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单词 retroviral
释义

retroviraladj.n.

Brit. /ˈrɛtrəʊˌvʌɪrəl/, /ˌrɛtrəʊˈvʌɪrəl/, /ˈrɛtrəʊˌvʌɪrl̩/, /ˌrɛtrəʊˈvʌɪrl̩/, U.S. /ˈrɛtroʊˌvaɪrəl/, /ˌrɛtroʊˈvaɪrəl/
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: retrovirus n., -al suffix1.
Etymology: < retrovirus n. + -al suffix1. Compare viral adj., antiretroviral adj., antiretroviral n.
Medicine and Virology.
A. adj.
Of, relating to, or caused by a retrovirus. Also (of a drug or treatment): active or effective against retroviruses; antiretroviral.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > organism > micro-organism > virus > [adjective] > types of
non-persistent1875
bacteriophagic1922
bacteriophagal1927
Shope1934
adenoviral1957
Sendai1958
EB1964
polioviral1965
Marburg1968
oncornaviral1972
xenotropic1973
retroviral1977
flaviviral1978
LAV1983
lentiviral1985
1977 Ann. Rev. Ecol. & Systematics 8 37 A convincing factual base is as yet lacking for theories which propose a functional role for retroviral sequences in the ontogeny and evolution of higher organisms.
1979 Nature 29 Mar. 420/1 Our results could also be seen as evidence of a marked propensity of retroviral DNA to undergo genetic gymnastics, including deletion.
1989 B. Alberts et al. Molecular Biol. Cell (ed. 2) xxi. 1207 Random insertion of DNA copies of the viral RNA into the host DNA is a part of the normal retroviral life cycle.
1999 Nature 15 Apr. 555/1 The refusal of the South African government to routinely offer retroviral drugs (ARVs) to HIV-infected pregnant women, in spite of the fact that short courses of ARVs towards the end of pregnancy can reduce the likelihood of transmission to infants by up to 75 per cent.
2004 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 5 June 8 In Malawi, a man was diagnosed with a previously unknown retroviral infection.
B. n.
= antiretroviral n.
ΚΠ
1989 Med. World News (Nexis) 24 July 44 Of the 17 retrovirals under development, most are targeted against reverse transcriptase, the viral enzyme HIV uses to commandeer the DNA of invaded cells and insert its own genetic message.
1996 Jrnl. Operational Res. Soc. 50 351/2 The most spectacular success has occurred..with the introduction of triple-combination antiretroviral therapy, a trio of retrovirals which the patient is required to take on a regular basis indefinitely.
2005 L. Hamilton in M. V. Ayogu & D. Ross Developmental Dilemmas 210 The urgent need for local, cheap production of vital need satisfiers (such as HIV/AIDS retrovirals) will remain unmet until the legal, constitutional restrictions on achieving these goals are removed.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.n.1977
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