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单词 mononuclear
释义

mononuclearadj.n.

Brit. /ˌmɒnə(ʊ)ˈnjuːklɪə/, U.S. /ˌmɑnəˈn(j)ukliər/
Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: mono- comb. form, nuclear adj.
Etymology: < mono- comb. form + nuclear adj., after German mononucleär (1885 in the passage translated in quot. 1886 at sense A.). Compare French mononucléaire (1888 as adjective, 1897 as noun). Compare earlier multinuclear adj., and also earlier binuclear adj. at bi- comb. form 1a, polynuclear adj. and n., uninuclear adj.
Biology and Medicine.
A. adj.
Designating a leucocyte with a single round nucleus (in contrast to the lobed, and often apparently multiple, nucleus of a polymorphonuclear leucocyte, an eosinophil, or a basophil); characterized by or involving such cells.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > substance > cell > types of cells > [adjective] > other types of cells
calcigerous1839
apolar1859
monocentric1878
angioblastic1879
mononuclear1886
heterocystous1887
collared1888
oxyphil1893
adendritic1894
neuroblastic1895
amacrine1901
diploid1908
akaryote1909
oat-celled1916
siderocytic1922
hepatocellular1940
promyelocytic1943
podocytic1955
sideroblastic1956
pagetoid1959
melanocytic1961
spheroplasted1973
1886 H. M. Biggs tr. F. Hueppe Methods Bacteriol. Investig. 68 Large mononuclear cells.
1896 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. I. 818 The large mononuclear leucocytes.
1904 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 10 Sept. 583 These cells are supposed to be transitional between the large mononuclear and the polymorphonuclear neutrophiles.
1920 Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp. 31 410 (heading) Mononuclear leucocytosis in reaction to acute infections (‘infectious mononucleosis’).
1953 R. W. Fairbrother Text-bk. Bacteriol. (ed. 7) xxxii. 401 The lesions consist of degeneration, vacuolation and neuronophagia of the nerve-cells with well-marked secondary perivascular and meningeal mononuclear infiltration.
1964 M. Hynes Med. Bacteriol. (ed. 8) xxiii. 339 Endothelial proliferation in arterioles with thrombosis and perivascular infiltration with mononuclear cells and polymorphs.
2000 Arch. Dermatol. Res. 292 341 Culture supernatants of silica-treated endothelial cells are chemotactic for mononuclear cells from peripheral blood.
B. n.
A mononuclear cell; a monocyte or lymphocyte.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > substance > cell > types of cells > [noun] > other types of cells
reticular cell1832
torula1833
reserve cell1842
subcell1844
parenchyma cell1857
pedicel cell1858
nettle cell1870
heterocyst1872
prickle cell1872
angioblast1875
palisade cell1875
sextant1875
spindle cell1876
neuroblast1878
body cell1879
plasma cell1882
reticulum cell1882
stem cell1885
Langhans1886
basal cell1889
pole cell1890
myelocyte1891
statocyst1892
mast cell1893
thrombocyte1893
iridocyte1894
precursor1895
nurse cell1896
amacrine1900
statocyte1900
mononuclear1903
oat cell1903
myeloblast1904
trochoblast1904
adipocyte1906
polynuclear1906
fibrocyte1911
akaryote1920
Rouget cell1922
Sternberg–Reed1922
amphicyte1925
monoblast1925
pericyte1925
promyelocyte1925
pituicyte1930
agamete1932
sympathogonia1934
athrocyte1938
progenitor1938
Reed–Sternberg cell1939
submarginal1941
delta cell1942
mastocyte1947
squame1949
podocyte1954
transformed cell1956
transformant1957
spheroplast1958
pinealocyte1961
immunocyte1963
lactotroph1966
mammotroph1966
minicell1967
proheterocyst1970
myofibroblast1971
cybrid1974
1901 Lancet 23 Mar. 848/1 A leucocytic count now gave: large mononuclear, 24 per cent.; small mononuclear, 10 per cent.; and polymorphonuclear, 66 per cent.]
1903 Amer. Jrnl. Med. Sci. 126 190 A differential count of the leucocytes shows a slight increase in the polymorphonuclears and a diminution in the small mononuclears since the previous record.
1928 Amer. Jrnl. Physiol. 85 490 There are many forms of large mononuclears which are hard to distinguish from lymphocytes by the ordinary Wright stain.
1956 Nature 21 Jan. 138/2 The total leucocyte count was about double.., the mononuclears being increased by about 10,000 and the polymorphonuclears by about 6,500.
1974 B. H. Park & R. A. Good Princ. Mod. Immunobiol. xiii. 171 Other chemotactic substances..derive from the complement components and these influence the mononuclears, as well as polymorphonuclears.
1999 Jrnl. Physiol. 93 467 BPC 157-treated groups consistently presented less polymorphonuclears and less mononuclears in all assessed periods.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2002; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.n.1886
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