl. 508 I have seldom observed the wine to have any very sensible flavor,—meaning by flavor, that compound sensation of smell and taste which characterises the finer kinds of wines.
3. figurative (of 1 and 2).
Thesaurus »
a. ‘Fragrance’ (of renown) (obsolete).
Thesaurus »
b. An undefinable characteristic quality instinctively apprehended.
c. Piquancy, zest.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > [noun] > an emotion
affection?c1225
passiona1250
motionc1390
feelinga1413
feelc1485
motivec1485
stirring1552
emotive1596
emotion1602
resentment1622
sentiment1652
sensation1674
flavour1699
aftertaste1702
pathy1837
c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 90 He schulde thanne haue..more noble flaouur of digne fame.
1699 J. Pomfret Poems (1724) 44 The soft Reflections..leave a grateful Flavour in my Breast.
1866 Carlyle in Glasg. Weekly Her. 15 June (1883) 1/7 Happy is he (still more is she) who has got to know a Bad Book by the very flavour.
1874 J. P. Mahaffy Social Life Greece viii. 244 A certain aristocratic flavour must have ever dwelt about the Athenian.
1875 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) I. 338 They have lost the flavour of Socratic irony in the narrative of Xenophon.
1876 G. O. Trevelyan Life & Lett. Macaulay II. xiv. 399 The hospitality at Holly Lodge had about it a flavour of pleasant peculiarity.
d. flavour of the month (or week) (originally U.S.): an ice-cream flavour featured during a particular period; now frequently figurative, something that is currently fashionable.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > fashionableness > [noun] > the or a prevailing fashion
gentryc1400
the fashion1569
mainstream1599
the trim1603
mood1646
mode1649
vogue1649
beauty1653
à la mode1654
turn1695
the kick1699
goût1717
thing1734
taste1739
ton1769
nick1788
the tippy1790
twig1811
latest1814
dernier mot1834
ticket1838
kibosh1880
last cry1887
le (or the) dernier cri1896
flavour of the month (or week)1946
vague1962
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > confections or sweetmeats > ices > [noun] > ice-cream > available for limited period
flavour of the month (or week)1946
the mind > emotion > love > loved one > [noun] > state or condition of being a favourite > favourite or pet > popular
people's choice1706
flavour of the month (or week)1979
1946 Ice Cream Rev. Sept. 72/2 Illinois Association of Ice Cream Manufacturers has set up a committee which will give serious study to a suggested flavor and flavor-of-the-month program for 1947.
1949 Boston Daily Globe 25 Aug. 22/1 (advt.) Ice Cream Flavor of the Week special. Maple nut only. 25c pint.
1955 Ice Cream Field Mar. 77/2 (advt.) Run any ripple flavor as your flavor of the month—every month of the year.
1968 Dairy & Ice Cream Field July 49/3 The routes will offer four standard flavors and special flavor-of-the-month ice cream.
1979 Washington Post 20 Sept. d2/1 Young Dan Quisenberry, the Royals' bullpen flavor of the month in their shattered relief corps, got five final outs in a row for a save.
1983 Financial Times 5 Nov. 28/6 The U.S. investment banks have been doing their bit—GEC is their flavour of the week.
1984 Austral. Financial Rev. 9 Nov. 17/2 This ranks Australia second only to Hawaii as the most popular holiday spot... ‘Australia is the flavour of the month,’ as Mr Brian Walsh put it.
1986 Times 19 Feb. 19/1 Synergy is the flavour of the week.
4. = flavouring n. 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > additive > [noun] > seasoning or flavouring
powder1381
condimentc1420
season?a1505
seasoning1580
seasoner1620
haut-goût1645
farciment1657
conditementa1670
furnitures1693
seasonagea1716
flavour1785
flavouring1845
Japanese pepper1861
flavourer1884
ve-tsin1927
zaatar1963
1785 J. Trusler Mod. Times II. 82 Three fourths of the white wine drank in this kingdom are compositions put together here, and made palatable by a liquor they call flavour.
5. Particle Physics. [An arbitrary choice of name.] A quantized property of quarks which differentiates them into (at least) six varieties (called up and down, charmed and strange, top and bottom) and which can be changed by the weak interaction; an analogous property of leptons which differentiates the electron, the muon, the tau, and their respective neutrinos. Also, a quark or lepton of a particular flavour.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > atomic physics > particle physics > particle avoiding strong interaction > [noun] > differentiating property of
flavour1975
the world > matter > physics > atomic physics > particle physics > quark > [noun] > differentiating property
flavour1975
1975 Sci. Amer. Oct. 38/1 In the whimsical terminology that has evolved for the discussion of quarks they are said to come in four flavors, and each flavor is said to come in three colors. (‘Flavor’ and ‘color’ are, of course, arbitrary labels; they have no relation to the usual meanings of those words.)
1978 Nature 2 Feb. 406/2 The quarks in the proton and neutron are of two varieties (or flavours), ‘up’ (u) and ‘down’ (d).
1980 Sci. Amer. July 60/1 For almost 20 years it has been well established that there are at least two flavors, or kinds, of neutrino; one flavor can appear only in association with an electron and the other is always created together with a muon.
1981 M. Gell-Mann in J. H. Mulvey Nature of Matter viii. 176 The electromagnetic and weak forces are ‘flavour forces’: the electric charge of a particle depends on its flavour; weak forces are flavour exchange forces.
1981 Sci. Amer. Feb. 65/1 A total of five flavors have definitely been observed (they are called up, down, strange, charm and bottom) and the existence of a sixth flavor (top) is all but certain.
1982 Sci. Amer. Nov. 134/1 Charm, like up, down and strange, is a quark flavor.
1985 Sci. Amer. Apr. 66/3 Like leptons, the quarks experience weak interactions that change one species, or flavor, into another.

Draft additions January 2011

a. figurative. A particular variety, type, or version.Now frequently in the context of computing and electronics.
ΚΠ
1920 Olean (N.Y.) Evening Herald 5 Apr. 2/5 Various kinds of kisses. I wonder if anyone ever defined the different flavors of a kiss. There is the kiss of the coquette, [etc.].
1947 H. M. Lafferty Sense & Nonsense in Educ. x. 128 There are almost as many flavors of modern education as there are varieties of Heinz's products.
1975 Encycl. Computer Sci. & Technol. XXIV. 309 It seems that both flavors of parallelism will continue to flourish, and some future machines may have a hybrid of two approaches.
1979 Intelligent Machines Jrnl. 13 Aug. 20/4 Information comes in more flavors than just numbers and words, i.e., pictures.
2003 What Home Cinema Jan. 43/2 Is THX important? If so, which flavour—plain, Ultra, or Select?
b. Computing. A version of a piece of software; spec. any version of the Unix operating system.
ΚΠ
1981 PERQ's and UNIX in fa.apollo (Usenet newsgroup) 13 June The Coherent Systems flavor of Unix which is, one hears, very good.
1989 C. Stoll Cuckoo's Egg Epil. 312 I dialed into my..Sun workstation, running the popular Berkeley flavor of Unix.
1992 InfoWorld 17 Aug. 100/3 Zortech C++ 3.0 comes in four flavors, two of which are for the DOS/Windows environment.
1998 Network World 17 Aug. 34/3 It supports all flavors of Windows, OS/2,..and Macintosh.
2000 S. Moritsugu et al. Pract. Unix xxvii. 730 If your flavor of UNIX doesn't have X-Windows,..you can still run Lynx.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

flavourflavorv.

Brit. /ˈfleɪvə/, U.S. /ˈfleɪvər/
Forms: Also 1500s flaver.
Etymology: < flavour n.
1.
a. intransitive. To be odorous, savour, smell. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > [verb (intransitive)]
stinkc725
steamOE
smellc1175
smakec1315
savoura1400
taragec1407
flavourc1425
scentc1460
breathea1500
smell1526
c1425 Wyntoun Cron. viii. viii. 16 Wyth Spycery welle savorand, And of kynd welle flevorand Ðat ilke Hart..Scho bawmyd.
b. To have the flavour of, to savour.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > render similar to [verb (transitive)] > have a touch of or show traces of
soundc1340
soundc1380
soundc1449
savour1574
attingea1639
flavour1887
1887 ‘M. Corelli’ Thelma i. xii A strange sickening sense of unrest that flavoured of despair.
1897 Westm. Gaz. 4 Mar. 3/3 Though they flavour more of antiquity and the early Victorian era than of novelty.
2. To give flavour, taste, or scent to; to season; in first quot. †to make to ‘smell’ warm.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > [verb (transitive)]
breathe1532
flavour1542
season1559
smellc1595
resent1602
stop1607
fling1637
tinge1690
savour1832
odorize1857
steam1861
the mind > language > malediction > [verb (transitive)] > swear or use profanity
waryc1000
spew?c1225
flavour1542
vomit1592
spawl1640
cuss1831
explete1902
adjective1906
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > seasoning > season [verb (transitive)]
savourc1384
seasonc1400
condimentc1420
powder?c1425
saucea1438
pointa1450
tastea1577
palate1610
scent1655
condite1657
zest1705
kitchen1720
dress1795
flavour1830
to zing up1953
zap1979
1542 A. Borde Compend. Regyment Helth viii. sig. E.i Flauour the insyde of them [sc. hose] agaynst the fyre.
1736 N. Bailey et al. Dictionarium Britannicum (ed. 2) To Flavour, to give any thing a flavour or good scent.
1830 M. Donovan Domest. Econ. I. i. 23 Some of their wines were flavoured with a kind of pitch.
1873 H. B. Tristram Land of Moab xiii. 241 The water only slightly flavoured our tea.
figurative.1883 S. C. Hall Retrospect Long Life I. 66 Oaths..flavoured every third sentence that was uttered on board ship.
3. To try the flavour of; to taste. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > taste and flavour > [verb (transitive)] > test by tasting
assay1377
tastea1400
to taste ofa1400
saya1450
cun1493
essay1598
palate1609
pree1680
flavour1823
taste-test1979
1823 C. Lamb Let. 17 Sept. (1935) II. 399 Yours is the delicatest..melting piece I ever flavoured.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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