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单词 phosphoryl
释义

phosphoryln.

Brit. /ˈfɒsfərʌɪl/, /ˈfɒsfərɪl/, U.S. /ˈfɑsfərəl/
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: phosphoro- comb. form, -yl suffix.
Etymology: < phosphoro- comb. form + -yl suffix. Compare French phosphoryle (1861).
Chemistry.
The trivalent group —P=O; (Biochemistry) the monovalent phosphate group —PO(OH)2. Usually attributive or a formative element in chemical names.
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phosphoryl1858
1858 H. Watts & R. Bridges Graham's Elem. Inorg. Chem. (ed. 2) 693 Phosphoryl..is a triatomic radical, and by replacing 3 atoms of hydrogen in three molecules of water..forms the ordinary hydrate of phosphoric acid.
1871 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 24 1161 In the first case, ordinary phosphoryl trichloride is produced: P2O3Cl4 + PCl5 = 3POCl3.
1912 J. W. Mellor Mod. Inorg. Chem. xxx. 586 Phosphoryl fluoride, POF3, as well as the other phosphoryl compounds can be made by the action of phosphorus pentoxide..on the halogen acid.
1943 J. B. Sumner & G. F. Somers Chem. & Methods of Enzymes ii. 64 This phosphatase can act upon lecithin to produce the corresponding diglyceride and phosphoryl choline.
1964 N. G. Clark Mod. Org. Chem. 553 Phosphoryl chloride (‘phosphorus oxychloride’), POCl3, is a colourless liquid..which reacts slowly with water giving phosphoric acid.
1979 Science 7 Dec. 1151/1 Figure 7..represents a hypothetical example in which phosphoryl is conducted from ATP on the left to a substrate S on the right.
1989 E. Lawrence Guide Mod. Biol. ix. 255 The enzymatic addition of a phosphate group (phosphoryl group) to one or more of the amino acid side chains in a protein can radically alter its activity.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1858
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