predicativeadj.n.

Brit.

/ˈprɛdᵻkətɪv/,

/prᵻˈdɪkətɪv/, U.S.

/ˈprɛdəˌkeɪdɪv/,

/ˈprɛdəkədɪv/

Forms: 1600s–1700s praedicative, 1700s– predicative.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin praedicativus.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin praedicativus affirmative, categorical (5th cent., usually translating ancient Greek κατηγορικός categoric adj.) < classical Latin praedicāt- , past participial stem of praedicāre predicate v. + -īvus -ive suffix. Compare French prédicatif (15th cent. in Middle French in apparently isolated use; subsequently from 1842).

A. adj.

a. Having the quality of predicating something. Now rare in general sense.

ΚΠ

1656 T. Stanley Hist. Philos. II. viii. 43 Prædicative are those [sc. axioms], which consist of a right case and a Categorem; as,Dion walketh.

1702 Lives Anc. Philosophers viii. 293 Some [axioms are] Prædicative, consisting of a Right Case and a Predicate, as Dion walks.

1860 Times 14 Apr. 6/5 Words which always conveyed a predicative meaning.

1885 J. Fitzgerald tr. Schultze Fetichism vi. §7 These things are all predicative of the blue vault above our heads.

1961 A. R. Heiserman Skelton & Satire ii. 16 The one group of terms is predicative of ‘medieval’ poetry, while the other is predicative of ‘Renaissance’.

b. Grammar. Forming or having the function of a predicate; contained in the predicate; characterized by or indicative of predication (opposed to attributive).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > statement > assertion or affirmation > [adjective] > asseverative, assertive, affirmative, or positive

assertive1562

affirmatory1651

various1651

thetic1678

assertory1702

asseveratorya1734

asseverative1837

assertative1846

predicative1846

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > syntax or word order > syntactic unit or constituent > [adjective] > relating to a predicate

predicative1846

predicatival1891

predicational1894

1846 Proc. Philol. Soc. (1848) 3 10 Thus the formation called the casus substitutivus, answering to the nuncupativus or predicative case of the Finnish and Lappish grammarians, may be employed either as an adverb or the stem of a verb.

1874 J. C. Grece tr. E. Maetzner Eng. Gram. III. 21 The infinitive with to may also take the place of a predicative complement.

1932 W. L. Graff Lang. & Langs. ix. 328 If we emphasize the relationship of the referential parts to one another, it is noted that the Greenlandic sentence consists of a noun and its attributes, whereas the English one is formed by a subject and its predicate. Hence the further division into attributive or possessive languages and predicative ones.

1959 M. Schlauch Eng. Lang. in Mod. Times viii. 230 He [sc. Deutschbein] contrasts especially the predicative sentence, which may be complicated but is apprehended as an organic whole..and the attributive sentence.

1964 E. Palmer tr. A. Martinet Elements Gen. Linguistics iv. 116 The syntagm il y avait..is not autonomous but independent. We shall call it a predicative syntagm.

2002 K. É. Kiss Syntax of Hungarian iii. 73 In these sentences the predicative adjective or noun, representing the lexical head of the predicate, cannot be extracted.

†2. = predicatory adj. 1. Also as n. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > preacher > [adjective]

predicatory1611

predicant1629

homilistical1659

predicative1772

predicatorial1772

preacherly1905

1772 T. Nugent tr. J. F. de Isla Hist. Friar Gerund II. 294 This doctrine I have always taught to my disciple in the predicative, Friar Gerund; with these arms have I armed him a knight of the pulpit.

1870 A. C. Swinburne Let. 19 Feb. (1959) II. 98 I trust you [sc. D. G. Rossetti] to ‘cut close and deep’..if you find anything to pare away of the spouting or drawing, vociferous or predicative kind.

3. Logic. Of a function: of order one greater than that of its argument of greatest order.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > predicate or propositional logic > [adjective] > of a function, operator, or variable

predicative1906

unary1931

inclusive1940

one-argument1941

functorial1945

1906 B. Russell in Proc. London Math. Soc. 4 34 Norms..which do not define classes I propose to call non-predicative; those which do define classes I shall call predicative.

1910 A. N. Whitehead & B. Russell Principia Mathematica I. ii. 56 We will define a function of one variable as predicative when it is of the next order above that of its argument, i.e. of the lowest order compatible with its having that argument.

1936 Mind 45 498 The axiom of reducibility is adopted in P [rincipia] M [athematica]. This axiom moderates the second part of the theory by asserting that for every propositional function there is a formally equivalent one which is predicative, i.e., has the lowest order compatible with its type.

1982 W. S. Hatcher Logical Found. Math. iv. 125 Two terms of a given order-type are equal if they satisfy the same properties z that are predicative with respect to them.

B. n.

Grammar. A word or expression used predicatively.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > syntax or word order > syntactic unit or constituent > [noun] > predicate

predicatea1638

predicative1914

1914 O. Jespersen Mod. Eng. Gram. II. xiv. 330 As a rule words that can be used as adjuncts (pre-adjuncts) can also be used in the same form as predicatives.

1933 O. Jespersen Syst. Gram. 25 Some languages have a special case, or even two special cases in which predicatives are put: shall we say that ‘a teacher’ is in the ‘predicative’ case in ‘he is a teacher’ and in the ‘illative’ in ‘he became a teacher’?

1992 R. Levine Formal Gram. iii. 219 Full noun phrases can also be used as predicatives, as long as they do not have quantificational force.

Compounds

predicative adjunct n. Grammar a word or phrase that amplifies or completes the predicate of the sentence.

ΚΠ

1869 W. D. Whitney Compendious German Gramm. 208 The members of the predicate most often placed at the head of the sentence for emphasis..are the object (direct, indirect, or remote), and the various adverbial adjuncts; less often a predicative adjunct.

1925 Classical Rev. 39 39/1 In ‘a poor soul sat sighing’, soul is a primary, poor an adjunct, sat also an adjunct... What are we to do with the predicative adjunct sighing?

1999 A. P. Cowie Eng. Dictionaries for Foreign Learners v. 153 In the case of clause patterns with predicative adjuncts—the kind illustrated by Put the vase on the table and indicated by the pattern V + O + A—the Cobuild policy is well conceived.

predicative appositive n. Grammar rare = predicative adjunct n.

ΚΠ

1963 F. T. Visser Hist. Syntax Eng. Lang. I. ii. 182 Syntactical units of the type..‘he died a martyr’ consist of a subject, a predicate in the form of an intransitive verb, and an adjunct (called ‘predicative adjunct’ in this study)... Jespersen uses the term ‘quasi-predicate’; Curme the term ‘predicative appositive’ and F. T. Wood..the term ‘pseudo-complement’.

predicative clause n. Grammar a clause which forms or functions as a predicate.

ΚΠ

1954 G. Karlberg Eng. Interrogative Pronouns 86 ‘Predicative clause’ here means a clause where the pronoun is predicative or where, from a logical point of view, it can be either subject or predicative.

2000 N. Besnier Tuvaluan ii. 543 Fakaita ‘cause to be angry’ does not undergo agreement when it modifies a noun that corresponds to an oblique participant in a predicative clause.

Derivatives

ˈpredicatively adv. as a predicate.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > syntax or word order > syntactic unit or constituent > [adverb] > as a predicate

predicatively1866

1866 B. H. Kennedy Public School Lat. Primer §140. 110 The infinitive stands..predicatively, in narration, for a Finite Verb.

1895 Proc. 14th Convent. Amer. Instructors of Deaf 81 A noun or pronoun used predicatively is in the nominative case.

1951 Mind 60 425 A noun-phrase used predicatively.

1992 Spoken Eng. 25 6 We distinguished by their stress patterns compound adjectives like well-heeled and cold-blooded depending on whether they occurred in preposed position or predicatively.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	predicative
释义	predicativeadj.n. Brit. /ˈprɛdᵻkətɪv/, /prᵻˈdɪkətɪv/, U.S. /ˈprɛdəˌkeɪdɪv/, /ˈprɛdəkədɪv/ Forms: 1600s–1700s praedicative, 1700s– predicative. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin praedicativus. Etymology: < post-classical Latin praedicativus affirmative, categorical (5th cent., usually translating ancient Greek κατηγορικός categoric adj.) < classical Latin praedicāt- , past participial stem of praedicāre predicate v. + -īvus -ive suffix. Compare French prédicatif (15th cent. in Middle French in apparently isolated use; subsequently from 1842). A. adj. 1. a. Having the quality of predicating something. Now rare in general sense. ΚΠ 1656 T. Stanley Hist. Philos. II. viii. 43 Prædicative are those [sc. axioms], which consist of a right case and a Categorem; as,Dion walketh. 1702 Lives Anc. Philosophers viii. 293 Some [axioms are] Prædicative, consisting of a Right Case and a Predicate, as Dion walks. 1860 Times 14 Apr. 6/5 Words which always conveyed a predicative meaning. 1885 J. Fitzgerald tr. Schultze Fetichism vi. §7 These things are all predicative of the blue vault above our heads. 1961 A. R. Heiserman Skelton & Satire ii. 16 The one group of terms is predicative of ‘medieval’ poetry, while the other is predicative of ‘Renaissance’. b. Grammar. Forming or having the function of a predicate; contained in the predicate; characterized by or indicative of predication (opposed to attributive). ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > assertion or affirmation > [adjective] > asseverative, assertive, affirmative, or positive assertive1562 affirmatory1651 various1651 thetic1678 assertory1702 asseveratorya1734 asseverative1837 assertative1846 predicative1846 the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > syntax or word order > syntactic unit or constituent > [adjective] > relating to a predicate predicative1846 predicatival1891 predicational1894 1846 Proc. Philol. Soc. (1848) 3 10 Thus the formation called the casus substitutivus, answering to the nuncupativus or predicative case of the Finnish and Lappish grammarians, may be employed either as an adverb or the stem of a verb. 1874 J. C. Grece tr. E. Maetzner Eng. Gram. III. 21 The infinitive with to may also take the place of a predicative complement. 1932 W. L. Graff Lang. & Langs. ix. 328 If we emphasize the relationship of the referential parts to one another, it is noted that the Greenlandic sentence consists of a noun and its attributes, whereas the English one is formed by a subject and its predicate. Hence the further division into attributive or possessive languages and predicative ones. 1959 M. Schlauch Eng. Lang. in Mod. Times viii. 230 He [sc. Deutschbein] contrasts especially the predicative sentence, which may be complicated but is apprehended as an organic whole..and the attributive sentence. 1964 E. Palmer tr. A. Martinet Elements Gen. Linguistics iv. 116 The syntagm il y avait..is not autonomous but independent. We shall call it a predicative syntagm. 2002 K. É. Kiss Syntax of Hungarian iii. 73 In these sentences the predicative adjective or noun, representing the lexical head of the predicate, cannot be extracted. †2. = predicatory adj. 1. Also as n. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > preacher > [adjective] predicatory1611 predicant1629 homilistical1659 predicative1772 predicatorial1772 preacherly1905 1772 T. Nugent tr. J. F. de Isla Hist. Friar Gerund II. 294 This doctrine I have always taught to my disciple in the predicative, Friar Gerund; with these arms have I armed him a knight of the pulpit. 1870 A. C. Swinburne Let. 19 Feb. (1959) II. 98 I trust you [sc. D. G. Rossetti] to ‘cut close and deep’..if you find anything to pare away of the spouting or drawing, vociferous or predicative kind. 3. Logic. Of a function: of order one greater than that of its argument of greatest order. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > predicate or propositional logic > [adjective] > of a function, operator, or variable predicative1906 unary1931 inclusive1940 one-argument1941 functorial1945 1906 B. Russell in Proc. London Math. Soc. 4 34 Norms..which do not define classes I propose to call non-predicative; those which do define classes I shall call predicative. 1910 A. N. Whitehead & B. Russell Principia Mathematica I. ii. 56 We will define a function of one variable as predicative when it is of the next order above that of its argument, i.e. of the lowest order compatible with its having that argument. 1936 Mind 45 498 The axiom of reducibility is adopted in P [rincipia] M [athematica]. This axiom moderates the second part of the theory by asserting that for every propositional function there is a formally equivalent one which is predicative, i.e., has the lowest order compatible with its type. 1982 W. S. Hatcher Logical Found. Math. iv. 125 Two terms of a given order-type are equal if they satisfy the same properties z that are predicative with respect to them. B. n. Grammar. A word or expression used predicatively. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > syntax or word order > syntactic unit or constituent > [noun] > predicate predicatea1638 predicative1914 1914 O. Jespersen Mod. Eng. Gram. II. xiv. 330 As a rule words that can be used as adjuncts (pre-adjuncts) can also be used in the same form as predicatives. 1933 O. Jespersen Syst. Gram. 25 Some languages have a special case, or even two special cases in which predicatives are put: shall we say that ‘a teacher’ is in the ‘predicative’ case in ‘he is a teacher’ and in the ‘illative’ in ‘he became a teacher’? 1992 R. Levine Formal Gram. iii. 219 Full noun phrases can also be used as predicatives, as long as they do not have quantificational force. Compounds predicative adjunct n. Grammar a word or phrase that amplifies or completes the predicate of the sentence. ΚΠ 1869 W. D. Whitney Compendious German Gramm. 208 The members of the predicate most often placed at the head of the sentence for emphasis..are the object (direct, indirect, or remote), and the various adverbial adjuncts; less often a predicative adjunct. 1925 Classical Rev. 39 39/1 In ‘a poor soul sat sighing’, soul is a primary, poor an adjunct, sat also an adjunct... What are we to do with the predicative adjunct sighing? 1999 A. P. Cowie Eng. Dictionaries for Foreign Learners v. 153 In the case of clause patterns with predicative adjuncts—the kind illustrated by Put the vase on the table and indicated by the pattern V + O + A—the Cobuild policy is well conceived. predicative appositive n. Grammar rare = predicative adjunct n. ΚΠ 1963 F. T. Visser Hist. Syntax Eng. Lang. I. ii. 182 Syntactical units of the type..‘he died a martyr’ consist of a subject, a predicate in the form of an intransitive verb, and an adjunct (called ‘predicative adjunct’ in this study)... Jespersen uses the term ‘quasi-predicate’; Curme the term ‘predicative appositive’ and F. T. Wood..the term ‘pseudo-complement’. predicative clause n. Grammar a clause which forms or functions as a predicate. ΚΠ 1954 G. Karlberg Eng. Interrogative Pronouns 86 ‘Predicative clause’ here means a clause where the pronoun is predicative or where, from a logical point of view, it can be either subject or predicative. 2000 N. Besnier Tuvaluan ii. 543 Fakaita ‘cause to be angry’ does not undergo agreement when it modifies a noun that corresponds to an oblique participant in a predicative clause. Derivatives ˈpredicatively adv. as a predicate. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > syntax or word order > syntactic unit or constituent > [adverb] > as a predicate predicatively1866 1866 B. H. Kennedy Public School Lat. Primer §140. 110 The infinitive stands..predicatively, in narration, for a Finite Verb. 1895 Proc. 14th Convent. Amer. Instructors of Deaf 81 A noun or pronoun used predicatively is in the nominative case. 1951 Mind 60 425 A noun-phrase used predicatively. 1992 Spoken Eng. 25 6 We distinguished by their stress patterns compound adjectives like well-heeled and cold-blooded depending on whether they occurred in preposed position or predicatively. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1656
随便看	to request off to reserve alive to reserve judgement to reserve one's judgement to reserve one's position to resign homage to resist to the last extremity to resolve with oneself to respect no person to respect no persons to respond in damages to respond in kind to rest and be thankful to rest arms to rest assured to rest in peace to rest on one's oars to rest one's arms to rest one's case to rest one's eyes to rest owing to rest satisfied to rest up to restore in blood to restore to blood