† parodyn.¹

Forms: late Middle English paradoie, late Middle English paradoye, late Middle English parodie, late Middle English parody.

Origin: Either (i) a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Or (ii) a borrowing from French. Etymons: period n.; French période, Latin periodus.

Etymology: Variant of period n. or its etymons Middle French période or classical Latin periodus, perhaps by confusion with ancient Greek πάροδος parode n. or its derivative Byzantine Greek παροδεία a passing by.Only attested in Lydgate and Chaucer.

Obsolete.

A period of time; the termination or completion of such a period; esp. the end of life; death.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > [noun] > stretch, period, or portion of time

tidea900

while971

fristOE

stemOE

throwOE

timeOE

selea1250

piecec1300

termc1300

stagea1325

whilesc1330

space?a1400

racec1400

spacec1405

termine1420

parodya1425

timea1425

continuancec1440

thrallc1450

espace1483

space of timec1500

tracta1513

stead1596

reach1654

amidst1664

stretch1698

spell1728

track1835

lifetime1875

time slice1938

a1425 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (1987) v. 1548 Among al this, the fyn of the parodie [v.r. paradoie; glossed (Harl. MS 2280) duracion] of Ector gan aprochen wonder blyve.

c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) iii. 4926 (MED) Antropos shal fyne For euer-more his lyues þrede to twyne..Whan þe parodie of þis worþi knyȝt [sc. Hector] Aprochen shal.

a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) iv. 1600 (MED) Parodie [1554 periody] of pryncis may nat chaunged be, The terme sette fro which thei may nat flee.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

parodyn.²

Brit.

/ˈparədi/, U.S.

/ˈpɛrədi/

Forms: 1600s parode, 1600s parodie, 1600s– parody.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin parodia.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin parodia (4th cent.; in classical Latin as a Greek word) < ancient Greek παρῳδία a burlesque poem or song < παρα- para- prefix¹ + ᾠδή ode n. Compare French parodie (1615; 1827 in sense 2).The definition ‘a popular Maxim, Adage or Proverbe’ in Bailey (1730–6 and some subsequent editions) is apparently the result of an error.

a. A literary composition modelled on and imitating another work, esp. a composition in which the characteristic style and themes of a particular author or genre are satirized by being applied to inappropriate or unlikely subjects, or are otherwise exaggerated for comic effect. In later use extended to similar imitations in other artistic fields, as music, painting, film, etc.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > a written composition > [noun] > parody or burlesque

parody1607

burlesque1667

travestya1668

caricatura1732

caricature1756

skit1820

take-off1845

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > derision, ridicule, or mockery > ridicule or mockery by specific means > [noun] > by imitation > an act or instance of

parody1607

caricatura1752

burlesque1753

caricature1767

take-off1845

send-up1958

piss-take1975

1607 T. Walkington Optick Glasse v. 35 All which in a parode, imitating Virgil wee may set downe.

1616 B. Jonson Every Man in his Humor (rev. ed.) v. v, in Wks. I. 70 Clem. [reads some poetry] How? this is stolne! E. Kn. A Parodie! a parodie!.., to make it absurder then it was.

1693 J. Dryden Disc. conc. Satire in J. Dryden et al. tr. Juvenal Satires p. xx From some Fragments of the Silli..we may find, that they were Satryrique Poems, full of Parodies; that is, of Verses patch'd up from great Poets, and turn'd into another Sence than their Author intended them.

1774 J. Bryant New Syst. II. 132 (note) The history of Aristæus is nearly a parody of the histories of Orpheus and Cadmus.

1791 T. Paine Rights of Man i. 22 But if the age of aristocracy..should fall..Mr Burke, the trumpeter of the Order, may continue his parody to the end, and finish with exclaiming, ‘Othello's occupation's gone!’

1803 Ann. Rev. 1 383/1 The singularity of the parody has given to such notes a selling value analogous to current value.

1875 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) IV. 134 The derivations in the Cratylus..are a parody of some contemporary Sophist.

1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 211/2 Adolphus was called to the bar in 1822, and his Circuiteers, an Eclogue, is a parody of the style of two of his colleagues on the northern circuit.

1958 Daily Mail 19 July 8/8 Parody of a French film sequence set in a sleezy bistro.

1977 Listener 13 Oct. 481/2 The songs are pleasant parodies of Nashville, of torch songs and even of grand opera.

2003 Washington Post 18 Feb. a25/4 I produced a ribald parody..which not only was published but won an award.

b. Without article: this as a style or genre; the composition or creation of parodies, or of a parody.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > derision, ridicule, or mockery > ridicule or mockery by specific means > [noun] > by imitation

mock1646

travestya1668

burlesquing1677

parody1730

burlesque1753

taking off1755

ludicrism1830

masquerade1847

caricaturing1859

charade1871

spoofing1920

piss-taking1967

1730 W. Harte Ess. Satire 10 The charms of Parody, like those of Wit, If well contrasted, never fail to hit.

1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. (at cited word) Parody,..a kind of writing, in which the words of an author or his thoughts are taken, and by a slight change adapted to some new purpose.

1821 Examiner 10/1 The turn for parody seems..to be, in its very essence, a decomposer of greatness.

1844 R. W. Emerson Ess. 2nd Ser. iv. 158 Let the creed and commandments even have the saucy homage of parody.

1891 A. T. Murray (title) On parody and paratragoedia in Aristophanes.

1911 Encycl. Brit. XX. 860/2 Parody is almost as old in European literature as serious writing.

1988 L. Hutcheon Canad. Postmodern i. 6 Through the use of parody they have..contested the canonical myths and forms of European and American Literatures.

2003 Seattle Times (Nexis) 5 June d4 Many contemporary bands who take inspiration from the 1960s veer dangerously close to parody.

2. In extended use: a poor or feeble imitation of something; a travesty.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > misrepresentation > [noun] > by caricature > instance of

travesty1674

parody1836

1836 H. N. Coleridge Specimens Table Talk (ed. 2) 112 The Brussels riot..is a wretched parody on the last French revolution.

1841 W. Spalding Italy & Ital. Islands II. 106 Tuscanella,..now a petty hamlet, had a government whose complication looked like a parody on the Lombard republics.

1868 J. R. Lowell Under Willows xxi May is a pious fraud of the almanac, A ghastly parody of real Spring.

1900 W. M. Ramsay in Expositor Mar. 210 Such a parody of justice could be paralleled only by the very worst acts attributed to the Inquisition.

1917 E. Wharton Summer ii. 34 As he stood there before her, unwieldy, shabby, disordered..he seemed like a hideous parody of the fatherly old man she had always known.

1983 G. Lord Tooth & Claw viii. 62 The wind buffeted her poor chickens,..making them billow out as if in a parody of flight.

2001 Times 12 Sept. (Terror in Amer. Suppl.) 2/5 In a grotesque parody of the tickertape parades,..thousands of pieces of office paper were carried on the gusting wind to Brooklyn about three miles away.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

parodyv.

Brit.

/ˈparədi/, U.S.

/ˈpɛrədi/

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion; modelled on a French lexical item. Etymon: parody n.²

Etymology: < parody n.², perhaps after Middle French, French parodier to parody (a work) (1580), to ridicule by imitation (1807), to caricature (1813). Compare earlier parodize v.

a. transitive. To compose a parody on (a literary or artistic work, author, or genre); to turn into parody; to produce or constitute a humorously exaggerated imitation of; to ridicule or satirize.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > derision, ridicule, or mockery > ridicule or mockery by specific means > ridicule or mock by specific means [verb (transitive)] > ridicule or mock by imitation

mocka1616

buffoon1638

mimic1671

burlesque1676

parody1733

caricature1749

to take off1750

travesty1825

grotesque1875

cartoon1884

spoof1927

to send up1931

society > leisure > the arts > literature > art or occupation of writer or author > be the author of or write (a work) [verb (transitive)] > express in written work or write about > parody

parody1733

skit1781

beparody1828

1733 A. Pope Let. 20 Apr. in Corr. Alexander Pope (1956) III. 366 I have translated, or rather parodied, a poem of Horace, in which I introduce you advising me.

1763 J. Brown Diss. Poetry & Music 149 The best Men, as well as the best Tragedies, were parodied or ridiculed more commonly than the worst.

1792 C. Smith Desmond I. xxii. 210 I forsee that a thousand pens will leap from their standishes (to parody a sublime sentence of his own) to answer such a book.

1816 W. Scott Antiquary III. i. 15 One might parody their brutal ignorance in the words of Gray.

1850 L. Hunt Autobiogr. II. x. 24 He parodied music as well as words.

1894 J. R. Lowell in Cent. Mag. May 24/2 [Milton] is easily parodied and easily imitated.

1958 Times 20 May 3/7 The ‘ready-mades’ in which Marcel Duchamp parodied the exhibition work of art, signing his name on such manufactured objects as a wash-basin or a snow shovel.

1985 H. Carpenter Secret Gardens ii. 63 ‘'Tis the voice of the Lobster’ parodies Isaac Watts's ‘'Tis the voice of the Sluggard’.

2001 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 11 Jan. 24/1 A brief, ribald romp called a satyr play, which probably parodied the themes of the dramas immediately preceding it.

b. intransitive. To create or compose a parody or parodies. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > art or occupation of writer or author > follow occupation of writer [verb (intransitive)] > compose > parody

parodizea1657

parody1781

1781 F. Brooke Siege of Sinope 71 Let her this night your kind protection gain, The Critic then will parody in vain.

1803 Lett. Miss Riversdale II. 34 ‘Here,’ said she fantastically parodying from Thomson.

1875 R. Browning Aristophanes' Apol. 199 Archippos punned, Hegemon parodied.

1991 Sunday Herald Sun (Melbourne) (Nexis) 20 Jan. Noel McKenna and Paul Gilmartin use strong figure compositions to express aspects of human life and work. Jon Campbell parodies mercilessly..and Philip Hunter takes 1980s appropriation to the limit by re-doing Rubens.

2. transitive. In extended use: to imitate in a way that is a parody; esp. to copy or mimic for comic or derisive effect; to make fun of, satirize.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > misrepresentation > misrepresent [verb (transitive)] > by caricature

travesty1667

travesteere1672

caricature1749

parody1801

1801 R. Southey Thalaba II. ix. 167 I could show that it is the trick of Beelzebub to parody the costume of religion.

1869 J. E. T. Rogers in A. Smith Inq. Wealth Nations (new ed.) I. Pref. p. xx After his death, his [sc. Pitt's] finance was parodied by incapable successors.

1878 J. E. A. Brown in Sunday Mag. Dec. 42 Children of the period, who parody the ways and the worldliness of men and women.

1927 V. Woolf To Lighthouse i. iii. 27 All these young men parodied her husband, she reflected; he said it would rain; they said it would be a positive tornado.

1954 G. Greene Twenty-one Stories 223 A class world that you could still see parodied at the Wormsley Common Empire by a man wearing a top hat and a monocle, with a haw-haw accent.

1980 E. Blishen Nest of Teachers II. xi. 122 I realised that, in the attempt to convince myself that I was a teacher, I was parodying the men who taught me.

2002 Washington Post 8 Apr. c2/3 The glib slimeballs whom Newhart manages to parody without merely ridiculing.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

n.¹a1425

n.²1607

v.1733

单词	parody
释义	† parodyn.¹ Forms: late Middle English paradoie, late Middle English paradoye, late Middle English parodie, late Middle English parody. Origin: Either (i) a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Or (ii) a borrowing from French. Etymons: period n.; French période, Latin periodus. Etymology: Variant of period n. or its etymons Middle French période or classical Latin periodus, perhaps by confusion with ancient Greek πάροδος parode n. or its derivative Byzantine Greek παροδεία a passing by.Only attested in Lydgate and Chaucer. Obsolete. A period of time; the termination or completion of such a period; esp. the end of life; death. ΘΚΠ the world > time > [noun] > stretch, period, or portion of time tidea900 while971 fristOE stemOE throwOE timeOE selea1250 piecec1300 termc1300 stagea1325 whilesc1330 space?a1400 racec1400 spacec1405 termine1420 parodya1425 timea1425 continuancec1440 thrallc1450 espace1483 space of timec1500 tracta1513 stead1596 reach1654 amidst1664 stretch1698 spell1728 track1835 lifetime1875 time slice1938 a1425 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (1987) v. 1548 Among al this, the fyn of the parodie [v.r. paradoie; glossed (Harl. MS 2280) duracion] of Ector gan aprochen wonder blyve. c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) iii. 4926 (MED) Antropos shal fyne For euer-more his lyues þrede to twyne..Whan þe parodie of þis worþi knyȝt [sc. Hector] Aprochen shal. a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) iv. 1600 (MED) Parodie [1554 periody] of pryncis may nat chaunged be, The terme sette fro which thei may nat flee. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online December 2020). parodyn.² Brit. /ˈparədi/, U.S. /ˈpɛrədi/ Forms: 1600s parode, 1600s parodie, 1600s– parody. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin parodia. Etymology: < post-classical Latin parodia (4th cent.; in classical Latin as a Greek word) < ancient Greek παρῳδία a burlesque poem or song < παρα- para- prefix¹ + ᾠδή ode n. Compare French parodie (1615; 1827 in sense 2).The definition ‘a popular Maxim, Adage or Proverbe’ in Bailey (1730–6 and some subsequent editions) is apparently the result of an error. 1. a. A literary composition modelled on and imitating another work, esp. a composition in which the characteristic style and themes of a particular author or genre are satirized by being applied to inappropriate or unlikely subjects, or are otherwise exaggerated for comic effect. In later use extended to similar imitations in other artistic fields, as music, painting, film, etc. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > a written composition > [noun] > parody or burlesque parody1607 burlesque1667 travestya1668 caricatura1732 caricature1756 skit1820 take-off1845 the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > derision, ridicule, or mockery > ridicule or mockery by specific means > [noun] > by imitation > an act or instance of parody1607 caricatura1752 burlesque1753 caricature1767 take-off1845 send-up1958 piss-take1975 1607 T. Walkington Optick Glasse v. 35 All which in a parode, imitating Virgil wee may set downe. 1616 B. Jonson Every Man in his Humor (rev. ed.) v. v, in Wks. I. 70 Clem. [reads some poetry] How? this is stolne! E. Kn. A Parodie! a parodie!.., to make it absurder then it was. 1693 J. Dryden Disc. conc. Satire in J. Dryden et al. tr. Juvenal Satires p. xx From some Fragments of the Silli..we may find, that they were Satryrique Poems, full of Parodies; that is, of Verses patch'd up from great Poets, and turn'd into another Sence than their Author intended them. 1774 J. Bryant New Syst. II. 132 (note) The history of Aristæus is nearly a parody of the histories of Orpheus and Cadmus. 1791 T. Paine Rights of Man i. 22 But if the age of aristocracy..should fall..Mr Burke, the trumpeter of the Order, may continue his parody to the end, and finish with exclaiming, ‘Othello's occupation's gone!’ 1803 Ann. Rev. 1 383/1 The singularity of the parody has given to such notes a selling value analogous to current value. 1875 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) IV. 134 The derivations in the Cratylus..are a parody of some contemporary Sophist. 1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 211/2 Adolphus was called to the bar in 1822, and his Circuiteers, an Eclogue, is a parody of the style of two of his colleagues on the northern circuit. 1958 Daily Mail 19 July 8/8 Parody of a French film sequence set in a sleezy bistro. 1977 Listener 13 Oct. 481/2 The songs are pleasant parodies of Nashville, of torch songs and even of grand opera. 2003 Washington Post 18 Feb. a25/4 I produced a ribald parody..which not only was published but won an award. b. Without article: this as a style or genre; the composition or creation of parodies, or of a parody. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > derision, ridicule, or mockery > ridicule or mockery by specific means > [noun] > by imitation mock1646 travestya1668 burlesquing1677 parody1730 burlesque1753 taking off1755 ludicrism1830 masquerade1847 caricaturing1859 charade1871 spoofing1920 piss-taking1967 1730 W. Harte Ess. Satire 10 The charms of Parody, like those of Wit, If well contrasted, never fail to hit. 1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. (at cited word) Parody,..a kind of writing, in which the words of an author or his thoughts are taken, and by a slight change adapted to some new purpose. 1821 Examiner 10/1 The turn for parody seems..to be, in its very essence, a decomposer of greatness. 1844 R. W. Emerson Ess. 2nd Ser. iv. 158 Let the creed and commandments even have the saucy homage of parody. 1891 A. T. Murray (title) On parody and paratragoedia in Aristophanes. 1911 Encycl. Brit. XX. 860/2 Parody is almost as old in European literature as serious writing. 1988 L. Hutcheon Canad. Postmodern i. 6 Through the use of parody they have..contested the canonical myths and forms of European and American Literatures. 2003 Seattle Times (Nexis) 5 June d4 Many contemporary bands who take inspiration from the 1960s veer dangerously close to parody. 2. In extended use: a poor or feeble imitation of something; a travesty. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > misrepresentation > [noun] > by caricature > instance of travesty1674 parody1836 1836 H. N. Coleridge Specimens Table Talk (ed. 2) 112 The Brussels riot..is a wretched parody on the last French revolution. 1841 W. Spalding Italy & Ital. Islands II. 106 Tuscanella,..now a petty hamlet, had a government whose complication looked like a parody on the Lombard republics. 1868 J. R. Lowell Under Willows xxi May is a pious fraud of the almanac, A ghastly parody of real Spring. 1900 W. M. Ramsay in Expositor Mar. 210 Such a parody of justice could be paralleled only by the very worst acts attributed to the Inquisition. 1917 E. Wharton Summer ii. 34 As he stood there before her, unwieldy, shabby, disordered..he seemed like a hideous parody of the fatherly old man she had always known. 1983 G. Lord Tooth & Claw viii. 62 The wind buffeted her poor chickens,..making them billow out as if in a parody of flight. 2001 Times 12 Sept. (Terror in Amer. Suppl.) 2/5 In a grotesque parody of the tickertape parades,..thousands of pieces of office paper were carried on the gusting wind to Brooklyn about three miles away. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online June 2022). parodyv. Brit. /ˈparədi/, U.S. /ˈpɛrədi/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion; modelled on a French lexical item. Etymon: parody n.² Etymology: < parody n.², perhaps after Middle French, French parodier to parody (a work) (1580), to ridicule by imitation (1807), to caricature (1813). Compare earlier parodize v. 1. a. transitive. To compose a parody on (a literary or artistic work, author, or genre); to turn into parody; to produce or constitute a humorously exaggerated imitation of; to ridicule or satirize. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > derision, ridicule, or mockery > ridicule or mockery by specific means > ridicule or mock by specific means [verb (transitive)] > ridicule or mock by imitation mocka1616 buffoon1638 mimic1671 burlesque1676 parody1733 caricature1749 to take off1750 travesty1825 grotesque1875 cartoon1884 spoof1927 to send up1931 society > leisure > the arts > literature > art or occupation of writer or author > be the author of or write (a work) [verb (transitive)] > express in written work or write about > parody parody1733 skit1781 beparody1828 1733 A. Pope Let. 20 Apr. in Corr. Alexander Pope (1956) III. 366 I have translated, or rather parodied, a poem of Horace, in which I introduce you advising me. 1763 J. Brown Diss. Poetry & Music 149 The best Men, as well as the best Tragedies, were parodied or ridiculed more commonly than the worst. 1792 C. Smith Desmond I. xxii. 210 I forsee that a thousand pens will leap from their standishes (to parody a sublime sentence of his own) to answer such a book. 1816 W. Scott Antiquary III. i. 15 One might parody their brutal ignorance in the words of Gray. 1850 L. Hunt Autobiogr. II. x. 24 He parodied music as well as words. 1894 J. R. Lowell in Cent. Mag. May 24/2 [Milton] is easily parodied and easily imitated. 1958 Times 20 May 3/7 The ‘ready-mades’ in which Marcel Duchamp parodied the exhibition work of art, signing his name on such manufactured objects as a wash-basin or a snow shovel. 1985 H. Carpenter Secret Gardens ii. 63 ‘'Tis the voice of the Lobster’ parodies Isaac Watts's ‘'Tis the voice of the Sluggard’. 2001 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 11 Jan. 24/1 A brief, ribald romp called a satyr play, which probably parodied the themes of the dramas immediately preceding it. b. intransitive. To create or compose a parody or parodies. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > art or occupation of writer or author > follow occupation of writer [verb (intransitive)] > compose > parody parodizea1657 parody1781 1781 F. Brooke Siege of Sinope 71 Let her this night your kind protection gain, The Critic then will parody in vain. 1803 Lett. Miss Riversdale II. 34 ‘Here,’ said she fantastically parodying from Thomson. 1875 R. Browning Aristophanes' Apol. 199 Archippos punned, Hegemon parodied. 1991 Sunday Herald Sun (Melbourne) (Nexis) 20 Jan. Noel McKenna and Paul Gilmartin use strong figure compositions to express aspects of human life and work. Jon Campbell parodies mercilessly..and Philip Hunter takes 1980s appropriation to the limit by re-doing Rubens. 2. transitive. In extended use: to imitate in a way that is a parody; esp. to copy or mimic for comic or derisive effect; to make fun of, satirize. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > misrepresentation > misrepresent [verb (transitive)] > by caricature travesty1667 travesteere1672 caricature1749 parody1801 1801 R. Southey Thalaba II. ix. 167 I could show that it is the trick of Beelzebub to parody the costume of religion. 1869 J. E. T. Rogers in A. Smith Inq. Wealth Nations (new ed.) I. Pref. p. xx After his death, his [sc. Pitt's] finance was parodied by incapable successors. 1878 J. E. A. Brown in Sunday Mag. Dec. 42 Children of the period, who parody the ways and the worldliness of men and women. 1927 V. Woolf To Lighthouse i. iii. 27 All these young men parodied her husband, she reflected; he said it would rain; they said it would be a positive tornado. 1954 G. Greene Twenty-one Stories 223 A class world that you could still see parodied at the Wormsley Common Empire by a man wearing a top hat and a monocle, with a haw-haw accent. 1980 E. Blishen Nest of Teachers II. xi. 122 I realised that, in the attempt to convince myself that I was a teacher, I was parodying the men who taught me. 2002 Washington Post 8 Apr. c2/3 The glib slimeballs whom Newhart manages to parody without merely ridiculing. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹a1425n.²1607v.1733
随便看	flaxbird flaxblade flaxblue flaxbolle flaxbox flaxbrake flaxbreaker flaxbush flaxcomb flaxcotton flaxcutting flaxdodder flaxdresser flaxdressing flaxed flaxen flaxen wheat flaxen-egg flaxen-haired flaxen-headed flaxen-wigged flaxenegg flaxener flaxenest flaxenhaired

† parodyn.1

parodyn.2

parodyv.

† parodyn.¹

parodyn.²