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单词 raccoon
释义

raccoonn.

Brit. /rəˈkuːn/, U.S. /ræˈkun/, /rəˈkun/
Forms:

α. 1600s rahaugcum, 1600s rahaughcum, 1600s rarowcun, 1600s raugroughcum.

β. 1600s arocoun, 1600s aroughcoune, 1600s aroughcun, 1700s arroughcan.

γ. 1600s raccoone, 1600s rackcame, 1600s rackoone, 1600s racoone, 1600s racoune, 1600s racowne, 1600s rockoone, 1600s rokoone, 1600s–1800s rackoon, 1600s– raccoon, 1600s– racoon.

Origin: A borrowing from Virginia Algonquian. Etymon: Virginia Algonquian aroughcun.
Etymology: < Virginia Algonquian aroughcun, aroughcoune (also transcribed as rahaugcum, rarowcun, raugroughcum, and arathkone), of unknown origin. The form raccoon is now more common than racoon , especially in North American use. Compare rattoon n.1
1. The dressed skin of the raccoon (see sense 2); (occasionally) a single dressed raccoon skin.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > skin or hide > skin with hair attached or fur > [noun] > of raccoon
raccoon1608
coon-skin1818
α.
1608 in J. Smith True Relation in Narr. Early Virginia (1907) 48 Their Emperour proudly lying upon a Bedstead a foote high, upon tenne or twelve Mattes, richly hung with manie Chaynes of great Pearles about his necke, and coverd with a great Covering of Rahaughcums.
γ. 1747 C. Colden Hist. Five Indian Nations Canada i. iii. 50 I lay down this as a Token, that we Mohawks have preserved the Chain intire on our Parts. Gives two Bevers and a Racoon.1765 Quebec Gaz. 20 June 3/1 To be sold at Public Vendue, on Friday Morning next..675 Racoons..1590 Musquash, [etc.].1791 N.-Y. Jrnl. & Patriotic Reg. 5 Oct. 315/3 A generous price given for all kinds of hatting furs, such as beaver,..racoon, cat, skunk, &c.1815 C. Wilt Let. in J. C. Luttig Jrnl. Exped. Upper Missouri (1920) 130 Raccoon from your country will not bring 62½c in Kentucky.1862 B. Taylor in Life & Lett. (1884) I. xvi. 404 With my pelisse of racoon and my cap of skunk-skin.1901–2 T. Eaton & Co. Catal. Fall–Winter 42/1 Alaska Sable... Black Persian Lamb... Raccoon.1951 R. T. Wilcox Mode in Furs vii. 157 As we write..natural sheared raccoon is coming to the fore.1976 ‘D. Halliday’ Dolly & Nanny Bird ii. 28 Hefty young men clad in Timberwolf, Raccoon, Scimmia, Tibetan Yak and Natural Unplucked Nutria.
2. An omnivorous, cat-sized American mammal of the genus Procyon (family Procyonidae), typically nocturnal and often arboreal; esp. the common P. lotor of North and Central America, which has a foxlike face with a black mask and a bushy ringed tail. Also: any mammal of this family; a procyonid. Cf. coon n.1 1a.First recorded in raccoon skin.There are usually considered to be just two species of raccoon, but a number of rare island forms are now sometimes treated as separate species.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Procyonidae (raccoons) > [noun] > genus Procyon (raccoon)
raccoon1610
rattoon1648
coon1742
Procyon1827
tree-bear1891
wash-bear1891
washer1891
washing racoon1891
α.
1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia iii. ii. 48 A great robe, made of Rarowcun skinnes.
β. 1610 True Declar. Estate Colonie Virginia 29 There are Arocouns, and Apossouns, in shape like to pigges. shrowded in hollow roots of trees.1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage viii. v. 636 Aroughcun much like a Badger, but liuing on trees like a Squirrell.1756 R. Rolt New Dict. Trade sig. Iv Arroughcan, an animal, found in Virginia, resembling the castor, except that it feeds, and leaps on trees, like the squirrel. The English set some value on its fur.γ. 1619 T. Middleton Triumphs Loue & Antiq. sig. D Beasts, bearing Furr..Miniuer, Racoone, Moashye, Woluerine.1637 T. Morton New Eng. Canaan ii. v. 78 The Racowne is a beast as bigg..as a Foxe, with a Bushtayle.1672 J. Josselyn New-Englands Rarities 17 The Raccoon liveth in hollow trees.1712 E. Cooke Voy. S. Sea 326 Of wild Creatures, there are Raccoons, Hares, Rabbits, &c.1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth IV. 333 The racoon, which some authors have called the Jamaica rat, is about the size of a small badger.1809 W. Irving Hist. N.Y. II. vi. 107 They were gallant bush-whackers and hunters of racoons by moon-light.1853 W. C. Bryant Poems (new ed.) 48 The lighter track Of fox, and the racoon's broad path, were there.1895 Outing 27 434/2 The American raccoon..is practically a bear.1927 A. C. Parker Indian How Bk. v. lvii. 253 Indians had pet woodchucks and raccoons. The coons were perhaps the favorites for they were full of antics.1973 Nature 28 Sept. 218/2 Its [sc. the giant panda's] closest affinities are with the ursids (bears) or procyonids (raccoons).1991 Birder's World Oct. 48/1 These latches were no problem for the clever raccoons. ‘Now we..use screws to secure the doors to the boxes... We're safe until we see a raccoon carrying around a tool belt.’

Compounds

C1. attributive, in the sense ‘made of raccoon fur or skin’, as raccoon cap, raccoon coat, raccoon collar, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > cap > types of > made from specific material > other
lettice cap1544
jack-cap1694
paper cap?1697
Dutch cap1726
napkin-cap1735
shell-cap1794
raccoon cap1840
1649 in J. H. Trumbull Public Rec. Colony Connecticut (1850) I. 497 An Inventory of the Estate of Mr. William Whiting..2 Racoone coats, 1 Wolf skin coate [etc.].
1840 Knickerbocker 16 163 He then made me a rakish raccoon-cap, with a flaunting tail to it.
a1847 in H. Howe Hist. Coll. Ohio (1847) 151 For..several years after the war, raccoon caps, with the fur outside..were almost universally worn.
1899 Manitoba Morning Free Press 8 Feb. 1/3 This gentleman was subsequently enabled..to add to his scanty wardrobe, a pair of rubbers and a raccoon coat.
1907 Yesterday's Shopping 881/1 Fur Motor Clothing... Russian Pony, natural Raccoon Collar, Overcoats..from £14 10 0... Natural Raccoon Overcoats..from £21 10 0.
1920 S. Lewis Main St. vii. 82 Kennicott was lordly in a long raccoon ulster and a new seal cap.
1933 F. P. Grove Fruits of Earth ii. xvii. 198 He sat..in an old raccoon coat and a wedge-shaped cap of muskrat.
1956 S. Longstreet Real Jazz xii. 95 He wore bell-bottomed trousers, a racoon coat, drove a Stutz Bearcat and played or danced to jazz a lot.
1976 ‘D. Halliday’ Dolly & Nanny Bird i. 14 Their raccoon hoods and new cross-stitched parkas.
1980 J. Donatilla Last Crime 26 He was on a raccoon rug on top of a circular bed.
1980 Times Countdown to Xmas 29 Nov. p. vii/3 Racoon jackets from £199.
1998 Star Tribune (Minneapolis) (Nexis) 3 May 1 e I had this image of a college kid in a raccoon coat with a ukulele.
C2.
raccoon hunt n.
ΚΠ
1840 Southern Literary Messenger 6 247 He admires..the dogs, and the horses, the opossum and raccoon-hunt.
1864 J. C. Geikie George Stanley xix. 320 I remember one racoon hunt.
1906 Bull. Amer. Geogr. Soc. 38 543 A specimen of the crab-dog..was being pursued in true raccoon-hunt fashion by a horde of negro boys.
1959 Lawton (Okla.) Constit. 8 Jan. 1/3 Gardner was on a raccoon hunt when the fire broke out.
2001 Afr. Amer. Rev. 35 230 Milkman is invited to a racoon hunt.
raccoon-hunting n. and adj.
ΚΠ
1809 A. Henry Trav. & Adventures Canada 131 Racoon-hunting was my..daily employ.
1851 Southern Literary Messenger 17 621 If I have not conveyed to you an idea of the picturesque in Raccoon hunting..you have only to look for yourself on your next trip to the country.
1931 Jrnl. Mammalogy 12 29 The thrilling uncertainty of raccoon hunting..has given him a great deal of pleasure in the fall for a good many years past.
1991 D. Morris Animalwatching 30 Chasing prey through the tree-tops is much more hazardous than pursuing them along the ground, as this raccoon-hunting puma is discovering.
raccoon skin n.
ΚΠ
1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia iii. ii. 48 A great robe, made of Rarowcun skinnes.
1633 in Documents & Rec. New Hampsh. (1867) I. 72 Received by me, Charles Neale..three racoon skins, and fourteene musquash skins.
1670 D. Denton Brief Descr. N.-Y. 3 Bevers, Otter, Raccoon skins, with other Furrs.
1723 New-Eng. Courant 14 Oct. 2/2 One of the Mohawks lately come to Town, has lost a Rackoon-Skin Bag, with some small Things in it.
1839 Southern Literary Messenger 5 99/1 His father..had suffered him to raise pocket money..by selling hare-skins and rackoon-skins.
1877 Presbyterian Q. & Princeton Rev. Jan. 75 Taxes were partly paid in raccoon skins, fox skins, and ‘wolfscalps’.
1903 J. Fox Little Shepherd i A small raccoon-skin haversack hung from one of the prongs.
1957 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 62 599 They may all ‘go in’ for..raccoon-skin caps, all unaware that others are doing the same thing.
2005 J. Eig Luckiest Man vii. 84 The Babe wore a long, raccoon-skin coat and made time to talk to some of the fans.
C3.
raccoon-berry n. U.S. regional either of two North American plants on which the raccoon feeds, the mayapple or mandrake, Podophyllum peltatum, and the snowberry, Symphoricarpos alba.
ΚΠ
1860 W. Darlington Amer. Weeds & Useful Plants (rev. ed.) 38 May-apple..is known in some parts of the country as Wild Lemon and Raccoon Berry.
1892 C. F. Millspaugh Medicinal Plants 17-1 Podophyllum... Com[mon] Names.—May-apple, Indian-apple,..Wild Jalap, Peca, Raccoon-berry, Mandrake.
1907 Amer. Anthropologist 9 105Raccoon-berry’, the fruit of Podophyllum peltatum and Symphoricarpus racemosus, on which the animal feeds.
1993 in T. Coffey Hist. & Folklore N. Amer. Wildflowers 25/2 Mayapple, Mandrake. Podophyllum peltatum... Mug-Apple, Parasols (Ohio)... Puck's-Foot, Raccoon-Berry, Umbrella-Plant, Umbrella-Root (Va.).
raccoon bridge n. now historical and rare a temporary or improvised bridge made from a felled sapling.
ΚΠ
1791 W. Bartram Trav. N. & S. Carolina 445 No other bridge than a sapling felled across it, which is called a raccoon bridge.
1793 P. Campbell Trav. Interior Parts N. Amer. 186 Crossing a deep swamp, ourselves on Racoon bridges, the portmantua Horse,..fell across a log [etc.].
1940 Amer. Speech 15 422 Bartram..is surprised at the ease with which an Indian trips along over a ‘raccoon bridge’.
1993 K. E. Holland Braund Deerskins & Duffels v. 93 Larger rivers and streams were overlaid by ‘raccoon bridges’, which were merely large trees felled across the banks.
raccoon dog n. a small, short-legged wild dog, Nyctereutes procyonoides, native to eastern Asia, having thick fur and a black facial mask resembling that of a raccoon.The raccoon dog was introduced to Russia for the fur trade and is now widespread in the wild in central and eastern Europe.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > [noun] > genus Nyctereutes (raccoon dog)
raccoon dog1868
raccoon-like dog1890
1833 J. E. Gray Illustr. Indian Zool. II. Pl. 1. (caption) Racoon-faced Dog.]
1868 Proc. Zool. Soc. 522 Raccoon Dog. Tail short, bushy.
1959 Times 23 Feb. 10/5 Two of the strangest members of the dog family arrived recently at the Regent's Park Zoo. They are the maned wolf..and the raccoon-dog from Siberia.
2000 Country Illustr. Apr. 34/3 There are many creatures that might disturb the birds' sleep, among them..raccoon dogs (an animal mid-way between a racoon and a badger).
raccoon oyster n. U.S. (now chiefly historical) the coon or frond oyster, Dendrostrea frons, a small, brown-shelled oyster found off south-eastern North America, especially among mangroves, and often eaten by raccoons.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > seafood > [noun] > shell-fish or mollusc > oyster
oystereOE
Colchesterc1625
green oyster1667
mangrove oyster1683
pandore1701
Milton1749
sickle-oyster1758
bluepoint1789
native1815
powldoody1819
Red Bank oyster1830
raccoon oyster1834
sauce oyster1851
Portuguese oyster1881
relay1889
Portugal oyster1890
Malpeque1901
Marennes1905
Belon1908
Olympia oyster1908
Pacific oyster1912
Whitstable1940
Portugaise1942
Olympia1961
the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > class Pelecypoda or Conchifera > [noun] > section Asiphonida > family Ostreidae > ostrea frons
raccoon oyster1834
1834 J. J. Audubon Ornithol. Biogr. II. 504 Shrimps..have been detained at low water on the banks of racoon oysters, a kind of shell-fish so named under the idea that they are eaten by that quadruped.
1885 Harper's Mag. Jan. 219/1 When the mangrove grows on the outer edge of the water-line, and drops its aerial roots,..the spat of the raccoon oyster finds a lodgement.
1987 Times (St. Petersburg, Fla.) (Nexis) 19 Aug. 2 Sweet little ‘racoon’ oysters grew thickly on the roots of the mangrove along many shores.

Derivatives

raˈccoon-like adj. resembling a raccoon; raccoon-like dog = raccoon dog n. at Compounds 3.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > [noun] > genus Nyctereutes (raccoon dog)
raccoon dog1868
raccoon-like dog1890
1851 S. F. Baird tr. J. G. Heck Iconogr. Encycl. II. Zool. 483 The genus Ailurus (panda) includes a racoon-like species from tropical Asia.
1890 St. G. Mivart Dogs, Jackals, Wolves, & Foxes 135 The Raccoon-like Dog is an inhabitant of Japan, the valley of the Amoor, and China.
1964 L. S. Crandall Managem. Wild Mammals in Captivity 280 The raccoon-like dog..is a small grayish animal,..with a black facial mask which is the basis for its name.
1993 Canad. Geographic July 25/3 Unfortunately the limb happened to be within easy reach of a flesh-eating coati, a raccoon-like mammal with a long, flexible snout.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

raccoonv.

Forms: 1800s racoon.
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: raccoon n.
Etymology: < raccoon n.
Obsolete.
intransitive. To walk about at night, in a manner reminiscent of a raccoon.Apparently an isolated use.
ΚΠ
1855 E. C. Gaskell North & South I. xiii. 160 She heard him pacing about (racooning, as she and Edith used to call it)..long after she began to listen as she lay in bed.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online December 2020).
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n.1608v.1855
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