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单词 rocky
释义

rockyn.

Brit. /ˈrɒki/, U.S. /ˈrɑki/
Forms: 1900s– rockie, 1900s– rocky.
Origin: Apparently formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: rocky adj.2
Etymology: Apparently < rocky adj.2 Perhaps compare earlier rookie n.With the semantic motivation, compare the following:1957 J. L. Kerr & W. Granville Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve vi. 91 The active-service men labelled them [sc. RNVR ratings] a ‘rocky’ lot—‘rocky’ being an oblique reference to unstable sea-legs and the waved tapes in their blue jean collars.
British Navy slang (now historical).
A recruit in the naval reserve, esp. the RNVR.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > hostilities at sea > seafaring warrior or naval man > [noun] > reserve
rocky1919
White Paper candidate1944
1919 W. Lang Sea-lawyer's Log 29 I have seen an officer who presides directly over our naval destinies fix the eye of a basilisk upon a luckless ‘rockie’ who incautiously spoke of a parade.
1927 ‘Giraldus’ Musings Merry Matloe 186 Rocky, a Royal Naval or Fleet Reserve man. Also a R.N. Reserve officer who once was more commonly known as a ‘Cargo Shifter’.
1929 F. C. Bowen Sea Slang 112 Rockies, R.N.V.R. ratings training in H.M. ships in peace time and very highly valued as worked ratings. Before the War it was also applied to R.N.R. ratings, seldom since.
1948 E. Partridge et al. Dict. Forces' Slang 156 Rockies, officers of the Naval Reserves.
2000 R. Jolly Jackspeak (new ed.) 368 Rocky, nickname for a wartime RNVR officer.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

rockyadj.1

Brit. /ˈrɒki/, U.S. /ˈrɑki/
Forms: late Middle English–1500s rokky, 1500s rockye, 1500s rokey, 1500s rokki, 1500s–1600s rockie, 1500s–1700s rockey, 1500s– rocky, 1600s rauke (English regional (southern)).
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rock n.1, -y suffix1.
Etymology: < rock n.1 + -y suffix1. Compare earlier rochy adj.
1. Consisting of or formed from rock; containing a large number of rocks; (of the sea or shore) full of or surrounded by rocks (also figurative).When describing a road, path, etc., now often figurative, overlapping with rocky adj.2 2a: see also rocky road n. 1.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > land > ground > [adjective] > rocky
rochyc1325
rocky?c1475
scopulous1596
sassinous1632
warty1648
bouldery1859
boulder-strewed1897
boulder-strewn1897
the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > [adjective]
rochena1400
rocky?c1475
rockish1570
saxous1657
rupellaryc1660
?c1475 in J. Gairdner Sailing Direct. (1889) 21 (MED) In xiiij or xvj fadome there is rokky grounde.
a1552 J. Leland Itinerary (1710) I. 86 The Castelle of Notingham stondith on a rokky Hille as on the West side of the Towne.
1597 W. Shakespeare Richard II ii. i. 62 England.., Whose rockie shoare beates backe the enuious siege Of watry Neptune. View more context for this quotation
1614 W. Raleigh Hist. World i. v. ii. §6. 398 The Citadell called Acrocorinthus, stood vpon a steep rockie hill on the North side of the towne.
1648 Moderate Intelligencer No. 194. 1776 The question of satisfaction or non-satisfaction being looked upon as rockie, was laid aside.
1659 J. Pearson Expos. Apostles Creed iv. 449 In a Vault made by the excavation of the rocky firm part of the earth.
1710 J. Addison Tatler No. 120. ⁋2 Rocky Paths and pleasing Grotto's.
1787 G. Winter New Syst. Husbandry 347 Where the ground is free from springs, stoney or rockey.
1825 Spirit of Eng. Mag. Nov. 149/1 The steep, rocky path to immortality.
1832 H. Douglas Ess. Mil. Bridges (ed. 2) v. 235 The left bank was rocky, and nearly level with the water.
1855 J. A. Eames Another Budget xxxix. 422 We came upon a rough, rocky path, winding down to a rapid river.
1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. xx. 139 The Trifti glacier, embraced on all sides by the rocky arms of the Breithorn.
1919 Outing Mar. 290/3 It was a country of deep, cold lakes that we were entering, with high, rocky shores and virgin spruce crowning the heights.
1940 E. J. H. Corner Wayside Trees Malaya I. 211 The Neram is the big tree that arches over the rocky rivers in the eastern and northern states of Malaya.
1997 B. McCrea et al. S. Afr.: Rough Guide 202 You'll need sturdy walking shoes, as the terrain is rocky and steep in parts.
2. figurative.
a. Of a person's disposition or character: difficult to affect or elicit sympathy from; unfeeling, unyielding; flinty, hard. Chiefly in rocky heart. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > absence of emotion > [adjective] > callous or hard-hearted
hard hearteOE
steelena1000
hardOE
hard-heartedc1225
stony?c1230
yhert1340
dure1412
hardedc1425
induratec1425
stonishc1450
hardenedc1480
steely1508
flinty1536
endured1540
stiff-stomached1540
heartless1556
indured1558
flint-hearted1560
iron1561
marble1565
stone-hearted?1569
stony-hearted1569
iron-hearted1570
steel-hearted1571
rocky?1578
brawned1582
flinted1582
padded1583
obdure?1590
brawny1596
flintful1596
flint-heart1596
steeled1600
cauterized1603
indurated1604
flinty-hearted1629
ahenean1630
dedolent1633
brawny-hearteda1639
hard-grained1643
callous1647
upsitten1682
seared1684
petrified1720
calloused1746
coreless1813
pebble-hearted1816
hard-shelled1848
hard-plucked1857
steel trap1921
?1578 E. Dering Godly Priuate Praiers (new ed.) sig. G.iv Striking these rocky heartes of ours, that they may be resolued into riuers of teares for our sinnes.
a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) iii. xxvii. sig. Zz2 The grace wherewith Anaxius spake it, to persuade rocky minds to their owne harme.
1596 R. Linche Certaine Sonnets in Diella sig. B7v I know..all will not remoue flynt-harted rigour from your rocky breast.
1650 J. Howell Addit. Lett. iv. 7 in Epistolæ Ho-elianæ (ed. 2) He also move My mind, and rockie heart so strike and rend.
1690 J. Norris Christian Blessedness 46 There are some Men of Rocky Hearts..that could..see the whole World in Flames without any concern.
1720 E. F. Haywood Love in Excess: 3rd Pt. 148 She spoke these Words in so moving an Accent, and they were accompany'd with so many Tears, that the most rocky Heart must have relented.
1773 T. Hull Prodigal Son i. 6 Oh, my Brother, With inattentive Ear, and rocky Heart, Mock not this kind Advice.
1839 P. J. Bailey Festus 24 Like God's voice Upon the worldling's proud, cold rocky heart.
1893 A. Daly tr. O. Blumenthal Little Miss Million i. 17 The love that after a hundred previous shipwrecks is now cast ashore on your rocky bosom.
1909 E. Phillpotts Three Brothers xvii. 187 Though his own rocky heart might be lifted above them, the waves of that sea would tune its substance to throb in sympathy.
1985 C. Ashby Plain Song 45 The mechanism of love Shatters upon the edges of your rocky mind.
b. Firm and unwavering; resolute, steadfast. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > decision > constancy or steadfastness > [adjective]
fasteOE
stathelfasteOE
anredOE
hardOE
starkOE
trueOE
steadfast993
fastredeOE
stithc1000
findyOE
stablea1275
stathelyc1275
stiffc1275
stablec1290
steel to the (very) backa1300
unbowinga1300
stably13..
firm1377
unmovablea1382
constantc1386
abidingc1400
toughc1400
sure1421
unmoblea1425
unfaintedc1425
unfaint1436
permanent?a1475
stalwartc1480
unbroken1513
immovable1534
inconcuss1542
unshaken1548
stout1569
unwavering1570
undiscourageable1571
fixed1574
discourageable1576
unappalled1578
resolute1579
unremoved1583
resolved1585
unflexiblea1586
unshakeda1586
square1589
unstooping1597
iron1598
rocky1601
steady1602
undeclinable1610
unboweda1616
unfainting1615
unswayed1615
staunch1624
undiscourageda1628
staid1631
unshook1633
blue?1636
true blue?1636
tenacious1640
uncomplying1643
yieldless1651
riveting1658
unshakened1659
inconquerable1660
unyielding1677
unbendinga1688
tight1690
unswerving1694
unfaltering1727
unsubmitting1730
undeviating1732
undrooping1736
impervertible1741
undamped1742
undyingc1765
sturdy1775
stiff as a poker1798
unfickle1802
indivertible1821
thick and thin1822
undisheartened1827
inconvertible1829
straightforward1829
indomitable1830
stickfast1831
unsuccumbing1833
unturnable1847
unswerved1849
undivertible1856
unforsaking1862
swerveless1863
steeve1870
rock-ribbed1884
stiff in the back1897
1601 J. Marston et al. Iacke Drums Entertainm. iv. sig. G4 O Rockie spirit.
1622 T. Dekker & P. Massinger Virgin Martir ii. sig. E4 Ile send my daughters to her, And they shall turne her rocky faith to waxe.
1692 E. Hickeringill Good Old Cause in Wks. (1716) II. 518 Let [such effeminate constitutions] leave the rugged and boysterous Wars to rugged and rocky Complexions and Constitutions.
1755 J. St. Clair Observ. Daniel & Apocalypse John 93 Because thou hast a rocky Principle, on such a Principle I will build.
1792 F. Burney Let. 28 Jan. (1972) I. 106 A former Patient is often alarmed..but she is very Rocky..& she will be glad when the alarm passes over.
1842 S. Gray Messiad ix. 203 Confounded at such rocky faith, the fiend Muses a space.
1856 J. Ruskin Mod. Painters IV. 221 Written in larger and rockier characters upon the sky.
1996 C. Villanueve Greenstreams p. xxviii Presented here as a testament of the La Salle writer's rocky commitment to a kaleidoscope of principles and posterity, we have here a rich collection of poetic insights from all of seven decades.
c. Of parts of the body: resembling a rock in appearance or solidity.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > constitution of matter > density or solidity > [adjective]
thickc888
fastOE
sada1375
massya1382
sounda1387
massya1398
corpulent1398
grossa1475
tight1513
massive1526
spiss?1527
solid?1533
thight1539
solidate1542
crass1545
bodily1557
spissy1570
dense1599
consolid1613
materiate1626
crassy1630
cakey1705
rocky1825
1762 T. Mortimer Brit. Plutarch V. iii. 79 His body was large, corpulent, and bulky, and his countenance hard and rocky.
1825 J. Neal Brother Jonathan I. 274 A smile of barbarous exultation..brightened his..rocky, square forehead.
a1892 A. H. Marks Igerne (1897) 261 The firm, rocky chin and curling gray mustaches.
1910 E. Vedder Digressions xii. 395 They both had rather long upper lips, shaved, which gave the face-scape a rugged or rocky character, so I fancied.
1997 R. Grossman Bk. Lazarus (1998) 255 His rocky muscles traveled up and down between his wrists and shoulders.
3. Living in rocky habitats; esp. (of plants) growing upon or among rocks.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > by habitat or distribution > [adjective] > growing on or amongst rocks, stone, or gravel
rockish1562
rocky1599
ruderary1727
rupestrean1786
saxatile1786
rupestrine1787
rupestral1834
ruderal1835
viatical1847
glareose1866
glareous1880
epilithic1900
1599 R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (new ed.) II. ii. 108 One man of vs tooke thirtie goodly Congers in one day, and other rockie fishe and some Bonitos.
1640 J. Parkinson Theatrum Botanicum 707 The rockie Cranes bill [sc. Geranium saxatile] is a lesser plant then the ordinary Doves foot.
1719 tr. J. Pitton de Tournefort Compl. Herbal I. 158/1 They are succeeded by Seed like unto those of the wild Mountain Valerian, the rocky sort especially.
1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. at Lychnis Maritime Rocky Campion, with an Orpine Leaf.
1805 B. Lambert tr. F. A. Michaux Trav. Allegany Mts. 301 The remainder of this tract..produces only the white, red,..and rocky oaks, &c. intermixed with pines.
1811 T. Haynes Interesting Discov. Hort. 5 Rocky or Saxatile, and Succulent Plants, with dry and barren soils.
1878 L. Clements Shooting & Fishing Trips (ed. 2) xlvi. 380 A long belt of rocks, well furnished with weeds, holes, &c., in which congers and rocky fish are at all times to be found.
1911 St. Louis Public Libr. Monthly Bull. 9 383/2 Tells, simply for children, about..roses, annuals and seed-sowing, biennials, perennials, climbers, rocky plants.
1970 O. Konstandt & G. Farnsworth tr. E. Wendelberger Enchanted World of Alpine Flowers 44 Other types of rocky inhabitants are the Rosette plants and foremost among these are members of the numerous varieties of the Saxifrage family.
2001 Ecology 82 1743/1 Such differences in fecundity between habitats may be caused by the smaller mean plant size of rocky plants.
4. Brewing. Designating a head (head n.1 20a) formed on the top of beer during fermentation that has a solid, rock-like appearance. Later also (in extended use): designating a dense, solid head on a glass of beer. Chiefly in rocky head. [Perhaps compare French rocher foamy head on top of fermenting beer (1765), spec. sense of rocher rock (see rocher n.).]
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > drink > manufacture of alcoholic drink > brewing > [adjective] > froth
unsubsided1804
rocky1835
1835 W. Black Pract. Treat. Brewing 52 The third change is the cauliflower or curling top, rising to a fine rocky or light yeasty head.
1836 Penny Cycl. V. 405/1 The stages of a healthy fermentation are, first, a creamy scum rising on the surface: this, after a time, begins to curl and becomes frosted in appearance; it then becomes rocky, and the air vesicles which appeared frosted enlarge.
1910 Encycl. Brit. IV. 510/2 At the end of a further short period this develops into a light curly mass (cauliflower or curly head), which becomes lighter and more solid in appearance, and is then known as rocky head.
1988 Boston Globe (Nexis) 1 Dec. 14 Golden yellow and cloudy with a small but rocky head.
2001 J. J. Palmer How to Brew vi. 74 Produces a dense rocky head during fermentation.

Compounds

C1. Parasynthetic.
a. In sense 2a, chiefly in rocky-hearted. Now rare.
ΚΠ
a1619 F. Davison tr. Ps. clxii. 31 in Davison's Poet. Rhapsody (1817) III. 331 Where rocks, and rocky-hearted foes, My flight on every side enclose.
1694 T. D'Urfey Comical Hist. Don Quixote: Pt. 2nd ii. ii. 20 Is it then possible, thou Soul of Lead, thou Marble-breasted Rocky-hearted Squire, that thou shouldst boggle at such easie penance.
1791 R. Burns Let. 28 Feb. (1985) II. 73 What a rocky-hearted, perfidious Succubus was that Queen Elizabeth!
a1849 J. C. Mangan Poems (1859) 238 This rocky-bosomed beauty.
1912 R. Murray At Eternity's Shore 144 When this rocky-hearted fellow had ceased to speak, He bowed his sinful face, and stood like one so meek.
b. In sense 1.
ΚΠ
1744 J. Thomson Spring in Seasons (new ed.) 19 The Next, pursue their rocky-channel'd Maze, Down to the River.
1765 O. Goldsmith Traveller (ed. 2) 5 Though the rocky crested summits frown.
1768 A. Tucker Light of Nature Pursued II. iii. 413 The rocky-pointed causey of punishment.
1895 M. J. Savage Man ii. 25 Above the forty feet it is hollow, all rocky-walled, but a room within.
1994 P. O'Brian Commodore (1996) x. 274 Between them lay a narrow rocky-sided bay reaching away into the land, losing itself in the murk.
C2.
rocky bone n. [after post-classical Latin os petrosum (1599 or earlier)] Anatomy (now rare or disused) the petrous portion of the temporal bone; cf. rock-bone n. at rock n.1 Compounds 2a(a).
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > skull > parts of skull > [noun] > bones of ear > periotic bone and parts
rock-bone1615
rocky bone1615
stony bone1615
petrous1836
otocrane1846
petrosal1846
periotic1865
1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 440 Aboue the eares..aboue the bones called petrosa or the rockie bones.
1786 W. Foster Gentleman's Experienced Farrier 132 The cavities which are formed in the midst of the os petrosum, or rocky bone, are three in number.
1839 Lancet 2 Nov. 186/2 An irregularly shaped extremely hard bone, named, on that account, the rocky bone, which, in my System of Anatomy, I consider merely to be the osseous envelop of the otic bulb.
1904 C. Jones Cycle of Life 71 It is contained, on each side, within the hardest bone in the body, called, therefore, the petrous or rocky bone.
rocky-hard adj. as hard as rock; cf. rock-hard adj. at rock n.1 Compounds 1e.
ΚΠ
a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) iv. i. 69 Thy Sea-marge stirrile, and rockey-hard . View more context for this quotation
1853 C. C. Felton Let. 23 Aug. in Familiar Lett. (1866) xi. 116 That heart, rocky-hard and icy-cold, from which..the fields of Switzerland, the plains of Lombardy, the vineyards of the Rhine, draw their life.
1986 Lippincott Man. Nursing Pract. (ed. 4) x. 434/2 Small, dry, rocky-hard masses.
rocky ruby n. Obsolete rare = rock ruby n.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > garnet > [noun] > varieties of
carbuncle stonec1300
alabandinec1400
rock ruby1544
ruby rock1562
almandine1601
rocky ruby1694
pyrope garnet1804
alamandine1805
cinnamon-stone1805
colophonite1808
carbuncle1816
grossular1819
topazolite1819
hessonite1820
uvarovite1837
spessartine1850
almandite1854
andradite1868
spessartite1868
vermeil1884
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > rock crystal > [noun] > amethyst > varieties of
rock ruby1544
Venus gem1601
rocky ruby1694
1694 J. Strype Memorials Thomas Cranmer Appendix 7 Another Carkeyne of golde enameled with blac and white, with an owche of golde enameled white and blew: Set with a great rockey Rubye: One rocky Emerawde: One pointed Dyamant.
1728 J. Woodward Fossils All Kinds i. 29 The Rocky-Ruby,..Rubinus rupium. This is of a Red deep, and the hardest of all the kinds.
1831 F. Madden Privy Purse Expenses Princess Mary Index 263 Rubies, rocked,..More properly called rock, and sometimes rocky rubies.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

rockyadj.2

Brit. /ˈrɒki/, U.S. /ˈrɑki/
Forms: see rock v.1 and -y suffix1.
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rock v.1, -y suffix1.
Etymology: < rock v.1 + -y suffix1.
colloquial.
1. Of a person.
a. Tipsy, drunk. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > drink > thirst > excess in drinking > [adjective] > drunk
fordrunkenc897
drunkena1050
cup-shottenc1330
drunka1400
inebriate1497
overseenc1500
liquor1509
fou1535
nase?1536
full1554
intoxicate1554
tippled1564
intoxicated1576
pepst1577
overflown1579
whip-cat1582
pottical1586
cup-shota1593
fox-drunk1592
lion-drunk1592
nappy1592
sack-sopped1593
in drink1598
disguiseda1600
drink-drowned1600
daggeda1605
pot-shotten1604
tap-shackled1604
high1607
bumpsy1611
foxed1611
in one's cups1611
liquored1611
love-pot1611
pot-sick1611
whift1611
owl-eyed1613
fapa1616
hota1616
inebriated1615
reeling ripea1616
in one's (or the) pots1618
scratched1622
high-flown?1624
pot-shot1627
temulentive1628
ebrious1629
temulent1629
jug-bitten1630
pot-shaken1630
toxed1635
bene-bowsiea1637
swilled1637
paid1638
soaken1651
temulentious1652
flagonal1653
fuddled1656
cut1673
nazzy1673
concerned1678
whittled1694
suckey1699
well-oiled1701
tippeda1708
tow-row1709
wet1709
swash1711
strut1718
cocked1737
cockeyed1737
jagged1737
moon-eyed1737
rocky1737
soaked1737
soft1737
stewed1737
stiff1737
muckibus1756
groggy1770
muzzeda1788
muzzya1795
slewed1801
lumpy1810
lushy1811
pissed1812
blue1813
lush1819
malty1819
sprung1821
three sheets in the wind1821
obfuscated1822
moppy1823
ripe1823
mixed1825
queer1826
rosined1828
shot in the neck1830
tight1830
rummy1834
inebrious1837
mizzled1840
obflisticated1840
grogged1842
pickled1842
swizzled1843
hit under the wing1844
obfusticatedc1844
ebriate1847
pixilated1848
boozed1850
ploughed1853
squiffy?1855
buffy1858
elephant trunk1859
scammered1859
gassed1863
fly-blown1864
rotten1864
shot1864
ebriose1871
shicker1872
parlatic1877
miraculous1879
under the influence1879
ginned1881
shickered1883
boiled1886
mosy1887
to be loaded for bear(s)1888
squiffeda1890
loaded1890
oversparred1890
sozzled1892
tanked1893
orey-eyed1895
up the (also a) pole1897
woozy1897
toxic1899
polluted1900
lit-up1902
on (also upon) one's ear1903
pie-eyed1903
pifflicated1905
piped1906
spiflicated1906
jingled1908
skimished1908
tin hat1909
canned1910
pipped1911
lit1912
peloothered1914
molo1916
shick1916
zigzag1916
blotto1917
oiled-up1918
stung1919
stunned1919
bottled1922
potted1922
rotto1922
puggled1923
puggle1925
fried1926
crocked1927
fluthered1927
lubricated1927
whiffled1927
liquefied1928
steamed1929
mirackc1930
overshot1931
swacked1932
looped1934
stocious1937
whistled1938
sauced1939
mashed1942
plonked1943
stone1945
juiced1946
buzzed1952
jazzed1955
schnockered1955
honkers1957
skunked1958
bombed1959
zonked1959
bevvied1960
mokus1960
snockered1961
plotzed1962
over the limit1966
the worse for wear1966
wasted1968
wired1970
zoned1971
blasted1972
Brahms and Liszt?1972
funked up1976
trousered1977
motherless1980
tired and emotional1981
ratted1982
rat-arsed1984
wazzed1990
mullered1993
twatted1993
bollocksed1994
lashed1996
1737 Pennsylvania Gaz. 13 Jan. 2/2 He's Rocky, Raddled,..Lost his Rudder.
1770 Gentleman's Mag. Dec. 559 To express the condition of an Honest fellow and no Flincher under the Effects of good Fellowship it is said that he is..Rocky.
1791–3 in Spirit of Public Jrnls. (1799) I. 3 Our Rulers too are—rocky.
1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) Rocky, drunken, tottering in his gait.
1904 J. P. Kirk in Eng. Dial. Dict. V. 139/1 [Notts.] he war fine an' rocky last night after the supper.
1947 Partisan Rev. 14 493 I was drinking scotch on an empty stomach, and beginning to feel a trifle rocky myself.
b. Originally North American. Shaky, weakened; unnerved; unwell.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > [adjective] > in state of ill health or diseased
untrumc825
sickc888
unwholec888
slackc897
unstronga900
sicklea1000
sam-halea1023
worseOE
attaint1303
languishinga1325
heallessc1374
sicklyc1374
sicklewa1387
bada1393
mishalea1400
languoring?c1425
distempered1440
unwell?c1450
detent?a1475
poora1475
languorousc1475
maladif1481
illa1500
maladiousc1500
wanthriven1508
attainted1509
unsound1513
acrazed1521
cracked1527
unsoundya1529
visited1537
infirmed1552
crazed1555
healthless1568
ill-liking1572
afflicted1574
crazy1576
unhealthful1580
sickish1581
valetudinary1581
not well1587
fainty1590
ill-disposed1596
unhealthsome1598
tainted1600
ill-affected1604
peaking1611
unhealthy1611
infirmited1616
disaffected1626
physical1633
illish1637
pimping1640
invalid1642
misaffected1645
valetudinarious1648
unhale1653
badly1654
unwholesome1655
valetudinous1655
morbulent1656
off the hooksa1658
mawkish1668
morbid1668
unthriven1680
unsane1690
ailing1716
not wellish1737
underlya1742
poorly1750
indifferent1753
comical1755
maladized1790
sober1808
sickened1815
broken-down1816
peaky1821
poorlyish1827
souffrante1827
run-down1831
sicklied1835
addle1844
shaky1844
mean1845
dauncy1846
stricken1846
peakyish1853
po'ly1860
pindling1861
rough1882
rocky1883
suffering1885
wabbit1895
icky-boo1920
like death warmed up1924
icky1938
ropy1945
crappy1956
hanging1971
sick as a parrot1982
shite1987
the world > life > the body > bodily constitution > bodily weakness > weakening > [adjective] > weakened
gelded1531
weakened1548
appalled1574
affeebled1577
unnerved1603
retuse1654
enfeebleda1657
unstrengthened1806–20
rocky1883
1883 Judy 3 Oct. 160/1 Poor old Boucicault is in a very rocky condition physically [quoting an unidentified U.S. source].
1888 E. D. Pierson Slave of Circumstances vii. 47 He certainly felt strangely unnerved, or, as Captain Shrike would say in club parlance, ‘rocky’.
1892 Life 25 Feb. 124/1 I may wake up hard, for I have been dining to-night and will probably feel rocky.
1914 G. M. Cohan Seven Keys to Baldpate i. 12 Humph! Am I cold! I feel pretty rocky, but I've got to laugh at that one.
1932 G. Greene Stamboul Train ii. i. 62 I guess you're a bit rocky. You haven't escaped from anywhere, have you?
1965 N. Mailer Amer. Dream (1966) v. 131 ‘Steve, you must be in a state of shock.’ ‘I'm a little rocky, kid.’
1996 E. Wright Buried in Stone (1997) ii. 23 We left her at my place. She was feeling rocky.
2005 A. Lamott in G. Stromberg & J. Merrill Harder they Fall 73 I would feel rocky and scared 'cause I wouldn't know what happened.
c. Poor; lacking in funds. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > poverty > [adjective] > poor
havelessOE
unrichOE
waedlec1000
armOE
nakedOE
helplessc1175
wantsomec1175
poora1200
barec1220
needfula1225
misease?c1225
unwealya1300
needyc1325
feeblec1330
poorful1372
mischievousc1390
miseasedc1390
indigentc1400
meanc1400
naughtyc1400
succourless1412
unwealthyc1412
behove1413
misterousa1425
misterfulc1480
miserablec1485
beggarly1545
starved1563
threadbare1577
penurious1590
fortuneless1596
wealthless1605
wantful1607
necessitous1611
inopulent1613
titheless1615
egene1631
starveling1638
necessitated1646
inopious1656
parsimonious1782
unopulent1782
lacking1805
bushed1819
obolary1820
ill-to-do1853
down at heel1856
po'1866
needsome1870
down-at-heeled1884
rocky1921
1921 W. L. George Ursula Trent iii. viii. 276 In July I found out that old Moses was rather rocky. He'd given a mortgage to a fellow called Badsworth.
1923 J. Galsworthy Captures 152 Are you at all—er—er—rocky? I mean—if I can be of any service, don't hesitate!
1947 D. B. Hughes In Lonely Place iv. i. 130 ‘Even Mel used to eat there when he was rocky.’.. ‘I'm not rocky. I got a check today.’
2.
a. Full of problems; fraught with difficulties, obstacles, uncertainties, etc.; difficult, hard.Compare figurative uses of rocky path, road, etc.: see rocky adj.1 1, rocky road n. 1.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > difficulty > [adjective]
arvethc885
uneathOE
arvethlichc1000
evilc1175
hardc1175
deara1225
derfa1225
illc1330
wickeda1375
uneasy1398
difficul?a1450
difficile?1473
difficulta1527
unready1535
craggy1582
spiny1604
tough1619
uphill1622
shrewda1626
spinousa1638
scabrous1646
spinose1660
rugged1663
cranka1745
tight1764
thraward1818
nasty1828
upstream1847
awkward1860
pricklyc1862
bristling1871
sticky1871
rocky1873
dodgy1898
challengeful1927
solid1943
ball-busting1944
challenging1975
the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > [adjective]
evil971
lowc1175
poor?c1225
feeblec1275
vilea1300
petty1372
unthende1377
secondary1386
petitc1390
unmeeta1393
illa1400
commonc1400
coarse1424
indigent1426
unlikelyc1450
lesser1464
gross1474
naughty1526
inferior1531
reprobate?1545
slender1577
unlikely1578
puny1579
under1580
wooden1592
sordid1596
puisne1598
provant1601
subministrant1604
inferious1607
sublunary1624
indifferent1638
undermatched1642
unworthy1646
underly1648
turncoated1650
female1652
undergraduate1655
farandinical1675
baddishc1736
ungenerous1745
understrapping1762
tinnified1794
demi-semi1805
shabby1805
dicky1819
poor white1821
tin-pot1838
deterior1848
substandard1850
crumby1859
cheesy1863
po'1866
not-quite1867
rocky1873
mouldy1876
low-grade1878
sketchy1878
midget1879
junky1880
ullaged1892
abysmal1904
bodgie1905
junk1908
crap1936
ropy1941
bodger1945
two-star1951
tripey1955
manky1958
schlocky1960
cack1978
wank1991
bowf1994
1873 J. Miller Life amongst Modocs 71 We may have a rocky time down there, my boy.
1890 L. C. D'Oyle Notches Rough Edge Life 12 It'll be a little bit rocky on some of us.
1919 J. Buchan Mr. Standfast xii. 192 I foresaw a rocky time ahead till America could line up with us in the field.
1949 Oakland (Calif.) Tribune 24 Aug. Old Preach [sc. Elwin C. ‘Preacher’ Roe], a former Redbird, got off to a rocky start.
1960 B. Keaton My Wonderful World of Slapstick 13 I am by no means overlooking the rough and rocky years I've lived through.
1976 E. Dunphy Only a Game? iii. 90 I had played well in the first half at Swindon when things were rocky.
2009 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 28 Feb. (Your Money) 1 You might be most concerned about a company which is going through a rocky period and has a huge deficit.
b. In an uncertain or precarious position, looking likely to fall through or fail; unsteady, unstable.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > change > changeableness > [adjective]
slidinga900
wankleeOE
windyc1000
unsteadfastc1200
fleeting?c1225
loose?c1225
brotelc1315
unstablec1340
varyingc1340
variantc1374
motleyc1380
ungroundedc1380
muablea1393
passiblea1393
remuablea1393
changeablea1398
movablea1398
variablec1397
slidderya1400
ticklec1400
variantc1412
flitting1413
mutable?a1425
movingc1425
flaskisable1430
flickering1430
transmutablec1430
vertible1447
brittlea1450
ficklea1450
permutablec1450
unfirmc1450
uncertain1477
turnable1483
unsteadfast1483
vagrantc1522
inconstant1526
alterable?1531
stirringc1540
slippery1548
various1552
slid?1553
mutala1561
rolling1561
weathery1563
unconstant1568
interchangeable1574
fluctuant1575
stayless1575
transitive1575
voluble1575
changeling1577
queasy1579
desultory1581
huff-puff1582
unstaid1586
vagrant1586
changeful1590
floating1594
Protean1594
unstayed1594
swimming1596
anchorless1597
mobilec1600
ticklish1601
catching1603
labile1603
unrooted1604
quicksilvered1605
versatile1605
insubstantial1607
uncertain1609
brandling1611
rootless1611
squeasy1611
wind-changinga1616
insolid1618
ambulatory1625
versatilous1629
plastic1633
desultorious1637
unbottomed1641
fluid1642
fluent1648
yea-and-nay1648
versipellous1650
flexile1651
uncentred1652
variating1653
chequered1656
slideable1662
transchangeative1662
weathercock-like1663
flicketing1674
fluxa1677
lapsable1678
wanton1681
veering1684
upon the weathercock1702
contingent1703
unsettled?1726
fermentable1731
afloat1757
brickle1768
wavy1795
vagarious1798
unsettled1803
fitful1810
metamorphosical1811
undulating1815
tittupya1817
titubant1817
mutative1818
papier mâché1818
teetotum1819
vacillating1822
capricious1823
sensitive1828
quicksilvery1829
unengrafted1829
fluxionala1834
proteiform1833
liquid1835
tottlish1835
kaleidoscopic1846
versative1846
kaleidoscopical1858
tottery1861
choppy1865
variative1874
variational1879
wimbly-wambly1881
fluctuable1882
shifty1882
giveable1884
shifty1884
tippy1886
mutatory1890
upsettable1890
rocky1897
undulatory1897
streaky1898
tottly1905
tipply1906
up and down1907
inertialess1927
sometimey1946
rise-and-fall1950
switchable1961
1897 Westm. Gaz. 14 Apr. 7/2 He understood that the society in which his money was invested was in a ‘rocky’ condition.
1938 ‘N. Shute’ Ruined City x. 204 The whole thing was a pretty rocky deal.
1977 D. Beaty Excellency vii. 90 The régime's rocky. The future of the country's uncertain.
1986 City Limits 12 June 26 A man about to lose his already rocky faith.
2003 Irish Times (Nexis) 3 May 62 Finances were rocky.
3. Of a physical object: tending to move unsteadily from side to side; wobbly, tottering.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in specific manner > irregular movement or agitation > unsteady movement > [adjective] > tottering > unstable
unstable1390
unsteadfasta1400
tickle1515
unstayed1594
unsteady1598
shittle1601
firmless1605
flitty1642
totty1652
shuttlec1682
unfirm1697
wankly1795
wankya1825
cockery1825
wobbly1833
tottlish1835
earthquaky1837
tottling1849
shaky1850
cockly1859
unsteadied1865
shoggy1866
wankle1869
wibblety-wobblety1877
cockerty1895
tipsy1895
rocky1900
wibbly-wobbly1901
tottly1905
topply1913
wibbly1914
1900 Black Cat July 31 Ross was just dismounting from a rocky wheel [sc. a bicycle].
1912 A. Bennett Matador of Five Towns & Other Stories 157 ‘What's up with that wheel?’ ‘It's rocky, that's what that wheel is.’
1956 W. Morris Field of Vision 207 She wore high rocky heels, and her stockings had a black line all the way up.
1960 M. Gallie Man's Desiring vi. 62 Down on his knees, he shoved the paper under the rocky table leg.
1994 E. Danticat Breath, Eyes, Memory i. iii. 22 The trip to La Nouvelle Dame Marie took five hours in a rocky van.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

rockyadj.3

Brit. /ˈrɒki/, U.S. /ˈrɑki/
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rock n.3, -y suffix1.
Etymology: < rock n.3 + -y suffix1.
colloquial (originally U.S.).
Designating, relating to, or characteristic of rock music; (of music) featuring loud, distorted guitars and a strong rhythm.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > pop music > [adjective] > qualities of pop
metal?1518
anthemic1890
Afro-Latin-American1900
sun-kissed1907
heavy1937
Latin American1937
Memphis1938
sun-drenched1943
indie1945
rockish1955
hardcore1957
doo-wop1958
middle of the road1959
Latin1962
straight-ahead1964
easy listening1965
Motown1965
funky1967
post-rock1967
rocky1967
rock-out1968
funkadelic1969
funked out1970
grungy1971
punk1971
grunge1972
Philly1972
dub1973
drum and bass1975
disco funky1976
punkish1976
reggaefied1976
Britpop1977
post-punk1977
anarcho-punk1979
rap1980
trash rock1980
crunchy1981
industrial1981
New Romantic1981
rockist1981
garage1982
hip-hop1982
thrashy1982
urban1982
Gothic1983
hip-hopping1983
beat-box1984
lo-fi1986
technoid1986
hip-house1987
acid house1988
new jack1988
old school1988
techno1988
baggy1990
banging1990
gangsta1990
filthy1991
handbaggy1991
nu skool1991
sampladelic1991
junglist1993
1967 Los Angeles Times 13 Aug. (Calendar section) 29/1 Herb Alpert's A&M record label has burgeoned from an output of middle-of-the-road best-selling music into rockier, but also best-selling, paths.
1972 M. Saunders Phonograph Rec. (Electronic ed.) Oct. In an attempt to guess what's expected of them, will they try and come up with some more rocky stuff?
1986 Washington Post 2 May 15/1 It has, after all, gotten him through almost every door there is in popular music, since his earlier, rockier days with First Edition.
2001 Computer Music May 54/3 We've also seen a trend that things are getting a bit more rocky, and mixing rock, R&B and hip-hop.
This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1919adj.1?c1475adj.21737adj.31967
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