hyperchargen.
/ˈhʌɪpətʃɑːdʒ/, U.S. /ˈhaɪpərˌtʃɑrdʒ/ Particle Physics.
A quantum number which is conserved in strong interactions and that is the same for all the particles of a multiplet, being equal to twice their average charge quantum number; symbol Y.The hypercharge Y of a particle is related to its strangeness S and baryon number B by Y = S + B, and is related to its charge Q and the third component, I3, of isospin by Y = 2(Q − I3).
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hypercharge1956
the world > matter > physics > atomic physics > particle physics > particle participating in strong interaction > [noun] > property of
hypercharge1956
1956 J. Schwinger in Physical Rev. 104 1164/2 It is now natural to suppose that the K meson, with isotopic spin ½, possesses a similar physical property [to the nucleonic charge] in the nature of a charge, which is also dynamically realized by a coupling with the π field. We shall term this new property hyper(onic) charge Y, with Y = +1 characterizing the K+K0 multiplet, and Y = −1 describing the antiparticles K0K−. As the agent for the dynamical exhibition of nucleonic and hypercharge, the π field does not itself bear these charges.
1964 New Scientist 20 Feb. 460/3 According to the conservation of baryons and hypercharge, the omega-minus should be produced in collisions between K-minus mesons and protons.
1972 G. L. Wick Elem. Particles v. 92 In the final analysis, either strangeness or hypercharge will suffice as a quantum number. In practice experimenters prefer to use strangeness—largely for historical reasons.
1980 Science 19 Dec. 1321/1 I was led to the group SU(2) x U(1) by analogy with the approximate isospin-hypercharge group which characterizes strong interactions.
2004 A. Watson Quantum Quark iv. 154 Baryon number plus strangeness is called hypercharge.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1956