whitewashn.

Brit.

/ˈwʌɪtwɒʃ/, U.S.

/ˈ(h)waɪtˌwɔʃ/,

/ˈ(h)waɪtˌwɑʃ/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: white adj., wash n.

Etymology: < white adj. + wash n. Compare whitewash v. With sense 1 compare later wash n. 4d; with sense 2 compare slightly earlier wash n. 3b.In sense 6 after scientific Latin lotio alba (1898 or earlier in this sense: see quot. 1898).

1. A preparation of a powdered white mineral substance in water, used for whitening walls and ceilings and as a protective coating for the bark of trees, typically containing slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) or powdered chalk (or both), often with size or other ingredients.Lime gradually cures in air to produce a hard layer of calcite. Cf. lime-wash n. and vb. (a) at lime n.¹ Compounds 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > painting or coating materials > [adjective] > types of paint

whitewash?1584

lean1934

Day-Glo1944

the world > matter > colour > named colours > white or whiteness > whitener > [noun] > whitewash

white limec1300

whitewash?1584

lime?1593

lime-wash1823

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > painting or coating materials > [noun] > paint > types of

whitewash?1584

rough stuff1841

enamel paint1865

tempera1883

surfacer1885

Bitumastic1889

plastic paint1925

spray-paint1928

emulsion paint1939

Snowcem1939

Day-Glo1944

Artex1952

latex1954

matt1977

the world > matter > colour > named colours > white or whiteness > whitening > [adjective] > whitened with specific substance > relating to whiting

whitewash?1584

?1584 Def. Mynisters Kent in A. Peel Seconde Parte Reg. (1915) I. 239 To deface a monument of superstition, to put away a font case, coloured..and pictured..with the 7 popish sacraments,..these things being slubbered over with a white wash that in an houre may be undone.

1677 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Oxford-shire 35 But in aqua fortis, the Sommerton crust was wholly dissolved into a white substance, not unlike the white wash used by Plaisterers.

1697 J. Vanbrugh Relapse v. 97 A little Glasing, Painting, Whitewash and Playster, will make it [sc. the house] last thy time.

1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 161. ⁋4 The Plaisterer having..obliterated, by his White-wash, all the smoky Memorials which former Tenants had left upon the Cieling.

1776 G. Semple Treat. Building in Water 81 A Peck of Roach~lime was slacked into White-wash.

1853 E. C. Gaskell Cranford xv A wholesome smell of plaster and whitewash pervaded the apartment.

1883 Cent. Mag. Mar. 670/1 Repeated fires have destroyed many of the most valuable frescoes, and many others have been ruthlessly covered up by whitewash.

1918 Pop. Sci. Monthly Jan. 153/1 The addition of a solution of alum to whitewash is recommended as a means to prevent the rubbing off of the whitewash.

1972 Y. Lovelock Veg. Bk. ii. 269 Their taste and smell is..disagreeable, but this is lost after they have been soaked in whitewash (i.e. milk of lime).

2004 R. S. Sennott Encycl. 20th Cent. Archit. II. 576 The lime whitewash has to be reapplied every two to three years.

2. A cosmetic preparation used to make the skin look lighter. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the skin or complexion > [noun] > preparations for the skin or complexion > paints or colours

tincturec1400

popping?c1450

ceruse1519

fard1540

parget1593

fucus1600

paint1600

blanch1601

complexion1601

priming colour1616

complexion-maker1619

whitewash1649

blanc1764

blusher1965

1649 Duke of Newcastle Varietie ii. i. 13 in Country Captaine Your red leather is for Countrey Wenches, your white wash, or Spanish Fucus is the best.

a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Sussex 98 Talk (in Latine Talchum)..maketh a curious White wash.

1689 Several Disc. Vanities Modish Women 175 Her Bottles of White-washes, or Cosmeticks.

1713 J. Addison in Guardian 24 July 1/1 I have heard a whole Sermon against a White-wash.

a1771 T. Gray Jemmy Twitcher in Gentleman's Mag. (1782) 39 When sly Jemmy Twitcher had smugg'd up his face, With a lick of court white-wash,..A wooing he went.

1890 Frank Leslie's Pop. Monthly Dec. 763/1 Face Bleach..does not show as a whitewash, nor give you a whitewashed look.

2003 D. Davis Strapless 52 Many how-to writers..offered recipes for ‘white-washes’ that would give skin a look of milky perfection.

a. figurative and in figurative contexts. Something used to conceal faults or errors, or to provide an appearance of honesty, respectability, rectitude, etc. Cf. whitewash v. 3a.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > dissimulation, pretence > semblance, outward show > [noun]

hue971

glozea1300

showingc1300

coloura1325

illusionc1340

frontc1374

simulationc1380

visage1390

cheera1393

sign?a1425

countenance?c1425

study?c1430

cloak1526

false colour1531

visure1531

face1542

masquery?1544

show1547

gloss1548

glass1552

affectation1561

colourableness1571

fashion1571

personage?1571

ostentation1607

disguise1632

lustrementa1641

grimace1655

varnish1662

masquerade1674

guisea1677

whitewash1730

varnish1743

maya1789

vraisemblance1802

Japan1856

veneering1865

veneer1868

affectedness1873

candy coating1885

simulance1885

window dressing1903

society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > immunity or exemption from liability > excuse > [noun] > offering an excuse > extenuation > that which

whitewash1730

1730 Visct. Bolingbroke Occas. Writer 6 They write with a Trowel; and..lay on their White-Wash so very thick, that not the least Spot or Flaw is to be found in your Character.

1758 M.-A. Pillement Hist. Marchioness de Pompadour I. 105 Instead of one bishop of that church she might now have had twenty to give her the white-wash of absolution.

1865 W. G. Palgrave Narr. Journey through Arabia II. 21 Such liberal semblance is merely a surface whitewash.

1883 Fortn. Rev. Feb. 284 Washed white with the whitewash of diplomacy.

1952 J. Lait & L. Mortimer U.S.A. Confidential p. ix From them we would get nothing but alibis and whitewash and invitations to see the nice new waterworks.

2001 Sun 27 Jan. 8/5 His inquiry must not be an opportunity for Labour to slap whitewash all over itself.

b. An act or instance of clearing a person of liability for debts, esp. by judicial declaration of bankruptcy.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > winning, losing, or scoring > [noun] > winning or win

winningc1330

lurchingc1350

lurch1598

whitewash1834

win1862

whitewash1866

romp1919

upset1921

sweep1960

society > trade and finance > management of money > insolvency > [noun] > bankruptcy > appointee administering property of bankrupt > clearing of debt liability

whitewashing1762

whitewash1834

1834 Fraser's Mag. May 576/1 When an accumulation of debts presses them hard, and they can no longer resist the law, they take the benefit of a whitewash, and at it again.

1851 J. Henderson Excurs. New S. Wales I. 64 When once in a twelvemonth your agent goes smash, And bolts to New Zealand, or gets a whitewash.

1909 Domest. Engin. 20 Mar. 332/2 The whitewash of a bankruptcy court, would permit him to start over again.

c. An act or instance of whitewashing (whitewashing n. 2b); esp. a report or investigation that conceals or ignores unpleasant, incriminating, or inconvenient facts.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > dissimulation, pretence > semblance, outward show > [noun] > creating fair appearance

colouring?1435

cloaking1513

disguising1587

varnishment1593

fucation1612

artinga1620

veneering1808

duffing1826

whitewash1882

window dressing1903

1882 Amer. Engineer 20 Oct. 192/1 The investigation has been limited to the period since 1874. Since most of the failure of duty..is said to have occurred before 1874, it seems very like a determined attempt to procure a whitewash.

1920 Westm. Gaz. 22 May 2/2 The Report is a fairly comprehensive whitewash of everybody concerned.

1972 Ski Oct. 148/2 The in-house ecological study done by the Forest Service to justify clearcutting..was a whitewash.

2004 Times Lit. Suppl. 26 Nov. 11/1 The book is no whitewash: all the atrocities are there.

†4. slang. White wine, esp. sherry or Madeira, taken after dinner; a glass of this. Cf. whitewasher n. 3. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > wine > fortified wine, Madeira wine, and sack > [noun] > sherry > glass of sherry

whitewash1853

sherry1924

1853 Chambers's Edinb. Jrnl. 22 Oct. 258/2 Shall I pull my second last bottle of Thirty-four Claret for you? Or will you take a white wash of the Ambassador?

1864 J. C. Hotten Slang Dict. (new ed.) 270 Whitewash, a glass of sherry as a finale, after drinking port and claret.

1879 A. Trollope John Caldigate III. x. 142 ‘Take another glass of port, old boy.’ Bagwax did take another glass, finishing the bottle... ‘Take a drop of whitewash to wind up, and then we'll join the ladies.’

5. colloquial (originally Baseball). A victory in a sports match or series in which the losing side or opponent fails to score. Also occasionally: a victory by a very large margin.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > winning, losing, or scoring > [noun] > winning or win

winningc1330

lurchingc1350

lurch1598

whitewash1834

win1862

whitewash1866

romp1919

upset1921

sweep1960

1866 North-West (Freeport, Illinois) 12 July 2/5 The fourth inning again witnessed a ‘whitewash’ for the Cream City, the Julian scoring one.

1874 State Jrnl. (Lincoln, Nebraska) 26 June 4/1 The second match game of croquet took place yesterday morning, and resulted in a second whitewash for the latter named gentleman.

1962 Times 26 May 3/5 England nearly scored a whitewash over France..only the victory of G. Mourgue d'Algue standing between them and a 12–0 lead on the first day.

1978 Rugby World Apr. 4/1 Scotland must be bitterly disappointed that they have suffered their first whitewash for ten years.

2014 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 18 Jan. (Sport section) 13 England now face a tough last three matches of this one-day series and it could end up as another 5–0 series whitewash.

6. Any of several medicinal lotions used in the treatment of skin diseases, typically consisting of an aqueous solution of various compounds of zinc, sulphur, and (less commonly) lead. Now rare or disused.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines of specific form > lotion or bath > [noun] > specific

lyea700

eye-water?1593

mouth-water1598

arquebusade1739

eye lotion1797

black wash1805

mouthwash1806

bloodbath1834

starch bath1836

sulphur bath1843

whitewash1897

wax bath1916

1897 T. M. Griffiths Non-secret Formulas 117/1 White Wash... Potassii sulphuret., Zinci sulphat..aa. 1 dram. Aquae..4 ounces. Dissolve each in two ounces water and mix.

1898 Amer. Druggist & Pharmaceut. Rec. 32 190/1 Lotio Alba. White Wash.

1916 Pharmaceut. Era 49 395/2 There is no official preparation under the title ‘lotio alba’, but in some of the hospitals in New York the following preparation is dispensed under the name given (lotio alba), also ‘white wash’ or ‘white lotion’.

Compounds

C1. General attributive and objective.

ΚΠ

1757 G. Washington Let. 26 May in Papers (1984) IV. 165 Necessaries wanted for the public works..1 dozen white-wash-brushes.

1824 Lancet 25 Sept. 408/1 You should..put over the wound..a cold white-wash poultice.

1887 J. J. Hissey Holiday on Road 26 Art-ignoring, whitewash-loving churchwardens.

1988 Squash Player Internat. May 13/2 Pakistan, with a whitewash victory over Scotland, and England with a similar scoreline against Finland, unavoidably met in the semi-finals.

1989 S. Bellow Bellarosa Connection 25 To see him as he was, you have to place him against the whitewash glare of Broadway in the wee hours.

1990 Gifts Internat. Nov. 2/2 (advt.) Wooden animals, birds and wall plaques painted in pastel whitewash tones with a limed finish.

2013 Star (S. Africa) (Nexis) 28 May 13 The ANC has done it again by releasing a whitewash report regarding the Gupta scandal.

C2.

whitewash gum n. Australian any of various gum trees with white bark, esp. the ghost gum Corymbia papuana.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > non-British trees or shrubs > Australasian trees > [noun] > eucalyptus trees

yellow box1662

gum tree1676

white gum tree1733

whip-stick1782

peppermint1790

red gum tree1790

red mahogany1798

white gum1798

box1801

blue gum1802

eucalyptus1809

box tree1819

black-butted gum1820

bloodwood1827

white ash1830

blackbutt1833

morrel1837

mountain ash1837

mallee scrub1845

apple gum1846

flooded gum1847

Moreton Bay ash1847

mallee1848

swamp gum1852

box-gum1855

manna gum1855

white top1856

river gum1860

grey box1861

woolly butt1862

marlock1863

fever tree1867

red ironbark1867

river white gum1867

karri1870

yellow jacket1876

eucalypt1877

yapunyah1878

coolibah1879

scribbly gum1883

forest mahogany1884

yellow jack1884

rose gum1885

Jimmy Low1887

nankeen gum1889

slaty gum1889

sugar-gum1889

apple box1890

Murray red gum1895

creek-gum1898

eucalyptian1901

forest red gum1904

river red gum1920

napunyah1921

whitewash gum1923

ghost gum1928

snow gum1928

Sydney blue gum1932

salmon gum1934

lapunyah1940

1923 Register (Adelaide) 20 Apr. 7/8 There were the snowy-white bark and limbs of the whitewash gum, and others with bark of a delicate salmon colour.

1944 World's News (Sydney) 22 July 19/3 The ghost gum (eucalyptus papuana), sometimes called the whitewash gum by inland dwellers, is perhaps the most beautiful of all Australian gumtrees.

1995 M. Jackson At Home in World 106 I sat in the stippled shade of a whitewash gum.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

whitewashv.

Brit.

/ˈwʌɪtwɒʃ/, U.S.

/ˈ(h)waɪtˌwɔʃ/,

/ˈ(h)waɪtˌwɑʃ/

Forms: see white adj. and n. and wash v.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly formed within English, by compounding. Partly formed within English, by conversion. Etymons: white adj., wash v.; whitewash n.

Etymology: Partly < white adj. + wash v., and partly < whitewash n.

†1. transitive. To make (fabric) lighter or whiter through a process that removes natural colour, impurities, or stains; to bleach. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > white or whiteness > whitening > make white [verb (transitive)] > bleach

bleachc1200

blanch?a1400

white?a1425

whiten1548

whitewash1576

to whiten up1808

overbleach1857

1576 G. Baker tr. C. Gesner Newe Jewell of Health ii. f. 98^v A fyne ypocrase bagge, made of pure Hollande, and whyte washed [L. bene mundo].

1604 F. T. Case is Altered sig. C3 The sheets white washed, and the pillowes sprinckled with rose water.

a1650 G. Boate Irelands Nat. Hist. (1652) xx. 154 The linnen which is dryed by a fire made of this last sort of Turf, getteth a foul colour, be it never so white washed.

a. transitive. To cover or coat (a wall, building, etc.) with whitewash (whitewash n. 1). Also intransitive.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > decorating and painting > decorate [verb (transitive)] > paint > paint with whitewash

white-limec1300

whiten?a1425

whitewash1591

wash1604

1591 R. Percyvall Bibliotheca Hispanica Dict. at Enxalvegar To white washe a house.

a1656 R. Vines Gods Drawing (1662) 332 When a man white-washes or paints an old house, it's a sign he means not to pull it down.

1678 J. Phillips tr. J.-B. Tavernier Indian Trav. i. xviii. 100 in tr. J.-B. Tavernier Six Voy. Little Heaps of Stones, which the Inhabitants of the next Villages are bound to white-wash from time to time.

1707 J. Stevens tr. F. de Quevedo Comical Wks. 382 She that white-washes her House, has a mind to lett it.

1780 W. Coxe Acct. Russ. Discov. 216 The houses are..plaistered and white-washed.

1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian vi, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. IV. 113 There were workmen..altering, repairing, scrubbing, painting, and white-washing.

1834 L. Ritchie Wanderings by Seine 104 To whitewash a church is, in our eyes, a profanity.

1925 L. E. H. Whitby Nurses' Handbk. Hygiene iv. 85 In good-class houses it is preferable to whitewash the ceiling and re-paper the room.

1992 J. McKenna Fallen 31 My father was busily whitewashing the wall.

b. transitive. To cover (the face, etc.) with make-up or a similar substance intended to make the skin look lighter. Cf. whitewash n. 2. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the skin or complexion > beautify (the skin or complexion) [verb (transitive)] > paint or colour

painta1382

farcec1400

farda1450

parget1581

complexion1612

surfle1633

cerusea1640

petre1656

lacquer1688

whitewasha1704

enamel1804

peachify1853

to mug up1859

highlight1935

a1704 T. Brown Legacy for Ladies (1705) 161 Female-Hippocrites..will be observ'd..laying out such large Sums of Time in new White-washing their Faces, that they will begin their Work in their Beds betimes in the Morning, and will not have ended their Diabolical Task, till a little before Dinner-time.

1776 C. Anstey Election Ball 29 Ye must stucco, and whitewash your Faces.

1837 T. T. Stoddart Angling Reminisc. iv. 58 They [sc. modern men] white-wash their faces, deeming it sage-like to look pale and spectral.

1912 C. N. Williamson & A. M. Williamson Guests of Hercules xvii. 298 She whitewashed her face and had strange eyes.

1985 Times of India 18 June 8/2 ‘Why do you whitewash your face like that?’ he queried. ‘It's just talcum powder,’ I muttered abashedly.

c. transitive. Chiefly poetic and literary. To cover or coat (an object, surface, etc.) with a white substance, as though with whitewash; (also) to flood (something) with white light. Often in passive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > white or whiteness > whitening > make white [verb (transitive)] > cover or coat with white

whiteOE

besnowa1000

whiten?a1425

oversnow1609

candya1612

whitewash1722

the world > matter > colour > named colours > white or whiteness > whitening > make white [verb (transitive)] > whiten with specific substance

limec1440

chalk1633

whitewash1722

lime-white1777

lime-wash1823

hearthstone1838

pipeclaya1839

white-stone1838

kalsomine1840

blanco1912

1722 S. Croxall tr. Æsop Fables cii. 175 A Jack-daw..white-wash'd his Feathers, and endeavouring to look as much like a Dove as he could, went and liv'd among them.

1828 D. M. Moir Life Mansie Wauch xxii. 326 Sharp frosty nights that left all the window-soles whitewashed over with frost-rind in the mornings.

1895 Scribner's Mag. Dec. 744 Over my head an electric light suddenly flared out and whitewashed the pavement at my feet.

1928 Reno (Nevada) Evening Gaz. 3 Nov. 8/8 The hills around the lake were whitewashed with snow.

1967 Camera Mar. 18/2 The first frost whitewashes the tired grass.

2003 D. E. Stuart Guaymas Chrons.: La Mandadera (2006) iii. 42 Thousands of pelicans nested there, their guano whitewashing the surrounding rock.

a. transitive. To conceal the faults or errors of; to free, or attempt to free, from blame; to provide with a semblance of honesty, respectability, rectitude, etc. Frequently with negative connotations.In quot. 1834: to accord (someone) the status of white (see white adj. 5a).

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > immunity or exemption from liability > excuse > excuse (a person or fault) [verb (transitive)] > extenuate

whiteOE

gloze1390

colourc1400

emplasterc1405

littlec1450

polish?c1450

daub1543

plaster1546

blanch1548

flatter1552

extenuate1570

alleviate1577

soothe1587

mincea1591

soothe1592

palliate1604

sweeten1635

rarefy1637

mitigate1651

glossa1656

whitewash1703

qualify1749

society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > immunity or exemption from liability > justification > justify [verb (transitive)] > exculpate

cleansea1000

skere?c1225

unwreea1250

spurge1303

sunyiea1325

disblamec1374

quita1400

whitena1400

emplasterc1405

declare1460

clear1481

absolve1496

purgea1530

free1560

clenge1592

disculp1602

uncharge1604

exonerate1655

exculpate1656

wash1659

excriminate1661

to wipe the mouth of1687

disculpate1693

whitewash1703

rehabilitate1847

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > dissimulation, pretence > semblance, outward show > present speciously [verb (transitive)] > improve appearance

paintc1390

set1540

daub1543

plaster1546

varnish1571

to gild over1574

adorn1589

parget1592

glaze1605

apparel1615

pranka1616

lustre1627

candidate1628

varnish1641

lacquer1688

whitewash1703

tinsel1748

duff1750

fineer1765

veneer1847

superficialize1851

gloss1879

window dress1913

beglamour1926

sportswash2012

1703 W. Freke Lingua Tersancta xvi. 106 White-washing it, attempts of Gain by Deceit.

1740 Laureat ii. 20 It is too much thus to flatly white-wash thy self.

1763 St. James's Chron. 19 Feb. 4/1 Such as are blackened in the North Briton are..whitewashed in the Auditor.

1809 F. J. Jackson Let. Mar. in Lady Jackson Bath Archives (1873) I. 36 To be entirely exonerated from all blame, or—in the familiar language of the day—to be whitewashed.

1834 F. Marryat Peter Simple II. xii. 196 A quadroon and white make the mustee or one eighth black, and the mustee and white the mustafina, or one-sixteenth black. After that, they are white-washed, and considered as Europeans.

a1845 R. H. Barham House-warming!! in Ingoldsby Legends (1847) 3rd Ser. 299 Snore Hill (which we have since whitewashed to Snow).

1916 M. Sinclair Belfry vi. 126 Even while I whitewashed him..I could not extend a Christian forgiveness and forbearance to Jevons.

1985 G. Lyall Crocus List xxxvi. 244 There isn't a committee in Whitehall that can whitewash this lot away.

2002 S. Kelley Racializing Jesus (2005) iv. 93 Wolin implies that Derrida is guilty of whitewashing the crimes of Nazism.

b. transitive. To clear (a person) from liability for his or her debts, esp. by judicial declaration of bankruptcy; to write off (a debt, etc.). Also intransitive: to go through the bankruptcy court. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > management of money > insolvency > [verb (transitive)] > clear debt liability

whitewash1761

1761 Whitehall Evening-post 31 Oct.–3 Nov. There are three Men who infest the Deptford Road, two of which are known to have been lately whitewashed; they all live in a genteel Manner..though they appear to have no visible Way of getting their Livelihood.

1776 S. Foote Bankrupt ii. 37 Pass'd a few necessary notes to get him number and value, white-wash'd him, and sent him home.

1819 Sporting Mag. New Ser. 4 30 Two baronets' sons pleading to be white-washed, but remanded for fraud towards their creditors.

1832 P. Egan Bk. Sports 99/2 The unthinking dashing sparks whitewash their long accounts for twist, tape, and buckram.

1843 W. M. Thackeray Ravenswing i, in Fraser's Mag. Apr. 470/2 If I'm dunned, I whitewash.

1912 Jrnl. Inst. Actuaries 46 256 It would be an improvement in the law to whitewash a man and give him power to resume his rights of citizenship and to trade.

1924 Manch. Guardian 30 Aug. 12/5 The proposed loan was iniquitous. It was akin to whitewashing a fraudulent bankrupt.

4. transitive. colloquial (originally Baseball). In a game or contest: to beat (an opponent) in such a way that he or she fails to score. Also occasionally: to beat by a very large margin.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > winning, losing, or scoring > win, lose, or score [verb (transitive)] > win > defeat

overplayc1460

smother1676

lurch1678

outplay1702

thrash1789

defeat1830

spreadeagle1832

thresh1852

whitewash1867

blank1870

annihilate1886

nip1893

slam1907

plaster1919

skittle1919

rip1927

maul1928

demolish1938

massacre1940

trounce1942

hammer1948

murder1952

to shut out1952

zilch1957

zip1964

trip1974

1867 Chicago Republican 6 July 2/6 The Unions were whitewashed 3 times, and the Forest Citys 5 times.

1884 Boston (Mass.) Jrnl. 2 Oct. 4 Buffalo Whitewashes Providence, and Philadelphia Detroit.

1972 Korea Times 19 Nov. 1/5 Husky south Korean girls white-washed Thailand 106–17..in the second game.

1981 R. Lewis Seek for Justice vi. 193 He took the first game [of darts]... He all but whitewashed Freddy in the second.

2013 Aberdeen Evening Express (Nexis) 25 Apr. 8 The Dons prepared for the European Cup Winners' Cup final in style by whitewashing Kilmarnock.

5. intransitive. Of bricks: to become coated with a white layer of salts; to undergo whitewashing (whitewashing n. 4). Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > pollution or defilement > be polluted [verb (intransitive)] > become incrusted or furred > of brick

whitewash1884

1884 C. T. Davis Pract. Treat. Manuf. Bricks 90 The bricks made from them [sc. clays on the Hudson River] usually ‘whitewash’ or ‘saltpetre’ upon exposure to the weather.

1893 Clay Rec. 2 35/2 I want to know in regard to bricks whitewashing in the building in different parts of the country where water does not come in contact with them.

1913 Official Rep. Twenty-seventh Ann. Convent. (National Brick Manufacturers' Assoc.) 145 ‘We have,’ say many clayworkers, ‘trouble with our brick whitewashing.’

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2015; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	whitewash
释义	whitewashn. Brit. /ˈwʌɪtwɒʃ/, U.S. /ˈ(h)waɪtˌwɔʃ/, /ˈ(h)waɪtˌwɑʃ/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: white adj., wash n. Etymology: < white adj. + wash n. Compare whitewash v. With sense 1 compare later wash n. 4d; with sense 2 compare slightly earlier wash n. 3b.In sense 6 after scientific Latin lotio alba (1898 or earlier in this sense: see quot. 1898). 1. A preparation of a powdered white mineral substance in water, used for whitening walls and ceilings and as a protective coating for the bark of trees, typically containing slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) or powdered chalk (or both), often with size or other ingredients.Lime gradually cures in air to produce a hard layer of calcite. Cf. lime-wash n. and vb. (a) at lime n.¹ Compounds 2. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > painting or coating materials > [adjective] > types of paint whitewash?1584 lean1934 Day-Glo1944 the world > matter > colour > named colours > white or whiteness > whitener > [noun] > whitewash white limec1300 whitewash?1584 lime?1593 lime-wash1823 society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > painting or coating materials > [noun] > paint > types of whitewash?1584 rough stuff1841 enamel paint1865 tempera1883 surfacer1885 Bitumastic1889 plastic paint1925 spray-paint1928 emulsion paint1939 Snowcem1939 Day-Glo1944 Artex1952 latex1954 matt1977 the world > matter > colour > named colours > white or whiteness > whitening > [adjective] > whitened with specific substance > relating to whiting whitewash?1584 ?1584 Def. Mynisters Kent in A. Peel Seconde Parte Reg. (1915) I. 239 To deface a monument of superstition, to put away a font case, coloured..and pictured..with the 7 popish sacraments,..these things being slubbered over with a white wash that in an houre may be undone. 1677 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Oxford-shire 35 But in aqua fortis, the Sommerton crust was wholly dissolved into a white substance, not unlike the white wash used by Plaisterers. 1697 J. Vanbrugh Relapse v. 97 A little Glasing, Painting, Whitewash and Playster, will make it [sc. the house] last thy time. 1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 161. ⁋4 The Plaisterer having..obliterated, by his White-wash, all the smoky Memorials which former Tenants had left upon the Cieling. 1776 G. Semple Treat. Building in Water 81 A Peck of Roach~lime was slacked into White-wash. 1853 E. C. Gaskell Cranford xv A wholesome smell of plaster and whitewash pervaded the apartment. 1883 Cent. Mag. Mar. 670/1 Repeated fires have destroyed many of the most valuable frescoes, and many others have been ruthlessly covered up by whitewash. 1918 Pop. Sci. Monthly Jan. 153/1 The addition of a solution of alum to whitewash is recommended as a means to prevent the rubbing off of the whitewash. 1972 Y. Lovelock Veg. Bk. ii. 269 Their taste and smell is..disagreeable, but this is lost after they have been soaked in whitewash (i.e. milk of lime). 2004 R. S. Sennott Encycl. 20th Cent. Archit. II. 576 The lime whitewash has to be reapplied every two to three years. 2. A cosmetic preparation used to make the skin look lighter. Now historical. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the skin or complexion > [noun] > preparations for the skin or complexion > paints or colours tincturec1400 popping?c1450 ceruse1519 fard1540 parget1593 fucus1600 paint1600 blanch1601 complexion1601 priming colour1616 complexion-maker1619 whitewash1649 blanc1764 blusher1965 1649 Duke of Newcastle Varietie ii. i. 13 in Country Captaine Your red leather is for Countrey Wenches, your white wash, or Spanish Fucus is the best. a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Sussex 98 Talk (in Latine Talchum)..maketh a curious White wash. 1689 Several Disc. Vanities Modish Women 175 Her Bottles of White-washes, or Cosmeticks. 1713 J. Addison in Guardian 24 July 1/1 I have heard a whole Sermon against a White-wash. a1771 T. Gray Jemmy Twitcher in Gentleman's Mag. (1782) 39 When sly Jemmy Twitcher had smugg'd up his face, With a lick of court white-wash,..A wooing he went. 1890 Frank Leslie's Pop. Monthly Dec. 763/1 Face Bleach..does not show as a whitewash, nor give you a whitewashed look. 2003 D. Davis Strapless 52 Many how-to writers..offered recipes for ‘white-washes’ that would give skin a look of milky perfection. 3. a. figurative and in figurative contexts. Something used to conceal faults or errors, or to provide an appearance of honesty, respectability, rectitude, etc. Cf. whitewash v. 3a. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > dissimulation, pretence > semblance, outward show > [noun] hue971 glozea1300 showingc1300 coloura1325 illusionc1340 frontc1374 simulationc1380 visage1390 cheera1393 sign?a1425 countenance?c1425 study?c1430 cloak1526 false colour1531 visure1531 face1542 masquery?1544 show1547 gloss1548 glass1552 affectation1561 colourableness1571 fashion1571 personage?1571 ostentation1607 disguise1632 lustrementa1641 grimace1655 varnish1662 masquerade1674 guisea1677 whitewash1730 varnish1743 maya1789 vraisemblance1802 Japan1856 veneering1865 veneer1868 affectedness1873 candy coating1885 simulance1885 window dressing1903 society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > immunity or exemption from liability > excuse > [noun] > offering an excuse > extenuation > that which whitewash1730 1730 Visct. Bolingbroke Occas. Writer 6 They write with a Trowel; and..lay on their White-Wash so very thick, that not the least Spot or Flaw is to be found in your Character. 1758 M.-A. Pillement Hist. Marchioness de Pompadour I. 105 Instead of one bishop of that church she might now have had twenty to give her the white-wash of absolution. 1865 W. G. Palgrave Narr. Journey through Arabia II. 21 Such liberal semblance is merely a surface whitewash. 1883 Fortn. Rev. Feb. 284 Washed white with the whitewash of diplomacy. 1952 J. Lait & L. Mortimer U.S.A. Confidential p. ix From them we would get nothing but alibis and whitewash and invitations to see the nice new waterworks. 2001 Sun 27 Jan. 8/5 His inquiry must not be an opportunity for Labour to slap whitewash all over itself. b. An act or instance of clearing a person of liability for debts, esp. by judicial declaration of bankruptcy. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > winning, losing, or scoring > [noun] > winning or win winningc1330 lurchingc1350 lurch1598 whitewash1834 win1862 whitewash1866 romp1919 upset1921 sweep1960 society > trade and finance > management of money > insolvency > [noun] > bankruptcy > appointee administering property of bankrupt > clearing of debt liability whitewashing1762 whitewash1834 1834 Fraser's Mag. May 576/1 When an accumulation of debts presses them hard, and they can no longer resist the law, they take the benefit of a whitewash, and at it again. 1851 J. Henderson Excurs. New S. Wales I. 64 When once in a twelvemonth your agent goes smash, And bolts to New Zealand, or gets a whitewash. 1909 Domest. Engin. 20 Mar. 332/2 The whitewash of a bankruptcy court, would permit him to start over again. c. An act or instance of whitewashing (whitewashing n. 2b); esp. a report or investigation that conceals or ignores unpleasant, incriminating, or inconvenient facts. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > dissimulation, pretence > semblance, outward show > [noun] > creating fair appearance colouring?1435 cloaking1513 disguising1587 varnishment1593 fucation1612 artinga1620 veneering1808 duffing1826 whitewash1882 window dressing1903 1882 Amer. Engineer 20 Oct. 192/1 The investigation has been limited to the period since 1874. Since most of the failure of duty..is said to have occurred before 1874, it seems very like a determined attempt to procure a whitewash. 1920 Westm. Gaz. 22 May 2/2 The Report is a fairly comprehensive whitewash of everybody concerned. 1972 Ski Oct. 148/2 The in-house ecological study done by the Forest Service to justify clearcutting..was a whitewash. 2004 Times Lit. Suppl. 26 Nov. 11/1 The book is no whitewash: all the atrocities are there. †4. slang. White wine, esp. sherry or Madeira, taken after dinner; a glass of this. Cf. whitewasher n. 3. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > wine > fortified wine, Madeira wine, and sack > [noun] > sherry > glass of sherry whitewash1853 sherry1924 1853 Chambers's Edinb. Jrnl. 22 Oct. 258/2 Shall I pull my second last bottle of Thirty-four Claret for you? Or will you take a white wash of the Ambassador? 1864 J. C. Hotten Slang Dict. (new ed.) 270 Whitewash, a glass of sherry as a finale, after drinking port and claret. 1879 A. Trollope John Caldigate III. x. 142 ‘Take another glass of port, old boy.’ Bagwax did take another glass, finishing the bottle... ‘Take a drop of whitewash to wind up, and then we'll join the ladies.’ 5. colloquial (originally Baseball). A victory in a sports match or series in which the losing side or opponent fails to score. Also occasionally: a victory by a very large margin. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > winning, losing, or scoring > [noun] > winning or win winningc1330 lurchingc1350 lurch1598 whitewash1834 win1862 whitewash1866 romp1919 upset1921 sweep1960 1866 North-West (Freeport, Illinois) 12 July 2/5 The fourth inning again witnessed a ‘whitewash’ for the Cream City, the Julian scoring one. 1874 State Jrnl. (Lincoln, Nebraska) 26 June 4/1 The second match game of croquet took place yesterday morning, and resulted in a second whitewash for the latter named gentleman. 1962 Times 26 May 3/5 England nearly scored a whitewash over France..only the victory of G. Mourgue d'Algue standing between them and a 12–0 lead on the first day. 1978 Rugby World Apr. 4/1 Scotland must be bitterly disappointed that they have suffered their first whitewash for ten years. 2014 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 18 Jan. (Sport section) 13 England now face a tough last three matches of this one-day series and it could end up as another 5–0 series whitewash. 6. Any of several medicinal lotions used in the treatment of skin diseases, typically consisting of an aqueous solution of various compounds of zinc, sulphur, and (less commonly) lead. Now rare or disused. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines of specific form > lotion or bath > [noun] > specific lyea700 eye-water?1593 mouth-water1598 arquebusade1739 eye lotion1797 black wash1805 mouthwash1806 bloodbath1834 starch bath1836 sulphur bath1843 whitewash1897 wax bath1916 1897 T. M. Griffiths Non-secret Formulas 117/1 White Wash... Potassii sulphuret., Zinci sulphat..aa. 1 dram. Aquae..4 ounces. Dissolve each in two ounces water and mix. 1898 Amer. Druggist & Pharmaceut. Rec. 32 190/1 Lotio Alba. White Wash. 1916 Pharmaceut. Era 49 395/2 There is no official preparation under the title ‘lotio alba’, but in some of the hospitals in New York the following preparation is dispensed under the name given (lotio alba), also ‘white wash’ or ‘white lotion’. Compounds C1. General attributive and objective. ΚΠ 1757 G. Washington Let. 26 May in Papers (1984) IV. 165 Necessaries wanted for the public works..1 dozen white-wash-brushes. 1824 Lancet 25 Sept. 408/1 You should..put over the wound..a cold white-wash poultice. 1887 J. J. Hissey Holiday on Road 26 Art-ignoring, whitewash-loving churchwardens. 1988 Squash Player Internat. May 13/2 Pakistan, with a whitewash victory over Scotland, and England with a similar scoreline against Finland, unavoidably met in the semi-finals. 1989 S. Bellow Bellarosa Connection 25 To see him as he was, you have to place him against the whitewash glare of Broadway in the wee hours. 1990 Gifts Internat. Nov. 2/2 (advt.) Wooden animals, birds and wall plaques painted in pastel whitewash tones with a limed finish. 2013 Star (S. Africa) (Nexis) 28 May 13 The ANC has done it again by releasing a whitewash report regarding the Gupta scandal. C2. whitewash gum n. Australian any of various gum trees with white bark, esp. the ghost gum Corymbia papuana. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > non-British trees or shrubs > Australasian trees > [noun] > eucalyptus trees yellow box1662 gum tree1676 white gum tree1733 whip-stick1782 peppermint1790 red gum tree1790 red mahogany1798 white gum1798 box1801 blue gum1802 eucalyptus1809 box tree1819 black-butted gum1820 bloodwood1827 white ash1830 blackbutt1833 morrel1837 mountain ash1837 mallee scrub1845 apple gum1846 flooded gum1847 Moreton Bay ash1847 mallee1848 swamp gum1852 box-gum1855 manna gum1855 white top1856 river gum1860 grey box1861 woolly butt1862 marlock1863 fever tree1867 red ironbark1867 river white gum1867 karri1870 yellow jacket1876 eucalypt1877 yapunyah1878 coolibah1879 scribbly gum1883 forest mahogany1884 yellow jack1884 rose gum1885 Jimmy Low1887 nankeen gum1889 slaty gum1889 sugar-gum1889 apple box1890 Murray red gum1895 creek-gum1898 eucalyptian1901 forest red gum1904 river red gum1920 napunyah1921 whitewash gum1923 ghost gum1928 snow gum1928 Sydney blue gum1932 salmon gum1934 lapunyah1940 1923 Register (Adelaide) 20 Apr. 7/8 There were the snowy-white bark and limbs of the whitewash gum, and others with bark of a delicate salmon colour. 1944 World's News (Sydney) 22 July 19/3 The ghost gum (eucalyptus papuana), sometimes called the whitewash gum by inland dwellers, is perhaps the most beautiful of all Australian gumtrees. 1995 M. Jackson At Home in World 106 I sat in the stippled shade of a whitewash gum. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022). whitewashv. Brit. /ˈwʌɪtwɒʃ/, U.S. /ˈ(h)waɪtˌwɔʃ/, /ˈ(h)waɪtˌwɑʃ/ Forms: see white adj. and n. and wash v. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly formed within English, by compounding. Partly formed within English, by conversion. Etymons: white adj., wash v.; whitewash n. Etymology: Partly < white adj. + wash v., and partly < whitewash n. †1. transitive. To make (fabric) lighter or whiter through a process that removes natural colour, impurities, or stains; to bleach. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > white or whiteness > whitening > make white [verb (transitive)] > bleach bleachc1200 blanch?a1400 white?a1425 whiten1548 whitewash1576 to whiten up1808 overbleach1857 1576 G. Baker tr. C. Gesner Newe Jewell of Health ii. f. 98^v A fyne ypocrase bagge, made of pure Hollande, and whyte washed [L. bene mundo]. 1604 F. T. Case is Altered sig. C3 The sheets white washed, and the pillowes sprinckled with rose water. a1650 G. Boate Irelands Nat. Hist. (1652) xx. 154 The linnen which is dryed by a fire made of this last sort of Turf, getteth a foul colour, be it never so white washed. 2. a. transitive. To cover or coat (a wall, building, etc.) with whitewash (whitewash n. 1). Also intransitive. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > decorating and painting > decorate [verb (transitive)] > paint > paint with whitewash white-limec1300 whiten?a1425 whitewash1591 wash1604 1591 R. Percyvall Bibliotheca Hispanica Dict. at Enxalvegar To white washe a house. a1656 R. Vines Gods Drawing (1662) 332 When a man white-washes or paints an old house, it's a sign he means not to pull it down. 1678 J. Phillips tr. J.-B. Tavernier Indian Trav. i. xviii. 100 in tr. J.-B. Tavernier Six Voy. Little Heaps of Stones, which the Inhabitants of the next Villages are bound to white-wash from time to time. 1707 J. Stevens tr. F. de Quevedo Comical Wks. 382 She that white-washes her House, has a mind to lett it. 1780 W. Coxe Acct. Russ. Discov. 216 The houses are..plaistered and white-washed. 1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian vi, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. IV. 113 There were workmen..altering, repairing, scrubbing, painting, and white-washing. 1834 L. Ritchie Wanderings by Seine 104 To whitewash a church is, in our eyes, a profanity. 1925 L. E. H. Whitby Nurses' Handbk. Hygiene iv. 85 In good-class houses it is preferable to whitewash the ceiling and re-paper the room. 1992 J. McKenna Fallen 31 My father was busily whitewashing the wall. b. transitive. To cover (the face, etc.) with make-up or a similar substance intended to make the skin look lighter. Cf. whitewash n. 2. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the skin or complexion > beautify (the skin or complexion) [verb (transitive)] > paint or colour painta1382 farcec1400 farda1450 parget1581 complexion1612 surfle1633 cerusea1640 petre1656 lacquer1688 whitewasha1704 enamel1804 peachify1853 to mug up1859 highlight1935 a1704 T. Brown Legacy for Ladies (1705) 161 Female-Hippocrites..will be observ'd..laying out such large Sums of Time in new White-washing their Faces, that they will begin their Work in their Beds betimes in the Morning, and will not have ended their Diabolical Task, till a little before Dinner-time. 1776 C. Anstey Election Ball 29 Ye must stucco, and whitewash your Faces. 1837 T. T. Stoddart Angling Reminisc. iv. 58 They [sc. modern men] white-wash their faces, deeming it sage-like to look pale and spectral. 1912 C. N. Williamson & A. M. Williamson Guests of Hercules xvii. 298 She whitewashed her face and had strange eyes. 1985 Times of India 18 June 8/2 ‘Why do you whitewash your face like that?’ he queried. ‘It's just talcum powder,’ I muttered abashedly. c. transitive. Chiefly poetic and literary. To cover or coat (an object, surface, etc.) with a white substance, as though with whitewash; (also) to flood (something) with white light. Often in passive. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > white or whiteness > whitening > make white [verb (transitive)] > cover or coat with white whiteOE besnowa1000 whiten?a1425 oversnow1609 candya1612 whitewash1722 the world > matter > colour > named colours > white or whiteness > whitening > make white [verb (transitive)] > whiten with specific substance limec1440 chalk1633 whitewash1722 lime-white1777 lime-wash1823 hearthstone1838 pipeclaya1839 white-stone1838 kalsomine1840 blanco1912 1722 S. Croxall tr. Æsop Fables cii. 175 A Jack-daw..white-wash'd his Feathers, and endeavouring to look as much like a Dove as he could, went and liv'd among them. 1828 D. M. Moir Life Mansie Wauch xxii. 326 Sharp frosty nights that left all the window-soles whitewashed over with frost-rind in the mornings. 1895 Scribner's Mag. Dec. 744 Over my head an electric light suddenly flared out and whitewashed the pavement at my feet. 1928 Reno (Nevada) Evening Gaz. 3 Nov. 8/8 The hills around the lake were whitewashed with snow. 1967 Camera Mar. 18/2 The first frost whitewashes the tired grass. 2003 D. E. Stuart Guaymas Chrons.: La Mandadera (2006) iii. 42 Thousands of pelicans nested there, their guano whitewashing the surrounding rock. 3. a. transitive. To conceal the faults or errors of; to free, or attempt to free, from blame; to provide with a semblance of honesty, respectability, rectitude, etc. Frequently with negative connotations.In quot. 1834: to accord (someone) the status of white (see white adj. 5a). ΘΚΠ society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > immunity or exemption from liability > excuse > excuse (a person or fault) [verb (transitive)] > extenuate whiteOE gloze1390 colourc1400 emplasterc1405 littlec1450 polish?c1450 daub1543 plaster1546 blanch1548 flatter1552 extenuate1570 alleviate1577 soothe1587 mincea1591 soothe1592 palliate1604 sweeten1635 rarefy1637 mitigate1651 glossa1656 whitewash1703 qualify1749 society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > immunity or exemption from liability > justification > justify [verb (transitive)] > exculpate cleansea1000 skere?c1225 unwreea1250 spurge1303 sunyiea1325 disblamec1374 quita1400 whitena1400 emplasterc1405 declare1460 clear1481 absolve1496 purgea1530 free1560 clenge1592 disculp1602 uncharge1604 exonerate1655 exculpate1656 wash1659 excriminate1661 to wipe the mouth of1687 disculpate1693 whitewash1703 rehabilitate1847 the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > dissimulation, pretence > semblance, outward show > present speciously [verb (transitive)] > improve appearance paintc1390 set1540 daub1543 plaster1546 varnish1571 to gild over1574 adorn1589 parget1592 glaze1605 apparel1615 pranka1616 lustre1627 candidate1628 varnish1641 lacquer1688 whitewash1703 tinsel1748 duff1750 fineer1765 veneer1847 superficialize1851 gloss1879 window dress1913 beglamour1926 sportswash2012 1703 W. Freke Lingua Tersancta xvi. 106 White-washing it, attempts of Gain by Deceit. 1740 Laureat ii. 20 It is too much thus to flatly white-wash thy self. 1763 St. James's Chron. 19 Feb. 4/1 Such as are blackened in the North Briton are..whitewashed in the Auditor. 1809 F. J. Jackson Let. Mar. in Lady Jackson Bath Archives (1873) I. 36 To be entirely exonerated from all blame, or—in the familiar language of the day—to be whitewashed. 1834 F. Marryat Peter Simple II. xii. 196 A quadroon and white make the mustee or one eighth black, and the mustee and white the mustafina, or one-sixteenth black. After that, they are white-washed, and considered as Europeans. a1845 R. H. Barham House-warming!! in Ingoldsby Legends (1847) 3rd Ser. 299 Snore Hill (which we have since whitewashed to Snow). 1916 M. Sinclair Belfry vi. 126 Even while I whitewashed him..I could not extend a Christian forgiveness and forbearance to Jevons. 1985 G. Lyall Crocus List xxxvi. 244 There isn't a committee in Whitehall that can whitewash this lot away. 2002 S. Kelley Racializing Jesus (2005) iv. 93 Wolin implies that Derrida is guilty of whitewashing the crimes of Nazism. b. transitive. To clear (a person) from liability for his or her debts, esp. by judicial declaration of bankruptcy; to write off (a debt, etc.). Also intransitive: to go through the bankruptcy court. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > management of money > insolvency > [verb (transitive)] > clear debt liability whitewash1761 1761 Whitehall Evening-post 31 Oct.–3 Nov. There are three Men who infest the Deptford Road, two of which are known to have been lately whitewashed; they all live in a genteel Manner..though they appear to have no visible Way of getting their Livelihood. 1776 S. Foote Bankrupt ii. 37 Pass'd a few necessary notes to get him number and value, white-wash'd him, and sent him home. 1819 Sporting Mag. New Ser. 4 30 Two baronets' sons pleading to be white-washed, but remanded for fraud towards their creditors. 1832 P. Egan Bk. Sports 99/2 The unthinking dashing sparks whitewash their long accounts for twist, tape, and buckram. 1843 W. M. Thackeray Ravenswing i, in Fraser's Mag. Apr. 470/2 If I'm dunned, I whitewash. 1912 Jrnl. Inst. Actuaries 46 256 It would be an improvement in the law to whitewash a man and give him power to resume his rights of citizenship and to trade. 1924 Manch. Guardian 30 Aug. 12/5 The proposed loan was iniquitous. It was akin to whitewashing a fraudulent bankrupt. 4. transitive. colloquial (originally Baseball). In a game or contest: to beat (an opponent) in such a way that he or she fails to score. Also occasionally: to beat by a very large margin. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > winning, losing, or scoring > win, lose, or score [verb (transitive)] > win > defeat overplayc1460 smother1676 lurch1678 outplay1702 thrash1789 defeat1830 spreadeagle1832 thresh1852 whitewash1867 blank1870 annihilate1886 nip1893 slam1907 plaster1919 skittle1919 rip1927 maul1928 demolish1938 massacre1940 trounce1942 hammer1948 murder1952 to shut out1952 zilch1957 zip1964 trip1974 1867 Chicago Republican 6 July 2/6 The Unions were whitewashed 3 times, and the Forest Citys 5 times. 1884 Boston (Mass.) Jrnl. 2 Oct. 4 Buffalo Whitewashes Providence, and Philadelphia Detroit. 1972 Korea Times 19 Nov. 1/5 Husky south Korean girls white-washed Thailand 106–17..in the second game. 1981 R. Lewis Seek for Justice vi. 193 He took the first game [of darts]... He all but whitewashed Freddy in the second. 2013 Aberdeen Evening Express (Nexis) 25 Apr. 8 The Dons prepared for the European Cup Winners' Cup final in style by whitewashing Kilmarnock. 5. intransitive. Of bricks: to become coated with a white layer of salts; to undergo whitewashing (whitewashing n. 4). Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > pollution or defilement > be polluted [verb (intransitive)] > become incrusted or furred > of brick whitewash1884 1884 C. T. Davis Pract. Treat. Manuf. Bricks 90 The bricks made from them [sc. clays on the Hudson River] usually ‘whitewash’ or ‘saltpetre’ upon exposure to the weather. 1893 Clay Rec. 2 35/2 I want to know in regard to bricks whitewashing in the building in different parts of the country where water does not come in contact with them. 1913 Official Rep. Twenty-seventh Ann. Convent. (National Brick Manufacturers' Assoc.) 145 ‘We have,’ say many clayworkers, ‘trouble with our brick whitewashing.’ This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2015; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.?1584v.1576
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