acremann.

Brit.

/ˈeɪkəmən/, U.S.

/ˈeɪkərmən/

Inflections: Plural acremen.

Forms: Old English æcermann, Middle English akermanne, Middle English (1700s– historical) akerman, Middle English–1500s 1700s– acreman.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: acre n., man n.¹

Etymology: < acre n. + man n.¹ Compare Middle Dutch ackerman, Middle Low German ackerman, Old High German ackarman, Old Icelandic akrmaðr.Compare post-classical Latin aecremannus , akermannus , acremannus ( < English), attested in British sources from the 12th cent. and frequent from the early 13th cent. onwards, e.g.:c1150 Quadripartitus (Macro) in F. Liebermann Gesetze der Angelsachsen (1903) I. 450 Omnibus æcremannis [a1175 Royal ehtemannis, c1200 Titus ethemannis; Old English æhtemannum] iure competit Natalis firma et paschalis, sulhæcer..et manipulus Augusti.1222 in W. H. Hale Domesday St. Paul's (1858) 52 Terre akermannorum quas dominus potest capere in manu sua cum vult sine injuriis hereditarie successionis.1251 in W. H. Hart & P. A. Lyons Cartularium Monasterii de Rameseia (1884) I. 308 Liberi acremanni. Earlier currency of acremanland n. at Compounds is implied by post-classical Latin acremanelanda, acremanlanda ( < English), attested in a British source from the second half of the 12th cent.:a1179 in W. H. Hart & P. A. Lyons Cartularium Monasterii de Rameseia (1893) III. 257 Willelmus Acreman tenet acremanelandam.a1179 in W. H. Hart & P. A. Lyons Cartularium Monasterii de Rameseia (1893) III. 257 Antonius habet quatuor acremanlandas in manu sua. Also attested early as a surname: Willelmus Acreman (a1179: see quot. above), Rog. Akerman (1225), Ernisius Akerman (1229), Emma Akerman (a1400), etc. Early occurrence in place names probably reflects the use as surname: Akremannebreche (field name), Northamptonshire (13th cent.), Hakermonisland, Northamptonshire (1299; now Acreland Farm).

Now historical.

A cultivator of the ground, a farmer; a ploughman; spec. †a manorial tenant; (Scottish) a person who rents a piece of ground of a Scottish acre or more.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > farmer > [noun]

tiliec1000

acremanOE

husbanda1300

husbandmanc1384

farmer1528

breeder1547

farmeress1595

colona1640

agricole1656

georgic1703

agricultor1766

Farmer Giles1770

agriculturer1776

agriculturalist1788

culturist1814

fazendeiro1825

bartoner1832

agriculturist1849

culturalist1866

farmerette1901

dry-land farmer1914

drylander1921

Eurofarmer1957

multiplier1969

pick-your-owner1969

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > [noun] > tiller of soil

delverc888

tillman940

tiliec1000

acremanOE

earth-tilieOE

land-tiliec1275

tillerc1300

earth-tillera1325

diggerc1400

land-herd1490

earth-tilther1495

tilther1495

land-tiller?a1500

manurerc1500

tillsman1561

tilth-man1638

cultivator1661

OE Ælfric Gloss. (St. John's Oxf.) 303 Agricola, æcermann.

c1300 St. Eustace (Laud) l. 222 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 399 (MED) Aker-men weren in þe feld..with staues and with stones al-so aȝen him huy ornen bliue.

c1330 Lai le Freine in Smith Coll. Stud. Mod. Langs. (1929) 10 iii. 6 (MED) Þe foules vp & song on bouȝ, & acremen ȝede to þe plouȝ.

c1450 T. Wimbledon Serm. (Hatton) 3 (MED) Sum men ben acre men and sum labourres.

1583 J. Foxe Actes & Monuments (ed. 4) I. 547/2 Therefore saith this clerke, it is neede that some be acre men, some bakers, some makers of cloth, and some marchaunts to fetch that, that on londe fetteth from an other there it is plentie.

1794 W. Marshall Gen. View Agric. Central Highlands Scotl. 33 Yet even these subdivisions are diminished by a still lower order of occupiers (if such they may be deemed) under the name of Acre-men, or Crofters.

1800 J. Lawrence New Farmer's Cal. 101 It is the farmer, or his bailiff's look-out, that these acre-men do not make too much speed, by cutting or binding, in unseasonable weather, and that they make the sheaves of proper size.

1895 A. Philip Parish of Longforgan ix. 225 In earlier days, the small farmers and acremen had no leases at all.

1916 California's Mag. 1 34/2 The technical journals of agriculture, with their weight of wisdom about crops and markets, treat of affairs for which the suburban acre-man has little sympathy or interest.

1973 G. Whittington in A. R. H. Baker & R. A. Butlin Stud. Field Syst. Brit. Isles xii. 546 In Scotland..the complicated groups of sub-tenants—the cottars,..the acremen and the crofters.

2006 Halifax (Nova Scotia) Daily News (Nexis) 5 Mar. 28 Often, surnames were derived from a person's trade. Mr. Ackerman may have been an acreman,..and Mr. Baxter a baker.

Compounds

acremanland n. now historical a holding or tenement of arable land, varying in extent according to locality (usually about 10 acres); cf. acre-land n. at acre n. Compounds 1.Originally denoting a plot of land reserved for the leader of the plough team.

ΚΠ

c1300 in P. Vinogradoff Villainage in Eng. (1892) 147 Dimidias virgatas, que vocantur Akermannelondes, quorum W. L. tenet ½ virgatam pro qua ibit ad carucam Abbatis.

1783 Collections towards Parochial Hist. of Berks. in Bibliotheca Topographica Britannica No. 16. 20 The vicarage is endowed with a yard land, about twenty-five acres of glebe, and some small portions of great tythes in certain lands called Akerman or Acreman lands (in a terrier of the vicarage taken A.D. 1635).

1892 P. G. Vinogradoff Villainage in Eng. i. 257 A plot reserved for the leader of the plough-team, the akerman, was naturally called akermanland.

1975 E. Crittall Victoria Hist. County of Wilts. X. 26/2 There were also six ‘acremanlands’ comprising on average some 10 a. of arable.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	acreman
释义	acremann. Brit. /ˈeɪkəmən/, U.S. /ˈeɪkərmən/ Inflections: Plural acremen. Forms: Old English æcermann, Middle English akermanne, Middle English (1700s– historical) akerman, Middle English–1500s 1700s– acreman. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: acre n., man n.¹ Etymology: < acre n. + man n.¹ Compare Middle Dutch ackerman, Middle Low German ackerman, Old High German ackarman, Old Icelandic akrmaðr.Compare post-classical Latin aecremannus , akermannus , acremannus ( < English), attested in British sources from the 12th cent. and frequent from the early 13th cent. onwards, e.g.:c1150 Quadripartitus (Macro) in F. Liebermann Gesetze der Angelsachsen (1903) I. 450 Omnibus æcremannis [a1175 Royal ehtemannis, c1200 Titus ethemannis; Old English æhtemannum] iure competit Natalis firma et paschalis, sulhæcer..et manipulus Augusti.1222 in W. H. Hale Domesday St. Paul's (1858) 52 Terre akermannorum quas dominus potest capere in manu sua cum vult sine injuriis hereditarie successionis.1251 in W. H. Hart & P. A. Lyons Cartularium Monasterii de Rameseia (1884) I. 308 Liberi acremanni. Earlier currency of acremanland n. at Compounds is implied by post-classical Latin acremanelanda, acremanlanda ( < English), attested in a British source from the second half of the 12th cent.:a1179 in W. H. Hart & P. A. Lyons Cartularium Monasterii de Rameseia (1893) III. 257 Willelmus Acreman tenet acremanelandam.a1179 in W. H. Hart & P. A. Lyons Cartularium Monasterii de Rameseia (1893) III. 257 Antonius habet quatuor acremanlandas in manu sua. Also attested early as a surname: Willelmus Acreman (a1179: see quot. above), Rog. Akerman (1225), Ernisius Akerman (1229), Emma Akerman (a1400), etc. Early occurrence in place names probably reflects the use as surname: Akremannebreche (field name), Northamptonshire (13th cent.), Hakermonisland, Northamptonshire (1299; now Acreland Farm). Now historical. A cultivator of the ground, a farmer; a ploughman; spec. †a manorial tenant; (Scottish) a person who rents a piece of ground of a Scottish acre or more. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > farmer > [noun] tiliec1000 acremanOE husbanda1300 husbandmanc1384 farmer1528 breeder1547 farmeress1595 colona1640 agricole1656 georgic1703 agricultor1766 Farmer Giles1770 agriculturer1776 agriculturalist1788 culturist1814 fazendeiro1825 bartoner1832 agriculturist1849 culturalist1866 farmerette1901 dry-land farmer1914 drylander1921 Eurofarmer1957 multiplier1969 pick-your-owner1969 the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > [noun] > tiller of soil delverc888 tillman940 tiliec1000 acremanOE earth-tilieOE land-tiliec1275 tillerc1300 earth-tillera1325 diggerc1400 land-herd1490 earth-tilther1495 tilther1495 land-tiller?a1500 manurerc1500 tillsman1561 tilth-man1638 cultivator1661 OE Ælfric Gloss. (St. John's Oxf.) 303 Agricola, æcermann. c1300 St. Eustace (Laud) l. 222 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 399 (MED) Aker-men weren in þe feld..with staues and with stones al-so aȝen him huy ornen bliue. c1330 Lai le Freine in Smith Coll. Stud. Mod. Langs. (1929) 10 iii. 6 (MED) Þe foules vp & song on bouȝ, & acremen ȝede to þe plouȝ. c1450 T. Wimbledon Serm. (Hatton) 3 (MED) Sum men ben acre men and sum labourres. 1583 J. Foxe Actes & Monuments (ed. 4) I. 547/2 Therefore saith this clerke, it is neede that some be acre men, some bakers, some makers of cloth, and some marchaunts to fetch that, that on londe fetteth from an other there it is plentie. 1794 W. Marshall Gen. View Agric. Central Highlands Scotl. 33 Yet even these subdivisions are diminished by a still lower order of occupiers (if such they may be deemed) under the name of Acre-men, or Crofters. 1800 J. Lawrence New Farmer's Cal. 101 It is the farmer, or his bailiff's look-out, that these acre-men do not make too much speed, by cutting or binding, in unseasonable weather, and that they make the sheaves of proper size. 1895 A. Philip Parish of Longforgan ix. 225 In earlier days, the small farmers and acremen had no leases at all. 1916 California's Mag. 1 34/2 The technical journals of agriculture, with their weight of wisdom about crops and markets, treat of affairs for which the suburban acre-man has little sympathy or interest. 1973 G. Whittington in A. R. H. Baker & R. A. Butlin Stud. Field Syst. Brit. Isles xii. 546 In Scotland..the complicated groups of sub-tenants—the cottars,..the acremen and the crofters. 2006 Halifax (Nova Scotia) Daily News (Nexis) 5 Mar. 28 Often, surnames were derived from a person's trade. Mr. Ackerman may have been an acreman,..and Mr. Baxter a baker. Compounds acremanland n. now historical a holding or tenement of arable land, varying in extent according to locality (usually about 10 acres); cf. acre-land n. at acre n. Compounds 1.Originally denoting a plot of land reserved for the leader of the plough team. ΚΠ c1300 in P. Vinogradoff Villainage in Eng. (1892) 147 Dimidias virgatas, que vocantur Akermannelondes, quorum W. L. tenet ½ virgatam pro qua ibit ad carucam Abbatis. 1783 Collections towards Parochial Hist. of Berks. in Bibliotheca Topographica Britannica No. 16. 20 The vicarage is endowed with a yard land, about twenty-five acres of glebe, and some small portions of great tythes in certain lands called Akerman or Acreman lands (in a terrier of the vicarage taken A.D. 1635). 1892 P. G. Vinogradoff Villainage in Eng. i. 257 A plot reserved for the leader of the plough-team, the akerman, was naturally called akermanland. 1975 E. Crittall Victoria Hist. County of Wilts. X. 26/2 There were also six ‘acremanlands’ comprising on average some 10 a. of arable. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.OE
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