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单词 ecstasy
释义

ecstasyn.

Brit. /ˈɛkstəsi/, U.S. /ˈɛkstəsi/
Forms: Middle English exstasie, exstacye, 1500s–1800s extasie, exstasy, ecstacy, exstacy, exstacie, 1500s–1700s exstasy, 1500s extascie, 1600s extase, ecs-, estasie, 1700s, 1800s ectasy, ecstasie, 1600s–1800s extacy, 1500s– ecstasy. See also ecstasis n.
Etymology: < Old French extasie, (after words in -sie, < Latin -sia) < medieval Latin extasis, < Greek ἔκστασις, < ἐκστα- stem of ἐξιστάναι to put out of place (in phrase ἐξιστάναι ϕρενῶν ‘to drive a person out of his wits’), < ἐκ out + ἱστάναι to place. The modern English spelling shows direct recourse to Greek The French extase is < medieval Latin or Greek. The classical senses of ἔκστασις are ‘insanity’ and ‘bewilderment’; but in late Greek the etymological meaning received another application, viz., ‘withdrawal of the soul from the body, mystic or prophetic trance’; hence in later medical writers the word is used for trance, etc., generally. Both the classical and post-classical senses came into the modern languages, and in the present figurative uses they seem to be blended.
1. The state of being ‘beside oneself’, thrown into a frenzy or a stupor, with anxiety, astonishment, fear, or passion.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > violent emotion > [noun] > fit of violent emotion
furyc1374
ecstasyc1384
ethroclytes1485
extremity1509
vehemency1612
rapturea1616
rapture1620
fit1654
transport1658
vehemence1741
orgasma1763
rave1765
rampage1860
brainstorm1861
tear1880
maenadism1883
the mind > mental capacity > expectation > feeling of wonder, astonishment > [noun] > state of wonder
wonderc1290
ecstasyc1384
mazednessc1395
study?1397
mazec1425
wonderfulness1532
wonderment1535
gape1712
astoundment1810
marvelment1823
jouissance1968
the mind > emotion > fear > physical symptoms of fear > [noun] > stupefaction
ecstasyc1384
mazednessc1395
astounedness1549
stupor1570
stupefaction1592
obstupescence1598
obstupefaction1625
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Deeds iii. 10 Thei weren fulfillid with wondryng, and exstasie, that is, leesyng of mynde of resoun and lettyng of tunge.
?a1400 Chester Pl. (1847) ii. 113 I knowe.. That you be in greate exstacye.
1592 C. Marlowe Jew of Malta i. ii. 217 Our words will but increase his ecstasy.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) iii. ii. 24 To lye In restlesse extasie . View more context for this quotation
1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 201 With a great and sudden Army he entred..In which extasie the English Factors fled to Bantam.
1834 B. Disraeli Revolutionary Epick i. ii. 2 The crouching beasts Cling to the earth in pallid ecstasy.
2. Pathology.
a. By early writers applied vaguely, or with conflicting attempts at precise definition, to all morbid states characterized by unconsciousness, as swoon, trance, catalepsy, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > physical insensibility > unconsciousness > [noun]
insensibility?1510
senselessness1577
death1596
ecstasy1598
ecstasis1621
unconsciousness1732
insentience1862
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > stupor or coma > [noun] > catalepsy
catalepsy1398
ecstasy1598
ecstasis1621
catochus1653
catoche1656
trance1842
trance-coma1849
trance-sleep1849
autocatalepsy1851
1598 J. Marston Metamorph. Pigmalions Image v. 3 Beames..shoote from out the fairenes of her eye: At which he stands as in an extasie.
1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xliiii. xv. 179 The principall person of the embassage..fell downe flat before them in a swoune and extasie.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) iv. i. 78 I..layed good scuse, vpon your extacy [stage direct. to line 42: He fals downe, 1623 Falls in a Trauncs].
1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. iii. 160 The Ministers of the State..like men in an Extasy..had no Speech or Motion.
b. In modern scientific use. (See quot.)
ΚΠ
1866 A. Flint Treat. Princ. Med. 628 Ecstasy. In this condition, the mind, absorbed in a dominant idea, becomes insensible to surrounding objects.
1882 R. Quain Dict. Med. s.v. The term ecstasy has been applied to certain morbid states of the nervous system, in which the attention is occupied exclusively by one idea, and the cerebral control is in part withdrawn from the lower cerebral and certain reflex functions. These latter centres may be in a condition of inertia, or of insubordinate activity, presenting various disordered phenomena, for the most part motor.
3.
a. Used by mystical writers as the technical name for the state of rapture in which the body was supposed to become incapable of sensation, while the soul was engaged in the contemplation of divine things. Now historical or allusive.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > rapture > [noun]
zeala1382
suspending1483
rapture1598
zealotism1645
ecstasya1652
fanaticism1652
suspension1669
fanatism1680
rapturousnessa1687
religionism1706
rapturation1792
samadhi1795
Schwärmerei1845
seraphism1846
ecstasis1874
a1652 J. Smith Select Disc. (1660) iv. vi. 100 In such sober kind of Ecstacies did Plotinus find his own Soul separated from his Body.
1656 H. More Antidote Atheism (1712) iii. ix. 171 The Emigration of humane Souls from the bodie by Ecstasy.
1690 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding ii. xix. 112 Whether that which we call Extasie, be not dreaming with the Eyes open, I leave to be examined.
1696 J. Aubrey Misc. (1721) 181/2 Things seen in an Extacy are more certain than those we behold in dreams.
1843 R. W. Emerson Transcendentalist in Dial Jan. 300 He [the Transcendentalist] believes in inspiration and in ecstasy.
1856 R. A. Vaughan Hours with Mystics (1860) I. iii. ii. 65 Ecstasy..is the liberation of your mind from its finite consciousness.
1879 Lefevre Philos. i. 29 The Chaldæans and the Semites let loose on the West these wanton rites, the intoxication of the senses, and by a natural transposition, mystic ecstasy.
b. The state of trance supposed to be a concomitant of prophetic inspiration; hence, Poetic frenzy or rapture. Now with some notion of 4.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > expectation > foresight, foreknowledge > prediction, foretelling > inspired prophecy > [noun]
witiengc950
prophecyc1330
spaea1400
vaticiny1587
vaticination1623
ecstasy1670
Sibyllism1833
spaedom1862
seerhood1884
the mind > emotion > excitement > inspiration > [noun] > specific type of inspiration or exaltation > of poets and prophets
fury1546
rage1563
furor1589
oestrum1663
ecstasy1670
enthusiasm1677
oestrus1816
estro1848
1670 J. Milton Hist. Brit. ii. 63 Certaine women in a kind of ecstasie foretold of calamities to come.
1682 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Rights Princes (new ed.) iv. 125 Eucherius, Bishop of Orleans..being in an Extasy, saw him in Hell.
1751 T. Gray Elegy xii. 7 Hands..wak'd to extacy the living lyre.
1757 T. Gray Ode I iii. ii, in Odes 10 He, that rode sublime Upon the seraph-wings of Extasy.
1813 W. Scott Bridal of Triermain iii. xxxv. 188 [She] leant upon a harp, in mood Of minstrel ecstasy.
4.
a. An exalted state of feeling which engrosses the mind to the exclusion of thought; rapture, transport. Now chiefly, Intense or rapturous delight: the expressions ecstasy of woe, ecstasy of sorrow, ecstasy of despair, etc., still occur, but are usually felt as transferred. Phrase, to be in ecstasy, to dissolve in ecstasy (trans. and intr.), be thrown into ecstasies, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > pleasure > joy, gladness, or delight > rapture or ecstasy > [noun]
ravishment1477
exaltationa1513
ecstasy1526
enragement1596
rapture1598
trance1598
transportation1617
raptery1640
enravishment1656
transport1658
rapturousnessa1687
sublimation1816
raptus1845
1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. IIIiv After they come downe agayne to themselfe frome suche excessiue eleuacion or extasy.
1583 P. Stubbes Anat. Abuses Ep. Ded. sig. ¶iiiv In extasie of despaire.
1601 J. Weever Mirror of Martyrs sig. Divv In a sorrow-sighing extasie, Henry tooke leaue.
1620 J. Melton Astrologaster 4 This extasie of my admiration was broken off by the occasion of a noyse.
1645 J. Milton Il Penseroso in Poems 43 As may with sweetnes, through mine ear, Dissolve me into extasies.
a1704 T. Brown Pleas. Love in Wks. (1707) I. i. 151 In Exstasies I wou'd dissolving lie.
1723 D. Defoe Hist. Col. Jack (ed. 2) 32 Boyish Tricks that I play'd in the Extacy of my Joy.
1820 W. Scott Monastery I. v. 182 The ecstasy of the Monk's terror.
1831 T. B. Macaulay Moore's Life Byron in Ess. (1854) I. 165 What somebody calls the ‘ecstasy of woe’.
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 627 The crowd was wrought up to such an ecstasy of rage that, etc.
1866 ‘G. Eliot’ Felix Holt I. i. 37 There had been no ecstasy, no gladness even.
1879 M. Arnold Fr. Crit. Milton in Mixed Ess. Ess. 242 When he hears it he is in ecstasies.
b. An outburst, a tumultuous utterance (of feeling, etc.) Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > passion > [noun] > sudden outburst or access of passion
heatc1200
gerec1369
accessc1384
braida1450
guerie1542
bursting1552
ruff1567
riot1575
suddentyc1575
pathaire1592
flaw1596
blaze1597
start1598
passion1599
firework1601
storm1602
estuation1605
gare1606
accession?1608
vehemency1612
boutade1614
flush1614
escapea1616
egression1651
ebullition1655
ebulliency1667
flushinga1680
ecstasy1695
gusta1704
gush1720
vehemence1741
burst1751
overboiling1767
explosion1769
outflaming1836
passion fit1842
outfly1877
Vesuvius1886
outflame1889
1695 Ld. Preston tr. Boethius Of Consol. Philos. i. 32 The Fury and Extasies of a giddy and passionate Multitude.
1725 E. Fenton in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey I. iv. 1013 Shrill ecstasies of joy declare The fav'ring Goddess present to the pray'r.

Compounds

In combinations.
ΚΠ
1850 E. B. Browning Poems (new ed.) II. 169 A poet! know him by The ecstasy-dilated eye.

Draft additions 1993

Frequently with capital initial. A name for a recreational amphetamine-based drug having euphoric effects, typically taken in the form of a pill. Abbreviated E: see E n.3 colloquial (originally U.S.).Particularly associated with clubbing and dance music subcultures.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > an intoxicating drug > [noun] > hallucinogenic drug > MDMA or ecstasy
MDMA1978
disco biscuit1981
Adam1983
ecstasy1985
molly2000
1985 Los Angeles Times 29 Mar. v. 8/3 You'll be hearing and reading more about yet another new drug. This one, when in the lab, is called MDMA. Humanistic psychologists who advocate it believe it a powerful therapeutic tool, bringing about ‘peacefulness and an ability to trust’. On the street, its name is ‘ecstasy’ or ‘Adam’.
1987 Times 14 May 2/8 Police impounded £10,000-worth of a drug known as ‘ecstasy’ yesterday..the first time it has been found in Britain.
1988 Sunday Times 30 Oct. c4/4 Acid House (the music) and Ecstasy (the drug) became inextricably bound together and the fans turned to it.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

ecstasyv.

Etymology: < ecstasy n. Compare ecstasize v.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈecstasy.
1. transitive. To throw into a state of frenzy or stupor. Only in passive. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > drive mad [verb (transitive)]
turn1372
mada1425
overthrow?a1425
to go (also fall, run) mada1450
deferc1480
craze1503
to face (a person) out ofc1530
dement1545
distemper1581
shake1594
distract1600
to go (also run, set) a-madding (or on madding)1600
unwita1616
insaniate?1623
embedlama1628
dementate1628
crack1631
unreason1643
bemad1655
ecstasya1657
overset1695
madden1720
maddle1775
insanify1809
derange1825
bemoon1866
send (someone) up the wall1951
a1657 G. Daniel Poems (1878) I. 12 My Blood was Corral, and my Breath was Ice, Extasied from all Sence, to thinke, etc.
1661 O. Felltham Resolves (rev. ed.) 176 They us'd to be so extasi'd..as..to tear their garments.
1670 T. Garencières tr. Famous Conclave wherein Clement VIII was elected Pope 2 They were extasied with distractions.
2. intransitive. To behave as in an ecstasy. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > pleasure > joy, gladness, or delight > rapture or ecstasy > be rapturous or ecstatic [verb (intransitive)] > go into ecstasies
to melt awaya1400
ecstasy1636
rapturize1832
ecstasiate1838
ecstasize1854
rapture1908
to bliss out1973
1636 W. Denny in Ann. Dubrensia sig. C2 With seeming seeing, yet not seeing eyes..he extasies.
3. transitive. To raise to a high state of feeling; to fill with transport; now esp. to delight intensely, enrapture. Chiefly in passive; see ecstasied adj.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > pleasure > joy, gladness, or delight > rapture or ecstasy > transport with rapture or ecstasy [verb (transitive)]
ravishc1390
rap1509
extol1526
exalta1533
reave1556
rape1566
rapt?1577
enravish1596
trance1597
to carry out1599
ecstasy1631
translate1631
elevate1634
rapture1636
ecstatize1654
enrapture1740
ecstasiate1823
ecstasize1835
1631 T. Heywood Fair Maid of West: 1st Pt. ii. 18 I cannot but wonder why any fortune should make a man ecstasy'd.
a1641 T. Heywood Captives (1953) v. i. 106 Thou wth these woords hast extasyde my sowle.
1660 Char. Italy 89 She would extasy a foreiner with the sight of her stately fabricks.
1864 J. M. Neale Seatonian Poems 251 Breathless with haste and ecstasied with joy.
1874 T. Hardy Far from Madding Crowd II. xx. 232 The crowd was again ecstasied.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online June 2019).
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