protopathicadj.

Brit.

/ˌprəʊtə(ʊ)ˈpaθɪk/, U.S.

/ˌproʊdoʊˈpæθɪk/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: proto- comb. form, -pathic comb. form.

Etymology: < proto- comb. form + -pathic comb. form, after protopathy n.Compare the following apparently isolated earlier use of protopathically:1657 W. Charleton Immortality Human Soul 160 What is capable of disease or misaffection, either protopathically, or sympathically, is doubtless capable of dissolution. Compare post-classical Latin protopathicus (1603 or earlier).

1. Medicine. Of a disease: = primary adj. 6. Cf. deuteropathic adj. at deuteropathy n. Derivatives. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > types > [adjective] > primary disease

idiopathetic1634

idiopathical1664

idiopathic1669

protopathic1714

substantive1815

1714 D. Turner De Morbis Cutaneis 34 The Cause of this Disease, whether Sympathic from abroad, or Protopathic ingender'd in the Blood.

1724 J. Crawford Cursus Medicinæ 267 In respect of the cause, they [sc. diseases] are idiopathic, sympathetic, protopathic, and deuteropathic, hereditary, connatural, or acquired.

1858 R. G. Mayne Expos. Lexicon Med. Sci. (1860) Protopathicus, term applied the same as Primary, to the symptoms of disease;..protopathic.

1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VII. 176 The atrophy was regarded as secondary to the lateral sclerosis, and hence these cases are called deuteropathic, in opposition to the protopathic cases of progressive muscular atrophy.

2002 Arch. Dermatol. 138 114 Electromyography showed a protopathic muscle abnormality in 3 patients.

2. Physiology. Designating forms of cutaneous sensibility that return first after regeneration of an injured sensory nerve, and which exhibit a relatively high threshold and low spatial discrimination. Also: relating to or involved in such forms of sensibility, which include sensations of temperature and pain. Cf. epicritic adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > study of body > study of nervous system > [adjective] > theory

protopathic1905

1905 H. Head et al. in Brain 28 106 The position of the point stimulated cannot be recognised and each stimulus causes a widespread radiating sensation... To this form of sensibility we propose to give the name ‘protopathic’.

1942 Brain 65 110 Head's protopathic and epicritic fibres..come to grief when they make contact with the hard facts of anatomy.

1958 Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 74 30 Return of protopathic sensibility commences about six weeks following section of the sensory nerves and is completed within six months.

1962 T. G. Hiebert Abbrev. Basic Med. Physiol. (ed. 4) i. iv. 23 The sensation of protopathic pain is mediated by free nerve endings which have a relatively high threshold (usually correlated with tissue damage or threat to tissue) and low discriminability.

1985 O. Sacks Man who mistook Wife xviii. 151 The need to inhibit what Head regarded as primordial, and full of feeling-tone and called ‘protopathic’, in order to allow the emergence of the sophisticated, categorising, affectless ‘epicritic’.

2001 J. S. Kim in J. Bogousslavsky & L. Caplan Stroke Syndromes (ed. 2) iv. 41/1 Failure to appreciate texture, size or shape of objects by palpation..despite relatively preserved protopathic (pain, thermal, vibration) sensations.

Compounds

protopathic bias n. Medicine bias introduced into a clinical study by subjects who have an undiagnosed disease.

ΚΠ

1979 R. Horwitz & A. Feinstein in Amer. Jrnl. Med. 66 556 The standards include a predetermined method of patient selection.., unbiased collection of data..and avoidance of protopathic bias in the compared groups.

1991 Jrnl. Clin. Epidemiol. 44 941 Previous studies have found an inverse relation between alcohol use and clinical gallstone disease, suggestive of a protective effect of alcohol use. However, [this may]..be explained by a reduction of alcohol use because of symptoms related to clinical gallstone disease (protopathic bias).

2004 H. M. Kremers & S. E. Gabriel in E. W. St. Clair et al. Rheumatoid Arthritis i. 6/1 A number of limitations exist within this study, including that of protopathic bias (i.e., that self-selection occurs for estrogen therapy at the menopause of those with undiagnosed joint symptoms).

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	protopathic
释义	protopathicadj. Brit. /ˌprəʊtə(ʊ)ˈpaθɪk/, U.S. /ˌproʊdoʊˈpæθɪk/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: proto- comb. form, -pathic comb. form. Etymology: < proto- comb. form + -pathic comb. form, after protopathy n.Compare the following apparently isolated earlier use of protopathically:1657 W. Charleton Immortality Human Soul 160 What is capable of disease or misaffection, either protopathically, or sympathically, is doubtless capable of dissolution. Compare post-classical Latin protopathicus (1603 or earlier). 1. Medicine. Of a disease: = primary adj. 6. Cf. deuteropathic adj. at deuteropathy n. Derivatives. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > types > [adjective] > primary disease idiopathetic1634 idiopathical1664 idiopathic1669 protopathic1714 substantive1815 1714 D. Turner De Morbis Cutaneis 34 The Cause of this Disease, whether Sympathic from abroad, or Protopathic ingender'd in the Blood. 1724 J. Crawford Cursus Medicinæ 267 In respect of the cause, they [sc. diseases] are idiopathic, sympathetic, protopathic, and deuteropathic, hereditary, connatural, or acquired. 1858 R. G. Mayne Expos. Lexicon Med. Sci. (1860) Protopathicus, term applied the same as Primary, to the symptoms of disease;..protopathic. 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VII. 176 The atrophy was regarded as secondary to the lateral sclerosis, and hence these cases are called deuteropathic, in opposition to the protopathic cases of progressive muscular atrophy. 2002 Arch. Dermatol. 138 114 Electromyography showed a protopathic muscle abnormality in 3 patients. 2. Physiology. Designating forms of cutaneous sensibility that return first after regeneration of an injured sensory nerve, and which exhibit a relatively high threshold and low spatial discrimination. Also: relating to or involved in such forms of sensibility, which include sensations of temperature and pain. Cf. epicritic adj. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > study of body > study of nervous system > [adjective] > theory protopathic1905 1905 H. Head et al. in Brain 28 106 The position of the point stimulated cannot be recognised and each stimulus causes a widespread radiating sensation... To this form of sensibility we propose to give the name ‘protopathic’. 1942 Brain 65 110 Head's protopathic and epicritic fibres..come to grief when they make contact with the hard facts of anatomy. 1958 Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 74 30 Return of protopathic sensibility commences about six weeks following section of the sensory nerves and is completed within six months. 1962 T. G. Hiebert Abbrev. Basic Med. Physiol. (ed. 4) i. iv. 23 The sensation of protopathic pain is mediated by free nerve endings which have a relatively high threshold (usually correlated with tissue damage or threat to tissue) and low discriminability. 1985 O. Sacks Man who mistook Wife xviii. 151 The need to inhibit what Head regarded as primordial, and full of feeling-tone and called ‘protopathic’, in order to allow the emergence of the sophisticated, categorising, affectless ‘epicritic’. 2001 J. S. Kim in J. Bogousslavsky & L. Caplan Stroke Syndromes (ed. 2) iv. 41/1 Failure to appreciate texture, size or shape of objects by palpation..despite relatively preserved protopathic (pain, thermal, vibration) sensations. Compounds protopathic bias n. Medicine bias introduced into a clinical study by subjects who have an undiagnosed disease. ΚΠ 1979 R. Horwitz & A. Feinstein in Amer. Jrnl. Med. 66 556 The standards include a predetermined method of patient selection.., unbiased collection of data..and avoidance of protopathic bias in the compared groups. 1991 Jrnl. Clin. Epidemiol. 44 941 Previous studies have found an inverse relation between alcohol use and clinical gallstone disease, suggestive of a protective effect of alcohol use. However, [this may]..be explained by a reduction of alcohol use because of symptoms related to clinical gallstone disease (protopathic bias). 2004 H. M. Kremers & S. E. Gabriel in E. W. St. Clair et al. Rheumatoid Arthritis i. 6/1 A number of limitations exist within this study, including that of protopathic bias (i.e., that self-selection occurs for estrogen therapy at the menopause of those with undiagnosed joint symptoms). This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < adj.1714
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