curtailv.

Brit.

/kəːˈteɪl/,

/kəˈteɪl/, U.S.

/kərˈteɪl/

Forms: 1500s–1600s curtal(l, -toll, 1500s curteyl, 1600s curtel, cur-, cour-, curt-tail, 1500s– curtail.

Etymology: Originally curtal(l , < curtal adj., and still stressed on the first syllable by Johnson 1773. But already in the 16th cent. the second syllable began to be associated with the word tail (compare sense 1), and perhaps by some in the 17th and 18th centuries with French tailler to cut, whence the spelling cur-tail, curt-tail, curtail, and the current pronunciation, given without qualification by Walker 1791.

†1. To make a curtal of by docking the tail; to dock. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > [verb (transitive)] > dock or nick horse

dock1530

curtail1577

nick1740

bob1822

1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry iii. f. 115^v His tayle..is..a greate commodity to him to beate away flyes: yet some delight to haue them curtailed, specially if they be brode buttockt.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 363 The ashes also of an hardy-shrewes taile; provided alwaies, that the shrew were let go aliue, so soone as she was curt-tailed.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Escouer, to curtall, or cut off the taile.

a. To cut short in linear dimension; to shorten by cutting off a part.

ΘΠ

the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > longitudinal extent > shortness > make short(er) [verb (transitive)] > (as if) by cutting

crop?c1225

dockc1380

cutc1385

trunk?1440

coll1483

scut1530

to cut, trim, etc. short1545

prune1565

bobtail1577

curtail1580

lop1594

decurtate1599

imp1657

truncate1727

abridge1750

bob1822

1580 J. Lyly Euphues & his Eng. (new ed.) f. 53^v Thou hast rackt me, & curtald me, somtimes I was too long, somtimes too short.

1596 T. Nashe Haue with you to Saffron-Walden Ep. Ded. sig. C3 If it be too long, thou hast a combe and a paire of scissers to curtall it.

1609 S. Rowlands Famous Hist. Guy Earle of Warwick 38 And Estellard I cur-tail'd by the knees.

1674 S. Vincent Young Gallant's Acad. 39 Let the three Huswively Spinsters of Destiny rather curtal the thred of thy life.

1787 ‘G. Gambado’ Acad. Horsemen 11 I..firmly believe, that ten men are hanged for every inch curtailed in a Judge's wig.

1827 H. Steuart Planter's Guide (1828) 71 To lop and deface them..and..to curtail the roots.

b. As applied to sentences, verses, lines, letters, and the like, the sense leads on to 3.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > morphology > word-formation > form words [verb (transitive)] > contract or abbreviate

clip1526

curtail1553

abbreviate1598

contract1605

syncopate1605

syncopize1643

bobtaila1680

elide1831

apocopate1845

society > leisure > the arts > literature > prose > non-fiction > summary or epitome > summarize or abridge [verb (transitive)]

abrevya1325

comprehendc1369

abridgec1384

shorta1390

suma1398

abbreviate?a1475

shorten1530

to cut short?1542

curtail1553

to knit up1553

to wind up1583

clip1598

epitomize1599

brief1601

contract1604

to shut up1622

decurt1631

to sum up1642

breviate1663

curtilate1665

compendize1693

epitomate1702

to gather up1782

summarize1808

scissor1829

précis1856

to cut down1857

to boil down1880

synopsize1882

essence1888

résumé1888

short copy1891

bovrilize1900

pot1927

summate1951

capsulize1958

profile1970

1553 T. Wilson Arte of Rhetorique iii. f. 88^v Some againe will bee so shorte, and in suche wise curtall their Sentences.

1599 F. Thynne Animaduersions (1875) 64 Whiche wordes are curteyled for the verse his cause.

1605 W. Camden Remaines i. 21 Neither do we or the Welsh so curtall Latine, that we make all therein Monosyllables.

1766 H. Walpole Lett. conc. Rousseau iv. 153 You have suffered my letter to be curtailed.

3. To shorten in duration or extent; to cut down; to abbreviate, abridge, diminish, or reduce, in extent or amount.

ΘΠ

the world > relative properties > quantity > decrease or reduction in quantity, amount, or degree > reduce in quantity, amount, or degree [verb (transitive)] > curtail

wanea889

dockc1380

bridgec1384

abridgea1393

limita1398

syncopec1412

defalk1475

shortena1535

to cut short?1542

royn1573

retrench1587

curtail1589

retranch1589

lop1594

scantle1596

scant1599

scantelize1611

curtalize1622

defalce1651

detrench1655

barb1657

defalcatea1690

razee1815

detruncate1846

to cut down1857

shave1898

1589 ‘Pasquill of England’ Returne of Pasquill sig. D^v With what face dares anie politique..curtoll the maintenance of the Church?

1591 J. Lyly Endimion v. ii. sig. I^v I will by peece-meale curtoll my affections towardes Dipsas.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) ii. i. 11 When a Gentleman is dispos'd to sweare: it is not for any standers by to curtall his oathes.

1663 S. Butler Hudibras: First Pt. i. iii. 208 Yet I'd be loth my dayes to curtal [rhyme mortal].

1781 G. Morris in J. Sparks Life G. Morris (1832) I. 234 Greatly to cur~tail salaries is a false economy.

1843 J. W. Carlyle Lett. I. 195 His family's slumbers were probably curtailed.

1856 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. I. iii. 244 The jurisdiction of the spiritual courts was not immediately curtailed.

4. to curtail (a person, etc.) of: to dock him of some part of his property, to deprive or rob him of something that he has enjoyed or has a right to. So to curtail in, to shorten in respect of.

ΘΠ

the mind > possession > loss > taking away > take away [verb (transitive)] > deprive (of) > partially

straiten1523

to curtail (a person, etc.) of1581

to cut short1592

1581 W. Lambarde Eirenarcha (1586) iii. iv. 369 Not altogether beheading them [Statutes] of their preambles, Nor any whit curtailing them of their wordes.

1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III i. i. 18 I that am curtaild of this faire proportion.

1642 D. Rogers Naaman 396 How doe we curtall him of his ordinary dues.

a1719 J. Addison in Wks. (c1888) IV. 367 Fact..had taken a wrong name, having curtailed it of three letters; for that his name was not Fact but Faction.

1830 I. D'Israeli Comm. Life Charles I III. vi. 114 His beard curtailed of ancient dimensions, he wore peaked.

1856 P. E. Dove Logic Christian Faith v. i. §2. 279 God is there..curtailed in no attribute.

†5. To cut off short, lop off. Obsolete.

ΘΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > separation or detachment > detach [verb (transitive)] > cut off

becarveOE

carvec1000

hewc1000

shredc1275

cuta1300

chapc1325

cleavec1330

off-shearc1330

withscore1340

to cut offc1380

colea1400

slivea1400

to score awayc1400

abscisea1500

discidea1513

sharea1529

off-trenchc1530

off-hewc1540

pare1549

detrench1553

slice?1560

detrunk1566

sneck1578

resect1579

shred1580

curtail1594

off-chop1594

lop?1602

disbranch1608

abscind1610

snip1611

circumcise1613

desecate1623

discerpa1628

amputate1638

absciss1639

prescind1640

notch1820

1594 T. Lodge Wounds Ciuill War iv, in W. C. Hazlitt Dodsley's Sel. Coll. Old Eng. Plays (1874) VII. 172 Go, curtal off that neck with present stroke.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	curtail
释义	† curtailn. Etymology: < curtail v. Obsolete. The act of curtailing, curtailment. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > decrease or reduction in quantity, amount, or degree > [noun] > curtailment wanec1315 abridginga1382 shortinga1390 abridgement1439 defalcation1476 shorteninga1542 retrenchmentc1600 abridge1611 amputation1664 castration1728 curtail1797 curtailment1799 clipping1839 1797 E. M. Lomax Philanthrope 19 Fancying myself present..at this office of curtail or extension. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2021). curtailv. Brit. /kəːˈteɪl/, /kəˈteɪl/, U.S. /kərˈteɪl/ Forms: 1500s–1600s curtal(l, -toll, 1500s curteyl, 1600s curtel, cur-, cour-, curt-tail, 1500s– curtail. Etymology: Originally curtal(l , < curtal adj., and still stressed on the first syllable by Johnson 1773. But already in the 16th cent. the second syllable began to be associated with the word tail (compare sense 1), and perhaps by some in the 17th and 18th centuries with French tailler to cut, whence the spelling cur-tail, curt-tail, curtail, and the current pronunciation, given without qualification by Walker 1791. †1. To make a curtal of by docking the tail; to dock. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > [verb (transitive)] > dock or nick horse dock1530 curtail1577 nick1740 bob1822 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry iii. f. 115^v His tayle..is..a greate commodity to him to beate away flyes: yet some delight to haue them curtailed, specially if they be brode buttockt. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 363 The ashes also of an hardy-shrewes taile; provided alwaies, that the shrew were let go aliue, so soone as she was curt-tailed. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Escouer, to curtall, or cut off the taile. 2. a. To cut short in linear dimension; to shorten by cutting off a part. ΘΠ the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > longitudinal extent > shortness > make short(er) [verb (transitive)] > (as if) by cutting crop?c1225 dockc1380 cutc1385 trunk?1440 coll1483 scut1530 to cut, trim, etc. short1545 prune1565 bobtail1577 curtail1580 lop1594 decurtate1599 imp1657 truncate1727 abridge1750 bob1822 1580 J. Lyly Euphues & his Eng. (new ed.) f. 53^v Thou hast rackt me, & curtald me, somtimes I was too long, somtimes too short. 1596 T. Nashe Haue with you to Saffron-Walden Ep. Ded. sig. C3 If it be too long, thou hast a combe and a paire of scissers to curtall it. 1609 S. Rowlands Famous Hist. Guy Earle of Warwick 38 And Estellard I cur-tail'd by the knees. 1674 S. Vincent Young Gallant's Acad. 39 Let the three Huswively Spinsters of Destiny rather curtal the thred of thy life. 1787 ‘G. Gambado’ Acad. Horsemen 11 I..firmly believe, that ten men are hanged for every inch curtailed in a Judge's wig. 1827 H. Steuart Planter's Guide (1828) 71 To lop and deface them..and..to curtail the roots. b. As applied to sentences, verses, lines, letters, and the like, the sense leads on to 3. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > morphology > word-formation > form words [verb (transitive)] > contract or abbreviate clip1526 curtail1553 abbreviate1598 contract1605 syncopate1605 syncopize1643 bobtaila1680 elide1831 apocopate1845 society > leisure > the arts > literature > prose > non-fiction > summary or epitome > summarize or abridge [verb (transitive)] abrevya1325 comprehendc1369 abridgec1384 shorta1390 suma1398 abbreviate?a1475 shorten1530 to cut short?1542 curtail1553 to knit up1553 to wind up1583 clip1598 epitomize1599 brief1601 contract1604 to shut up1622 decurt1631 to sum up1642 breviate1663 curtilate1665 compendize1693 epitomate1702 to gather up1782 summarize1808 scissor1829 précis1856 to cut down1857 to boil down1880 synopsize1882 essence1888 résumé1888 short copy1891 bovrilize1900 pot1927 summate1951 capsulize1958 profile1970 1553 T. Wilson Arte of Rhetorique iii. f. 88^v Some againe will bee so shorte, and in suche wise curtall their Sentences. 1599 F. Thynne Animaduersions (1875) 64 Whiche wordes are curteyled for the verse his cause. 1605 W. Camden Remaines i. 21 Neither do we or the Welsh so curtall Latine, that we make all therein Monosyllables. 1766 H. Walpole Lett. conc. Rousseau iv. 153 You have suffered my letter to be curtailed. 3. To shorten in duration or extent; to cut down; to abbreviate, abridge, diminish, or reduce, in extent or amount. ΘΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > decrease or reduction in quantity, amount, or degree > reduce in quantity, amount, or degree [verb (transitive)] > curtail wanea889 dockc1380 bridgec1384 abridgea1393 limita1398 syncopec1412 defalk1475 shortena1535 to cut short?1542 royn1573 retrench1587 curtail1589 retranch1589 lop1594 scantle1596 scant1599 scantelize1611 curtalize1622 defalce1651 detrench1655 barb1657 defalcatea1690 razee1815 detruncate1846 to cut down1857 shave1898 1589 ‘Pasquill of England’ Returne of Pasquill sig. D^v With what face dares anie politique..curtoll the maintenance of the Church? 1591 J. Lyly Endimion v. ii. sig. I^v I will by peece-meale curtoll my affections towardes Dipsas. a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) ii. i. 11 When a Gentleman is dispos'd to sweare: it is not for any standers by to curtall his oathes. View more context for this quotation 1663 S. Butler Hudibras: First Pt. i. iii. 208 Yet I'd be loth my dayes to curtal [rhyme mortal]. 1781 G. Morris in J. Sparks Life G. Morris (1832) I. 234 Greatly to cur~tail salaries is a false economy. 1843 J. W. Carlyle Lett. I. 195 His family's slumbers were probably curtailed. 1856 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. I. iii. 244 The jurisdiction of the spiritual courts was not immediately curtailed. 4. to curtail (a person, etc.) of: to dock him of some part of his property, to deprive or rob him of something that he has enjoyed or has a right to. So to curtail in, to shorten in respect of. ΘΠ the mind > possession > loss > taking away > take away [verb (transitive)] > deprive (of) > partially straiten1523 to curtail (a person, etc.) of1581 to cut short1592 1581 W. Lambarde Eirenarcha (1586) iii. iv. 369 Not altogether beheading them [Statutes] of their preambles, Nor any whit curtailing them of their wordes. 1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III i. i. 18 I that am curtaild of this faire proportion. View more context for this quotation 1642 D. Rogers Naaman 396 How doe we curtall him of his ordinary dues. a1719 J. Addison in Wks. (c1888) IV. 367 Fact..had taken a wrong name, having curtailed it of three letters; for that his name was not Fact but Faction. 1830 I. D'Israeli Comm. Life Charles I III. vi. 114 His beard curtailed of ancient dimensions, he wore peaked. 1856 P. E. Dove Logic Christian Faith v. i. §2. 279 God is there..curtailed in no attribute. †5. To cut off short, lop off. Obsolete. ΘΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > separation or detachment > detach [verb (transitive)] > cut off becarveOE carvec1000 hewc1000 shredc1275 cuta1300 chapc1325 cleavec1330 off-shearc1330 withscore1340 to cut offc1380 colea1400 slivea1400 to score awayc1400 abscisea1500 discidea1513 sharea1529 off-trenchc1530 off-hewc1540 pare1549 detrench1553 slice?1560 detrunk1566 sneck1578 resect1579 shred1580 curtail1594 off-chop1594 lop?1602 disbranch1608 abscind1610 snip1611 circumcise1613 desecate1623 discerpa1628 amputate1638 absciss1639 prescind1640 notch1820 1594 T. Lodge Wounds Ciuill War iv, in W. C. Hazlitt Dodsley's Sel. Coll. Old Eng. Plays (1874) VII. 172 Go, curtal off that neck with present stroke. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1797v.1553
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† curtailn.

curtailv.