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单词 retardate
释义

retardaten.adj.2

Brit. /rᵻˈtɑːdeɪt/, /ˈriːtɑːdeɪt/, U.S. /rəˈtɑrˌdeɪt/, /riˈtɑrˌdeɪt/, /ˈritɑrˌdeɪt/
Origin: Either (i) a borrowing from Latin. Or (ii) formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: Latin retardātus , retardāre ; retard v., -ate suffix1.
Etymology: Either < classical Latin retardātus, past participle of retardāre retard v., or < retard v. + -ate suffix1. Compare slightly earlier retard n. 4, and also retardate adj.1
Chiefly North American.Now frequently avoided, esp. in technical contexts, as potentially offensive.
A. n.
A person who is retarded (retarded adj. 2); spec. a person diagnosed with learning difficulties or a mental disability. Cf. retard n. 4.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > mental deficiency > [noun] > person
congeonc1285
idiota1400
foola1425
natural foolc1450
natural idiot1497
natural1533
changeling1577
weakling1577
mooncalf1586
slimslack1600
aufe1621
oaf1638
weak-wit1656
underwit1682
imbecile1830
ament1871
unfortunate1881
balmy1903
subnormal1905
deficient1906
retard1909
retardate1912
retarded1912
mopoke1946
retardee1956
mong1980
1912 Jrnl. Philos., Psychol. & Sci. Methods 9 298 According to the best estimates there are 6,000,000 retardates in the public schools of the country.
1916 L. M. Terman Measurem. of Intelligence 12 Taking the country over, the ratio of ‘accelerates’ to ‘retardates’ in the school is approximately 1 to 10.
1956 Amer. Jrnl. Mental Deficiency Jan. 531/1 That promotions to supervisory capacity are within reach of some retardates is demonstrated on Table VI.
1974 E. Bowen Henry & Other Heroes vii. 138 I did the same genially witless things with Aunt Ernesta that I did with them—and that I still do if I can find a fellow retardate.
1980 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 29 Mar. 930/2 The mentally deficient (call them mentally subnormal, retarded or ‘retardates’, if you must) have legitimate rights.
1982 Assoc. Press (Nexis) 5 Oct. The men stand in the postures of social retardates.
1992 Time 20 Jan. 58/1 When they hire a handyman, he is (as they might prefer to put it) ‘differently abled’—a sweet-souled retardate.
B. adj.2
Of or designating a retardate. Also (derogatory slang): stupid, idiotic. Cf. retarded adj. 2.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > stupidity, dullness of intellect > [adjective]
sloweOE
stuntc960
dullOE
hardOE
stuntlyc1000
sotc1050
dillc1175
dulta1225
simplea1325
heavy1340
astonedc1374
sheepishc1380
dull-witteda1387
lourd1390
steerishc1411
ass-likea1425
brainless?a1439
deafc1440
sluggishc1450
short-witted1477
obtuse1509
peakish1519
wearish1519
deaf, or dumb as a beetle1520
doileda1522
gross1526
headlessa1530
stulty1532
ass-headed1533
pot-headed1533
stupid?1541
sheep's head1542
doltish1543
dumpish1545
assish1548
blockish1548
slow-witted1548
blockheaded1549
surd1551
dull-headed1552
hammer-headed1552
skit-brained?1553
buzzardly1561
witless1562
log-headeda1566
assy1566
sottish1566
dastardly1567
stupidious1567
beetle-headed1570
calvish1570
bluntish1578
cod's-headed1578
grout-headed1578
bedaft1579
dull-pated1580
blate1581
buzzard-like1581
long-eared1582
dullard1583
woodena1586
duncical1588
leaden-headed1589
buzzard1592
dorbellical1592
dunstical1592
heavy-headeda1593
shallow-brained1592
blunt-witted1594
mossy1597
Bœotian1598
clay-brained1598
fat1598
fat-witted1598
knotty-pated1598
stupidous1598
wit-lost1599
barren1600
duncifiedc1600
lourdish1600
stockish1600
thick1600
booby1603
leaden-pated1603
partless1603
thin-headed1603
leaden-skulledc1604
blockhead1606
frost-brained1606
ram-headed1608
beef-witted1609
insulse1609
leaden-spirited1609
asininec1610
clumse1611
blockheadly1612
wattle-headed1613
flata1616
logger-headeda1616
puppy-headeda1616
shallow-patedc1616
thick-brained1619
half-headed1621
buzzard-blinda1625
beef-brained1628
toom-headed1629
thick-witted1634
woollen-witted1635
squirrel-headed1637
clod-pated1639
lean-souled1639
muddy-headed1642
leaden-witteda1645
as sad as any mallet1645
under-headed1646
fat-headed1647
half-witted1647
insipid1651
insulsate1652
soft-headed1653
thick-skulleda1657
muddish1658
non-intelligent1659
whey-brained1660
sap-headed1665
timber-headed1666
leather-headeda1668
out of (one's) tree1669
boobily1673
thoughtless1673
lourdly1674
logger1675
unintelligenta1676
Bœotic1678
chicken-brained1678
under-witted1683
loggerhead1684
dunderheaded1692
unintelligible1694
buffle-headed1697
crassicc1700
numbskulled1707
crassous1708
doddy-polled1708
haggis-headed1715
niddy-noddy1722
muzzy1723
pudding-headed1726
sumphish1728
pitcher-souleda1739
duncey1743
hebete1743
chuckheaded1756
dumb1756
duncely1757
imbecile1766
mutton-headed1768
chuckle-headed1770
jobbernowl1770
dowfarta1774
boobyish1778
wittol1780
staumrel1787
opaquec1789
stoopid1791
mud-headed1793
borné1795
muzzy-headed1798
nog-headed1800
thick-headed1801
gypit1804
duncish1805
lightweight1809
numbskull1814
tup-headed1816
chuckle-pate1820
unintellectuala1821
dense1822
ninnyish1822
dunch1825
fozy1825
potato-headed1826
beef-headed1828
donkeyish1831
blockheadish1833
pinheaded1837
squirrel-minded1837
pumpkin-headed1838
tomfoolish1838
dundering1840
chicken-headed1842
like a bump on a log1842
ninny-minded1849
numbheadeda1852
nincompoopish1852
suet-brained1852
dolly1853
mullet-headed1853
sodden1853
fiddle-headed1854
numb1854
bovine1855
logy1859
crass1861
unsmart1861
off his chump1864
wooden-headed1865
stupe1866
lean-minded1867
duffing1869
cretinous1871
doddering1871
thick-head1873
doddling1874
stupido1879
boneheaded1883
woolly-headed1883
leaden-natured1889
suet-headed1890
sam-sodden1891
dopey1896
turnip-headed1898
bonehead1903
wool-witted1905
peanut-headed1906
peanut-brained1907
dilly1909
torpid-minded1909
retardate1912
nitwitted1917
meat-headed1918
mug1922
cloth-headed1925
loopy1925
nitwit1928
lame-brained1929
dead from the neck up1930
simpy1932
nail-headed1936
square-headed1936
dingbats1937
pinhead1939
dim-witted1940
pea-brained1942
clueless1943
lobotomized1943
retarded1949
pointy-headed1950
clottish1952
like a stunned mullet1953
silly (or crazy) as a two-bob watch1954
out to lunch1955
pin-brained1958
dozy1959
eejity1964
out of one's tiny mind1965
doofus1967
twitty1967
twittish1969
twatty1975
twattish1976
blur1977
dof1979
goofus1981
dickheaded1991
dickish1991
numpty1992
cockish1996
the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > mental deficiency > [adjective]
witlessc1000
fonda1400
brainless1434
doitedc1450
feeble-minded1534
half-witted1712
fatuous1773
a screw loose1810
losta1822
balmy1851
a shingle short1852
retardate1912
mental1927
subcultural1931
psychological1952
1912 J. E. W. Wallin Exper. Stud. Mental Deficients ii. 27 A difference in the method of grading may perceptibly alter the distribution of homogenous groups of patients, particularly..in the moron and retardate groups.
1943 in N.Z. Parl. Deb 262 696/2 I was asked to promise that no written word of mine of a political nature should ever be published without first of all being submitted to a retardate worm like the Hon. Mr. Wilson.
1963 Rev. Educ. Res. 33 128 One study, in which 38 retardate residents of Fort Wayne State School participated.
1999 Arkansas Democrat-Gaz. (Nexis) 28 Nov. j7 Her best friend..has criticized Clara for her ‘retardate’ fondness for horses and her habit of saying ‘innyhoo’ at the end of her sentences.
2000 Philippine Daily Inquirer (Nexis) 15 Aug. 14 Police are hunting three teenagers here for raping a 42-year-old retardate woman.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

retardateadj.1

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin retardātus, retardāre.
Etymology: < classical Latin retardātus, past participle of retardāre retard v. Compare later retardate v., retarded adj.
Obsolete. rare.
Held back or in check; impeded; delayed. Cf. retarded adj. 1.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > a suitable time or opportunity > untimeliness > delay or postponement > [adjective] > delayed, deferred, or postponed
remiss?1518
adjourned1538
delayed1548
long-delayed1548
lag1552
prorogued1552
dilated1556
lagging1597
retardate1598
fristeda1600
lagged1602
retarded1636
deferred1651
prorogatory1672
lated1676
postponed1819
protracted1838
suspended1848
put-off1871
hung up1878
held1906
the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > types or manners of hindrance > [adjective] > hindering or retarding > hindered or retarded
forslowedc1590
retardate1598
retarded1636
1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. i. iii. f. 4/1 When the middle reefe or Diaphragma is wounded..they [sc. patients] have verye retardate breathe, and there issueth out of the wounde frothye bloode.
1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. viii. iii. f. 41/2 The matter, wherof the Potentiall cauteryes are made, are oftentimes venoumouse: And how soever they be praepared, yet ther operatione, & actione, is vncertayne, retardate and slowe.

Derivatives

retardately adv.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > a suitable time or opportunity > untimeliness > delay or postponement > [adverb]
delayinglyc1475
lingeringly1589
retardately1598
dilatorily1700
unpromptly1837
procrastinatingly1847
temporizingly1847
on the back burner1963
1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Methodicalle Disc. in Frenche Chirurg. f. 48v/2 The..aquositye, which is verye retardatelye expelled.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2010; most recently modified version published online September 2020).

retardatev.

Brit. /rᵻˈtɑːdeɪt/, U.S. /rəˈtɑrˌdeɪt/, /riˈtɑrˌdeɪt/
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin retardāt-, retardāre.
Etymology: < classical Latin retardāt-, past participial stem (see -ate suffix3) of retardāre retard v. Compare earlier retard v., retardate adj.1
rare in later use.
transitive. To hinder, delay; = retard v. 1.In recent use apparently only in the works of authors for whom English is not a first language.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > types or manners of hindrance > hinder in specific manner [verb (transitive)] > hinder or delay
bestayc1330
tarry1340
delaya1393
to put aback1450
to pull backa1470
retard1490
tarde1524
retary1526
to throw back1562
forslow1570
backward1594
detain1600
to set back1600
slug1605
retardate1613
tardya1616
taigle?1635
backen1649
remore1652
remorate1657
to cast back1671
to hold up1887
to knock back1945
1613 T. Jackson Eternall Truth Script. i. To Rdr. d 3 That..which for a long time did retardate my perswasion.
1633 J. Hart Κλινικη iii. xxx. 366 The blood might a little retardate and hinder this operation.
1664 H. Power Exper. Philos. i. 73 Objects and Mediums they either hit upon or pass thorow; and so consequently do either accelerate or retardate the Solary Atoms in their..Motion.
1684 S. E. Answer Remarks upon Dr. H. More 135 The Entireness of the Turkish Empire may retardate Antichrist's ruine.
1703 J. Drake Historia Anglo-Scotica 46 King Edward resumes his former Intentions, concerning his Wars in France, which had been retardated by the business of Scotland.
1730 J. Cook Anat. & Mech. Ess. I. iv. 61 [Valves] prevent the Blood's passing back in the same Channel, and that it may not by its Gravity press upon the Blood à tergo or behind it, thereby to retardate its Motion.
1902 P. Blaschke Electr. Dict. III. 122/1 To retardate the movement.
1989 N. I. Afonskaya et al. in E. I. Chazov & V. N. Smirnov Cardiol. Rev. II. 270 Attempts to protect ischemic myocardium by retardating the degradation of high-energy phosphates..seem very reasonable.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.adj.21912adj.11598v.1613
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