reclamationn.

Brit.

/ˌrɛkləˈmeɪʃn/, U.S.

/ˌrɛkləˈmeɪʃ(ə)n/

Forms: late Middle English reclamacion, 1500s reclamacyon, 1500s– reclamation, 1700s reclaimation; Scottish pre-1700 reaclamatioun, pre-1700 reclamacioun, pre-1700 reclamatioun, pre-1700 1700s– reclamation.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French reclamation; Latin reclāmātiōn-, reclāmātiō.

Etymology: < Middle French reclamation (French réclamation ) action of claiming or demanding, action of opposing (13th cent. in Old French) and its etymon classical Latin reclāmātiōn-, reclāmātiō shout of disapproval or protest, in post-classical Latin also claim, counterclaim (8th cent.; from 11th cent. in British sources), appeal (9th cent.) < reclāmāt- , past participial stem of reclāmāre reclaim v. + -iō -ion suffix¹. Compare Old Occitan reclamacion (13th cent.), Catalan reclamació (1390), Spanish reclamación (15th cent.), Portuguese reclamação (1409), Italian reclamazione (a1536). Compare reclaim n.¹, reclaiming n.

1. The action of revoking (a concession, grant, etc.). Also: the action of renouncing (vows); an instance of this. Now chiefly historical.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > memory > effacement, obliteration > cancellation, revocation > [noun]

revoking1395

revocationc1400

cassationc1425

annulling1449

reclamationa1475

annulmenta1492

retractation1531

disannulling1533

abrogation1535

cancellation1535

retraction1536

extinguishment1537

undoing1540

abrenunciation1557

revocating1570

reversement1572

revokement1573

annihilation1579

revocatory1579

annullity1586

retroversion1587

rescission1594

recall1597

recision1606

disannulment1611

repeal1612

rasurea1616

cancelment1621

retractinga1624

cancelling1631

extinction1651

circumduction1726

cassing1844

recallment1845

cancel1884

a1475 in A. Clark Eng. Reg. Godstow Nunnery (1906) ii. 599 (MED) Robert Aubre..yaf and graunted..to Roger..thre acres and an half of arable lond..To have and to hold..without any impedyment or ony other reclamacion or vexacion of hym.

1577 M. Hanmer tr. Bp. Eusebius in Aunc. Eccl. Hist. vii. x. 130 The suffring of reclamations, perils, persecutions,..and sundry tribulations which happened..vnder Decius.

1611 J. Florio Queen Anna's New World of Words at Richiamo A reclamation, a reuokeing.

1820 C. R. Maturin Melmoth I. v. 339 I am instructed that this reclamation of your vows may be carried on in a civil court.

1965 T. L. Suttor Hierarchy & Democracy Austral., 1788–1870 ii. 82 Several of the community presented a formal reclamation against their vows at this time.

†a. Scots Law. An appeal. Cf. reclaim v. 4e. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > judging > appeal or review > [noun] > appeal

appeal1297

redress1467

reclamation1501

appellationa1513

devolution1593

1501 Acts Lords of Council Civil Cases X. f. 89^v Lik as thai sall deliuer but revocacioun reclamacioun or appellacioun in tyme tocum.

1563–4 Reg. Privy Council Scotl. 1st Ser. I. 264 Quhilk decrete..thai..sall abide,..but ony appellatioun, reclamatioun, or agane calling quhatsumevir.

1579 Reg. Privy Council Scotl. 1st Ser. III. 169 To obey thair declaratioun and jugement, without reclamatioun, appellatioun, or contradictioun.

c1600 J. Balfour Practicks (1754) Index 1 Who may be Arbiters, their Number, Election, Oversman, Acceptation... Rules and Decisions concerning their Decreets... Of their Interpretation, Execution, Homologation, or Reclamation against them.

1643 in W. G. Robertson Church Ann. Cullen (1938) 69 All in one voyce but reclamation or gainsaying of any.

1698 W. Wake Appeal in Behalf King's Eccles. Supremacy 82 They [sc. Synods] have Legis-lative Power, to make Rules and Constitutions, for keeping Good Order in the Kirk,—And all this without any Reclamation, or Appellation, to any Judge, Civil or Ecclesiastical.

1707 J. Spotiswood Introd. Knowl. Stile Writs Scotl. 213 Both the said Parties for themselves, and taking burden for their respective Partners, bind and oblige them, their Heirs, Executors and Successors, to stand, abide thereat, underlye and fulfil the same, butt any Appellation or Reclamation whatsoever.

b. The action of protesting, objecting, or of expressing disapproval; opposition, disagreement; an instance of this, esp. a formal objection. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > request > protesting or remonstrance > [noun]

complaint1374

exclamation1430

reclamation1533

barking1549

remonstrance1593

remonstration1605

querulation1614

remonstrating1647

queruling1838

Protestantism1854

1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome (1901) I. iii. ix. 281 Nochtwithstanding ony reclamacioun of tribunis [L. reclamantibus tribunis], twa strang armyis belive war rasit.

1535 W. Marshall tr. Marsilius of Padua Def. of Peace ii. xxx. f. 137 It hath ben obserued in dede without reclamacyon or grudge of the olde fathers & pastores of the bysshoppes of Rome.

1631 R. Bolton Instr. Right Comf. Affl. Consciences 26 The many secret grumblings, and stinging reclamations of a gauled conscience against its present guilty courses.

1650 J. Bulwer Anthropometamorphosis 131 An act..done against the reclamation of the Law of Nature.

1788 T. Jefferson Let. 9 Aug. in Papers (1956) XIII. 486 They are accordingly yielding daily to the national reclamations, and will probably end in according a well tempered constitution.

1793 Paine in J. Sparks Life & Writ. G. Morris (1832) I. 417 A reply is necessary, were it only to continue the reclamation.

a1802 J. Moore Wks. (1820) IV. 88 The electors of the tiers-etat of Paris immediately met, and published what they called a reclamation against the decree of the council.

1833 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Feb. 241/1 In England there is a universal reclamation against this war.

1846 W. S. Landor Imaginary Conversat. in Wks. II. 135/2 That two of the perpetrators might be kept on their thrones, against the reclamation of their subjects.

1872 R. A. Proctor Ess. Astron. iv. 60 My reclamation was not well received.

2006 S. McSheffrey Marriage, Sex, & Civic Culture Late Medieval London i. i. 37 When summoned to answer for his reclamation against their banns, he explained how and why he made his protest.

a. The action of claiming something (formerly in one's legal possession) back or of reasserting a legal right; the legal right to make such an action; an instance of this. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > dueness or propriety > [noun] > claiming as due or right > for return of something

reclaim1560

reclamationc1626

c1626 H. Bisset Rolment Courtis (1922) II. 232 The maisteris of the schipis..may reclame the saidis twa thriddis allanerlie and command to mak the said reclamatioun within saidis twa monethis.

1640 H. Glapthorne Ladies Priviledge iii. sig. E I could wish The sweetnesse of your vertue would vouchsafe To lay a reclamation of your love.

1740 J. Stewart Information for Sir J. Stewart 19 The Period within which the Reclamation of the Goods is to be held as de recenti, and after which it is considered as ex intervallo.

1787 T. Jefferson Writings (1859) II. 114 The difference of religion was not once mentioned, nor did it appear to me to be thought of. It was a silent reclamation and acknowledgment of fraternity, between two religions of the same family.

1829 W. S. Landor Imaginary Conversat. 2nd Ser. II. vii. 327 [Popes never] pardon a reclamation made on any side for redress.

1834 Rep. Copy-right Case Wheaton versus Peters 23 Our system of laws abounds in instances of the most arbitrary rules for the..protection and reclamation of property, where the possession has been parted with.

1851 Times 26 Mar. 6/1 The reclamation of his Highness, independently of its being legitimate, has..the advantage of being in conformity with precedent.

1873 R. Browning Red Cotton Night-cap Country ii. 111 They quarrelled..from reclamation of her rights To wifely independence.

1902 in G. W. Crichfield Amer. Supremacy (1908) II. xi. 163 It is not the denial of justice by the courts alone which may form the basis for reclamation against a nation according to the rules of international law.

1913 North-China Herald 22 Mar. 875/2 He [sc. Sun Yat-Sen]..advocated the reclamation of rights for railway construction and control which had been granted to foreigners in various treaties.

1996 Guardian (Nexis) 2 Nov. 16 They offer cost-effective management through a well diversified portfolio and safe-custody and administration, including reclamation of tax.

b. A reassertion of a relationship or connection with something; a re-evaluation of a term, concept, etc., in a more positive or suitable way. Also: the action of making such a reassertion or re-evaluation. Cf. reclaim v. 9d.

ΚΠ

1981 Jrnl. Aesthetic Educ. 15 90 The reclamation of women's art heritage, including a reevaluation of the low status accorded to activities characterized as domestic crafts, decoration, and dilettantism, needs to be explored.

1986 E. O'Callaghan E. Brodber in D. C. Dance Fifty Carib. Writers 77 She learns that reclamation of herself and her history must also be a reclamation of ‘those people’ as part of her Black ancestry, her Black community.

1997 Village Voice (N.Y.) 27 May 82/1 The author and performer of The Vagina Monologues, Ensler went on to offer an astonishingly touching reclamation of the C-word.

2000 C. Kramarae & D. Spender Routledge Internat. Encycl. of Women: Global Women's Issues & Knowl. IV. 1716 The use of the term queer marks a reclamation of a term that had previously been used pejoratively in English-speaking countries.

a. The action, fact, or process of reforming a person morally and spiritually; the saving of a person from a way of life considered immoral, dissolute, or otherwise undesirable; reformation, moral improvement; redemption, reformation.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > virtue > righteousness or rectitude > reform, amendment, or correction > [noun]

chastyinga1300

amendmentc1300

risingc1350

castigationc1397

reclaima1400

reformation1425

emendationc1540

emendingc1542

recovery1542

reparence1556

emendment1569

reduction1610

reclamation1629

reclaimer1650

reform1738

1629 F. Lenton (title) Young gallants whirligigg demonstrating the inordinate affections, absurd actions, and profuse expences, of vnbridled and affectated Youth... Together with..the rare, or too late regression and reclamation of most of them from their habituall ill customes.

1633 T. Adams Comm. 2 Peter (iii. 17) 1485 To them that wilfully continue in a state of sinne, there is a monument of Reclamation; the Lake of Sodome.

1640 Bp. J. Hall Episcopacie Ep. Ded. 4 The fervent desire of whose reclamation..hath put my pen upon this..taske.

1709 Tatler No. 71. ⁋5 These out of many such irregular Practices, I write for his Reclaimation.

1806 T. S. Surr Winter in London III. ix. 261 [She] experienced the joy of receiving her prodigal son, after having for ever yielded up all hopes of his reclamation from a state worse than death.

1849 F. W. Robertson Serm. (1876) 4th Ser. xxii. 266 It is meet that God should be glad on the reclamation of a sinner.

1867 W. D. Howells Ital. Journeys 141 There were altogether some hundred boys in the first stages of reclamation.

1912 P. I. Roberts Dry Dock of Thousand Wrecks vii. 96 The specific work of the McAuley Mission is..the rescue and reclamation of drunkards.

1961 K. C. Lamott Chron. San Quentin i. 15 The discipline necessary to the proper training of criminals and their reclamation from vice would be much more effectually enforced.

2005 Edmonton (Alberta) (Nexis) 4 Mar. e4 In [the film] Hoosiers, everything goes according to plan—including the drunk's..reclamation through the game.

b. The action of civilizing a people considered wild or savage; the removing or saving of a people from a way of life considered as uncivilized. Now rare and historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > customs, values, and civilization > civilization > [noun] > civilizing

civilizing1611

civilization1656

reclamation1750

debarbarization1848

1750 Gent. of Middle Temple Crit. Rev. Liberties Brit. Subj. 118 Must it not again revert to it's ancient Barbarism and Ruins? And..have the same Talk of Reduction or Reclamation of the Natives to undergo again?

1868 J. E. T. Rogers Man. Polit. Econ. xviii. 241 The reclamation of nations..from barbarous customs, is gained from experience as to the humanising influences of honest trade.

1921 E. Kinsburn Gems of Promise v. 37 One of the venturesome knights who came out from old Spain to lend their arms to the reclamation of a savage people.

†5. An echoing shout. Cf. reclaim v. 7d. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > cry or shout (loudness) > [noun] > echoing shout

roll1602

reclamationa1639

a1639 H. Wotton Difference & Disparity Duke of Buckingham & Earl of Essex in Reliquiæ Wottonianæ (1651) 48 So many thousand Citizens..made within the reach of his own ears large reclamations in his praise.

a. The conversion of wasteland, esp. land previously under water, into land fit for use, e.g. for cultivation or construction; an instance of this. Frequently attributive. Cf. land reclamation n. at land n.¹ Compounds 1a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > reclamation > [noun]

amendment1483

improvement1549

improvinga1563

recoverya1632

mendment1644

cultivation1791

reclaim1799

reclamation1810

intaking1812

redemption1812

clearing1821

reclaimment1852

land reclamation1881

breaking-in1891

greening1955

1810 Trans. Dublin Soc. 6 12 It would appear that the profit of recovering those 4,000 acres of inundated lands would be more than equivalent to defray the entire cost both of their own reclamation, and of the drainage of all the bogs in this district.

1848 J. S. Mill Let. 3 Feb. in W. Ward Aubrey de Vere (1904) iv. 132 I look much more than you do to reclamation of waste lands.

a1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. 745/2 Reclamation Plow, a plow for breaking new land.

1886 Manch. Examiner 22 Feb. 6/1 There have been reclamations of fresh land by means of the enclosure of commons.

1919 G. Hough Sagebrusher 250 The camp of the reclamation engineers and construction men lay upon a bench or plateau.

1929 Econ. Geogr. 5 322/2 It is the summons to a sounder use of our land, to a reclamation of our waste places.

1970 New Yorker 15 Aug. 32/1 The Dutch..knew..how difficult and dirty any sort of reclamation work could be.

1991 South Aug. 60/3 In addition firms have also lodged their details for the reclamation needed to create the 1,200 ha airport site.

2006 F. G. Bell & L. J. Donnelly Mining & Impact on Environm. i. 17 Reclamation has been used in a general way simply to mean returning a mine site to some other land use.

b. The action or process of recovering waste products or material for reuse; recycling. In later use frequently attributive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > [noun] > re-use > making available for

reclamation1909

recirculation1916

salvage1918

1909 Pop. Mech. Dec. Contents 6/1 20 Thousand Tons of San Francisco Fire Scrap Iron... What Reclamation Costs.

1913 Indiana (Pa.) Evening Gaz. 10 Mar. 1/4 Work on one of the buildings, that for the reclamation of scrap iron, is now under construction.

1937 Iron Age 5 Aug. 36/2 This..has been largely responsible for the extended use of the spray process in applying this metal both for the protection of new parts and for the reclamation of worn or unserviceable items.

1962 A. Nisbett Technique Sound Studio vii. 133 In BBC practice reclamation also includes not only checking through the tape to remove spacers, trailers, etc...but also removing all temporary joints and replacing them by cemented joints.

1970 New Society 5 Mar. 387/3 The reclamation industry reckons it saves Britain £1,000 million by reclaiming otherwise imported material.

1990 Earth Matters Spring 4/1 Cardiff will be launched as..Recycling City in an initiative, supported by UK2000, British Telecom and a number of reclamation and packaging companies.

1999 C. Christ Production-Integrated Environm. Protection iv. 166 One question is whether reclamation of materials may harm the environment more than it helps.

Compounds

reclamation disease n. [after German Urbarmachungskrankheit (B. Sjollema 1933, in Biochem. Zeitschr. 267 151)] Plant Pathology any of a group of disorders affecting crops grown on reclaimed land, caused by deficiency or excess of trace elements (typically copper) and characterized by symptoms such as distortion and chlorosis of leaves, and failure of affected plants to set seed.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > associated with particular type of plant > crop or food plant

blast1750

speaning brash1872

reclamation disease1937

1937 F. T. Heald Introd. Plant Pathol. xviii. 365 The curative value of boron has also been demonstrated for the ‘reclamation or bog disease’, a trouble characteristic of swampy heath soils in European countries.

1941 Geogr. Jrnl. 98 280 The..curious ‘reclamation disease’ occurs, requiring the addition of about 35–55lb. copper sulphate per acre.

1974 J. P. Andriesse Trop. Lowland Peats South-east Asia 22 Sphagnum peats..are in general notorious for their low contents in trace elements causing various reclamation diseases in crops.

1993 Jrnl. Animal Sci. 71 3167/1 Copper deficiency has frequently been observed when acid Histosols are brought into agricultural production giving rise to the term ‘reclamation disease’.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	reclamation
释义	reclamationn. Brit. /ˌrɛkləˈmeɪʃn/, U.S. /ˌrɛkləˈmeɪʃ(ə)n/ Forms: late Middle English reclamacion, 1500s reclamacyon, 1500s– reclamation, 1700s reclaimation; Scottish pre-1700 reaclamatioun, pre-1700 reclamacioun, pre-1700 reclamatioun, pre-1700 1700s– reclamation. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French reclamation; Latin reclāmātiōn-, reclāmātiō. Etymology: < Middle French reclamation (French réclamation ) action of claiming or demanding, action of opposing (13th cent. in Old French) and its etymon classical Latin reclāmātiōn-, reclāmātiō shout of disapproval or protest, in post-classical Latin also claim, counterclaim (8th cent.; from 11th cent. in British sources), appeal (9th cent.) < reclāmāt- , past participial stem of reclāmāre reclaim v. + -iō -ion suffix¹. Compare Old Occitan reclamacion (13th cent.), Catalan reclamació (1390), Spanish reclamación (15th cent.), Portuguese reclamação (1409), Italian reclamazione (a1536). Compare reclaim n.¹, reclaiming n. 1. The action of revoking (a concession, grant, etc.). Also: the action of renouncing (vows); an instance of this. Now chiefly historical. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > memory > effacement, obliteration > cancellation, revocation > [noun] revoking1395 revocationc1400 cassationc1425 annulling1449 reclamationa1475 annulmenta1492 retractation1531 disannulling1533 abrogation1535 cancellation1535 retraction1536 extinguishment1537 undoing1540 abrenunciation1557 revocating1570 reversement1572 revokement1573 annihilation1579 revocatory1579 annullity1586 retroversion1587 rescission1594 recall1597 recision1606 disannulment1611 repeal1612 rasurea1616 cancelment1621 retractinga1624 cancelling1631 extinction1651 circumduction1726 cassing1844 recallment1845 cancel1884 a1475 in A. Clark Eng. Reg. Godstow Nunnery (1906) ii. 599 (MED) Robert Aubre..yaf and graunted..to Roger..thre acres and an half of arable lond..To have and to hold..without any impedyment or ony other reclamacion or vexacion of hym. 1577 M. Hanmer tr. Bp. Eusebius in Aunc. Eccl. Hist. vii. x. 130 The suffring of reclamations, perils, persecutions,..and sundry tribulations which happened..vnder Decius. 1611 J. Florio Queen Anna's New World of Words at Richiamo A reclamation, a reuokeing. 1820 C. R. Maturin Melmoth I. v. 339 I am instructed that this reclamation of your vows may be carried on in a civil court. 1965 T. L. Suttor Hierarchy & Democracy Austral., 1788–1870 ii. 82 Several of the community presented a formal reclamation against their vows at this time. 2. †a. Scots Law. An appeal. Cf. reclaim v. 4e. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > judging > appeal or review > [noun] > appeal appeal1297 redress1467 reclamation1501 appellationa1513 devolution1593 1501 Acts Lords of Council Civil Cases X. f. 89^v Lik as thai sall deliuer but revocacioun reclamacioun or appellacioun in tyme tocum. 1563–4 Reg. Privy Council Scotl. 1st Ser. I. 264 Quhilk decrete..thai..sall abide,..but ony appellatioun, reclamatioun, or agane calling quhatsumevir. 1579 Reg. Privy Council Scotl. 1st Ser. III. 169 To obey thair declaratioun and jugement, without reclamatioun, appellatioun, or contradictioun. c1600 J. Balfour Practicks (1754) Index 1 Who may be Arbiters, their Number, Election, Oversman, Acceptation... Rules and Decisions concerning their Decreets... Of their Interpretation, Execution, Homologation, or Reclamation against them. 1643 in W. G. Robertson Church Ann. Cullen (1938) 69 All in one voyce but reclamation or gainsaying of any. 1698 W. Wake Appeal in Behalf King's Eccles. Supremacy 82 They [sc. Synods] have Legis-lative Power, to make Rules and Constitutions, for keeping Good Order in the Kirk,—And all this without any Reclamation, or Appellation, to any Judge, Civil or Ecclesiastical. 1707 J. Spotiswood Introd. Knowl. Stile Writs Scotl. 213 Both the said Parties for themselves, and taking burden for their respective Partners, bind and oblige them, their Heirs, Executors and Successors, to stand, abide thereat, underlye and fulfil the same, butt any Appellation or Reclamation whatsoever. b. The action of protesting, objecting, or of expressing disapproval; opposition, disagreement; an instance of this, esp. a formal objection. Now historical. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > request > protesting or remonstrance > [noun] complaint1374 exclamation1430 reclamation1533 barking1549 remonstrance1593 remonstration1605 querulation1614 remonstrating1647 queruling1838 Protestantism1854 1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome (1901) I. iii. ix. 281 Nochtwithstanding ony reclamacioun of tribunis [L. reclamantibus tribunis], twa strang armyis belive war rasit. 1535 W. Marshall tr. Marsilius of Padua Def. of Peace ii. xxx. f. 137 It hath ben obserued in dede without reclamacyon or grudge of the olde fathers & pastores of the bysshoppes of Rome. 1631 R. Bolton Instr. Right Comf. Affl. Consciences 26 The many secret grumblings, and stinging reclamations of a gauled conscience against its present guilty courses. 1650 J. Bulwer Anthropometamorphosis 131 An act..done against the reclamation of the Law of Nature. 1788 T. Jefferson Let. 9 Aug. in Papers (1956) XIII. 486 They are accordingly yielding daily to the national reclamations, and will probably end in according a well tempered constitution. 1793 Paine in J. Sparks Life & Writ. G. Morris (1832) I. 417 A reply is necessary, were it only to continue the reclamation. a1802 J. Moore Wks. (1820) IV. 88 The electors of the tiers-etat of Paris immediately met, and published what they called a reclamation against the decree of the council. 1833 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Feb. 241/1 In England there is a universal reclamation against this war. 1846 W. S. Landor Imaginary Conversat. in Wks. II. 135/2 That two of the perpetrators might be kept on their thrones, against the reclamation of their subjects. 1872 R. A. Proctor Ess. Astron. iv. 60 My reclamation was not well received. 2006 S. McSheffrey Marriage, Sex, & Civic Culture Late Medieval London i. i. 37 When summoned to answer for his reclamation against their banns, he explained how and why he made his protest. 3. a. The action of claiming something (formerly in one's legal possession) back or of reasserting a legal right; the legal right to make such an action; an instance of this. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ society > morality > dueness or propriety > [noun] > claiming as due or right > for return of something reclaim1560 reclamationc1626 c1626 H. Bisset Rolment Courtis (1922) II. 232 The maisteris of the schipis..may reclame the saidis twa thriddis allanerlie and command to mak the said reclamatioun within saidis twa monethis. 1640 H. Glapthorne Ladies Priviledge iii. sig. E I could wish The sweetnesse of your vertue would vouchsafe To lay a reclamation of your love. 1740 J. Stewart Information for Sir J. Stewart 19 The Period within which the Reclamation of the Goods is to be held as de recenti, and after which it is considered as ex intervallo. 1787 T. Jefferson Writings (1859) II. 114 The difference of religion was not once mentioned, nor did it appear to me to be thought of. It was a silent reclamation and acknowledgment of fraternity, between two religions of the same family. 1829 W. S. Landor Imaginary Conversat. 2nd Ser. II. vii. 327 [Popes never] pardon a reclamation made on any side for redress. 1834 Rep. Copy-right Case Wheaton versus Peters 23 Our system of laws abounds in instances of the most arbitrary rules for the..protection and reclamation of property, where the possession has been parted with. 1851 Times 26 Mar. 6/1 The reclamation of his Highness, independently of its being legitimate, has..the advantage of being in conformity with precedent. 1873 R. Browning Red Cotton Night-cap Country ii. 111 They quarrelled..from reclamation of her rights To wifely independence. 1902 in G. W. Crichfield Amer. Supremacy (1908) II. xi. 163 It is not the denial of justice by the courts alone which may form the basis for reclamation against a nation according to the rules of international law. 1913 North-China Herald 22 Mar. 875/2 He [sc. Sun Yat-Sen]..advocated the reclamation of rights for railway construction and control which had been granted to foreigners in various treaties. 1996 Guardian (Nexis) 2 Nov. 16 They offer cost-effective management through a well diversified portfolio and safe-custody and administration, including reclamation of tax. b. A reassertion of a relationship or connection with something; a re-evaluation of a term, concept, etc., in a more positive or suitable way. Also: the action of making such a reassertion or re-evaluation. Cf. reclaim v. 9d. ΚΠ 1981 Jrnl. Aesthetic Educ. 15 90 The reclamation of women's art heritage, including a reevaluation of the low status accorded to activities characterized as domestic crafts, decoration, and dilettantism, needs to be explored. 1986 E. O'Callaghan E. Brodber in D. C. Dance Fifty Carib. Writers 77 She learns that reclamation of herself and her history must also be a reclamation of ‘those people’ as part of her Black ancestry, her Black community. 1997 Village Voice (N.Y.) 27 May 82/1 The author and performer of The Vagina Monologues, Ensler went on to offer an astonishingly touching reclamation of the C-word. 2000 C. Kramarae & D. Spender Routledge Internat. Encycl. of Women: Global Women's Issues & Knowl. IV. 1716 The use of the term queer marks a reclamation of a term that had previously been used pejoratively in English-speaking countries. 4. a. The action, fact, or process of reforming a person morally and spiritually; the saving of a person from a way of life considered immoral, dissolute, or otherwise undesirable; reformation, moral improvement; redemption, reformation. ΘΚΠ society > morality > virtue > righteousness or rectitude > reform, amendment, or correction > [noun] chastyinga1300 amendmentc1300 risingc1350 castigationc1397 reclaima1400 reformation1425 emendationc1540 emendingc1542 recovery1542 reparence1556 emendment1569 reduction1610 reclamation1629 reclaimer1650 reform1738 1629 F. Lenton (title) Young gallants whirligigg demonstrating the inordinate affections, absurd actions, and profuse expences, of vnbridled and affectated Youth... Together with..the rare, or too late regression and reclamation of most of them from their habituall ill customes. 1633 T. Adams Comm. 2 Peter (iii. 17) 1485 To them that wilfully continue in a state of sinne, there is a monument of Reclamation; the Lake of Sodome. 1640 Bp. J. Hall Episcopacie Ep. Ded. 4 The fervent desire of whose reclamation..hath put my pen upon this..taske. 1709 Tatler No. 71. ⁋5 These out of many such irregular Practices, I write for his Reclaimation. 1806 T. S. Surr Winter in London III. ix. 261 [She] experienced the joy of receiving her prodigal son, after having for ever yielded up all hopes of his reclamation from a state worse than death. 1849 F. W. Robertson Serm. (1876) 4th Ser. xxii. 266 It is meet that God should be glad on the reclamation of a sinner. 1867 W. D. Howells Ital. Journeys 141 There were altogether some hundred boys in the first stages of reclamation. 1912 P. I. Roberts Dry Dock of Thousand Wrecks vii. 96 The specific work of the McAuley Mission is..the rescue and reclamation of drunkards. 1961 K. C. Lamott Chron. San Quentin i. 15 The discipline necessary to the proper training of criminals and their reclamation from vice would be much more effectually enforced. 2005 Edmonton (Alberta) (Nexis) 4 Mar. e4 In [the film] Hoosiers, everything goes according to plan—including the drunk's..reclamation through the game. b. The action of civilizing a people considered wild or savage; the removing or saving of a people from a way of life considered as uncivilized. Now rare and historical. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > customs, values, and civilization > civilization > [noun] > civilizing civilizing1611 civilization1656 reclamation1750 debarbarization1848 1750 Gent. of Middle Temple Crit. Rev. Liberties Brit. Subj. 118 Must it not again revert to it's ancient Barbarism and Ruins? And..have the same Talk of Reduction or Reclamation of the Natives to undergo again? 1868 J. E. T. Rogers Man. Polit. Econ. xviii. 241 The reclamation of nations..from barbarous customs, is gained from experience as to the humanising influences of honest trade. 1921 E. Kinsburn Gems of Promise v. 37 One of the venturesome knights who came out from old Spain to lend their arms to the reclamation of a savage people. †5. An echoing shout. Cf. reclaim v. 7d. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > cry or shout (loudness) > [noun] > echoing shout roll1602 reclamationa1639 a1639 H. Wotton Difference & Disparity Duke of Buckingham & Earl of Essex in Reliquiæ Wottonianæ (1651) 48 So many thousand Citizens..made within the reach of his own ears large reclamations in his praise. 6. a. The conversion of wasteland, esp. land previously under water, into land fit for use, e.g. for cultivation or construction; an instance of this. Frequently attributive. Cf. land reclamation n. at land n.¹ Compounds 1a. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > reclamation > [noun] amendment1483 improvement1549 improvinga1563 recoverya1632 mendment1644 cultivation1791 reclaim1799 reclamation1810 intaking1812 redemption1812 clearing1821 reclaimment1852 land reclamation1881 breaking-in1891 greening1955 1810 Trans. Dublin Soc. 6 12 It would appear that the profit of recovering those 4,000 acres of inundated lands would be more than equivalent to defray the entire cost both of their own reclamation, and of the drainage of all the bogs in this district. 1848 J. S. Mill Let. 3 Feb. in W. Ward Aubrey de Vere (1904) iv. 132 I look much more than you do to reclamation of waste lands. a1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. 745/2 Reclamation Plow, a plow for breaking new land. 1886 Manch. Examiner 22 Feb. 6/1 There have been reclamations of fresh land by means of the enclosure of commons. 1919 G. Hough Sagebrusher 250 The camp of the reclamation engineers and construction men lay upon a bench or plateau. 1929 Econ. Geogr. 5 322/2 It is the summons to a sounder use of our land, to a reclamation of our waste places. 1970 New Yorker 15 Aug. 32/1 The Dutch..knew..how difficult and dirty any sort of reclamation work could be. 1991 South Aug. 60/3 In addition firms have also lodged their details for the reclamation needed to create the 1,200 ha airport site. 2006 F. G. Bell & L. J. Donnelly Mining & Impact on Environm. i. 17 Reclamation has been used in a general way simply to mean returning a mine site to some other land use. b. The action or process of recovering waste products or material for reuse; recycling. In later use frequently attributive. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > [noun] > re-use > making available for reclamation1909 recirculation1916 salvage1918 1909 Pop. Mech. Dec. Contents 6/1 20 Thousand Tons of San Francisco Fire Scrap Iron... What Reclamation Costs. 1913 Indiana (Pa.) Evening Gaz. 10 Mar. 1/4 Work on one of the buildings, that for the reclamation of scrap iron, is now under construction. 1937 Iron Age 5 Aug. 36/2 This..has been largely responsible for the extended use of the spray process in applying this metal both for the protection of new parts and for the reclamation of worn or unserviceable items. 1962 A. Nisbett Technique Sound Studio vii. 133 In BBC practice reclamation also includes not only checking through the tape to remove spacers, trailers, etc...but also removing all temporary joints and replacing them by cemented joints. 1970 New Society 5 Mar. 387/3 The reclamation industry reckons it saves Britain £1,000 million by reclaiming otherwise imported material. 1990 Earth Matters Spring 4/1 Cardiff will be launched as..Recycling City in an initiative, supported by UK2000, British Telecom and a number of reclamation and packaging companies. 1999 C. Christ Production-Integrated Environm. Protection iv. 166 One question is whether reclamation of materials may harm the environment more than it helps. Compounds reclamation disease n. [after German Urbarmachungskrankheit (B. Sjollema 1933, in Biochem. Zeitschr. 267 151)] Plant Pathology any of a group of disorders affecting crops grown on reclaimed land, caused by deficiency or excess of trace elements (typically copper) and characterized by symptoms such as distortion and chlorosis of leaves, and failure of affected plants to set seed. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > associated with particular type of plant > crop or food plant blast1750 speaning brash1872 reclamation disease1937 1937 F. T. Heald Introd. Plant Pathol. xviii. 365 The curative value of boron has also been demonstrated for the ‘reclamation or bog disease’, a trouble characteristic of swampy heath soils in European countries. 1941 Geogr. Jrnl. 98 280 The..curious ‘reclamation disease’ occurs, requiring the addition of about 35–55lb. copper sulphate per acre. 1974 J. P. Andriesse Trop. Lowland Peats South-east Asia 22 Sphagnum peats..are in general notorious for their low contents in trace elements causing various reclamation diseases in crops. 1993 Jrnl. Animal Sci. 71 3167/1 Copper deficiency has frequently been observed when acid Histosols are brought into agricultural production giving rise to the term ‘reclamation disease’. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1475
随便看	tooth-busting tooth-chattering tooth-chisel tooth-cleaner tooth-comb tooth-coralline tooth-cress tooth-dint tooth-doctor tooth-drawer tooth-drawing tooth-dye tooth-edge tooth-extracting tooth-extraction tooth-fee tooth-fern tooth-fever tooth-flower tooth-forceps tooth-germ tooth-gift tooth-glass tooth-gnasher tooth-iron