† refringev.

Forms: 1500s refrynge, 1600s–1700s refringe.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin refringere.

Etymology: < classical Latin refringere (see refract v.). Compare infringe v.¹ With sense 2 compare earlier refract v.

Obsolete.

1. transitive. To infringe (a liberty, a law, etc.). rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > lack of subjection > refuse to submit to [verb (transitive)] > break a (rule, command, or provision)

breakOE

to-breaka1067

again-come1400

violate?a1475

transgress1526

refringe1530

infringe1533

prevaricate1541

contravene1567

temerate1635

outrage1655

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 683/1 I am nat aboute nor never was to refrynge your lybertyes.

a1639 J. Spottiswood Hist. Church Scotl. (1655) vi. 328 They complained, that since his accepting of the government, the liberties of the Church had been refringed.

1781 J. T. Atkyns Rep. Cases Chancery (ed. 2) 2 668 Indeed they cannot alter or refringe the common law, statute law, nor the King's prerogative.

2. transitive. To refract (light). Also in figurative contexts.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > light > refraction > refract [verb (transitive)]

refract1563

refringea1623

a1623 C. Heydon Astrol. Disc. (1650) v. 11 We are first to agree how deep or thick this cloudy Region of the air that refringeth the Sun-beams may be.

1675 R. Baxter Catholick Theol. i. ii. 95 Vapors..by which the light of divine immutable verity, seemeth to us to be refringed, and to waver.

1684 tr. S. Blankaart Physical Dict. 87 The Crystaline humor of the Eye..like a Glass put over a hole, collects and refringes the Rays which strike upon it from all parts.

1736 B. Martin Young Trigonometer's Compl. Guide I. ii. ix. 311 The Ray AB..by this more dense Medium of Glass it became refringed, or again bent into the Direction Cc.

3. transitive. To knock or drive back. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > causing to go away > command to go away [verb (transitive)] > drive away > repel

recoil?c1225

to turn againc1330

to put awayc1350

rebukec1380

to put abacka1382

to put againa1382

again-puta1400

rebut?a1425

repeal?a1425

retroylc1425

rebatea1475

repel?a1475

repulse?a1475

to put backa1500

refel1548

revert1575

rembar1588

to beat back1593

rebeat1595

reject1603

repress1623

rambarrea1630

stave1631

refringe1692

slap-back1931

1692 J. Norris Cursory Refl. Ess. Human Understanding 24 in Christian Blessedness (ed. 2) How can they do it in such troops and numbers without justling, refringing, and inverting one another?

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

单词	refringe
释义	† refringev. Forms: 1500s refrynge, 1600s–1700s refringe. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin refringere. Etymology: < classical Latin refringere (see refract v.). Compare infringe v.¹ With sense 2 compare earlier refract v. Obsolete. 1. transitive. To infringe (a liberty, a law, etc.). rare. ΘΚΠ society > authority > lack of subjection > refuse to submit to [verb (transitive)] > break a (rule, command, or provision) breakOE to-breaka1067 again-come1400 violate?a1475 transgress1526 refringe1530 infringe1533 prevaricate1541 contravene1567 temerate1635 outrage1655 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 683/1 I am nat aboute nor never was to refrynge your lybertyes. a1639 J. Spottiswood Hist. Church Scotl. (1655) vi. 328 They complained, that since his accepting of the government, the liberties of the Church had been refringed. 1781 J. T. Atkyns Rep. Cases Chancery (ed. 2) 2 668 Indeed they cannot alter or refringe the common law, statute law, nor the King's prerogative. 2. transitive. To refract (light). Also in figurative contexts. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > light > refraction > refract [verb (transitive)] refract1563 refringea1623 a1623 C. Heydon Astrol. Disc. (1650) v. 11 We are first to agree how deep or thick this cloudy Region of the air that refringeth the Sun-beams may be. 1675 R. Baxter Catholick Theol. i. ii. 95 Vapors..by which the light of divine immutable verity, seemeth to us to be refringed, and to waver. 1684 tr. S. Blankaart Physical Dict. 87 The Crystaline humor of the Eye..like a Glass put over a hole, collects and refringes the Rays which strike upon it from all parts. 1736 B. Martin Young Trigonometer's Compl. Guide I. ii. ix. 311 The Ray AB..by this more dense Medium of Glass it became refringed, or again bent into the Direction Cc. 3. transitive. To knock or drive back. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > causing to go away > command to go away [verb (transitive)] > drive away > repel recoil?c1225 to turn againc1330 to put awayc1350 rebukec1380 to put abacka1382 to put againa1382 again-puta1400 rebut?a1425 repeal?a1425 retroylc1425 rebatea1475 repel?a1475 repulse?a1475 to put backa1500 refel1548 revert1575 rembar1588 to beat back1593 rebeat1595 reject1603 repress1623 rambarrea1630 stave1631 refringe1692 slap-back1931 1692 J. Norris Cursory Refl. Ess. Human Understanding 24 in Christian Blessedness (ed. 2) How can they do it in such troops and numbers without justling, refringing, and inverting one another? This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online June 2021). < v.1530
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