Josephsonn.
/ˈdʒəʊzɪfsən/ Physics.
Used attributively to denote an effect predicted by Josephson in 1962, whereby an electric current ( Josephson current) can flow from one superconducting metal to another with no potential difference between them if they are separated by a sufficiently thin layer of an insulator (owing to tunnelling by coherent pairs of electrons), the application of a potential difference causing the current to oscillate with a frequency equal to the voltage multiplied by 2e/h (e = the electronic charge, h = Planck's constant).
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > solid state physics > superconductivity > [noun] > discoveries of Josephson
Josephson1963
Josephson junction1966
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electric current > flow of electricity > [noun] > without impedance
supercurrent1933
Josephson1963
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > transmission of electricity, conduction > [noun] > current without dissipation > effect of
Josephson1963
1963 P. W. Anderson & J. M. Rowell in Physical Rev. Lett. 10 231/1 There are..four experimental points suggesting that this is indeed the Josephson effect.
1966 McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. (rev. ed.) XIII. 301/2 If a very small voltage difference is maintained between the two sides of the barrier..the Josephson current should oscillate. Its frequency should be 4·836 × 1014 cycles per second per volt of potential difference.
1972 Physics Bull. Aug. 457/1 The Josephson effects have led to new types of galvanometer, magnetometer and computer memory elements, to new methods of harmonic mixing of two frequencies and of harmonic generation, and to simple oscillators.
Derivatives
Josephson junction n. a metal-insulator-metal junction exhibiting this effect.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > solid state physics > superconductivity > [noun] > discoveries of Josephson
Josephson1963
Josephson junction1966
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electrically induced magnetism > electromagnetic induction > [noun] > inductance > element in
Josephson junction1966
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > transmission of electricity, conduction > [noun] > current without dissipation > effect of > junction exhibiting
Josephson junction1966
1966 Physical Rev. 141 366/2 The Josephson junction behaves as a parametric inductance element in which the voltage is proportional to the frequency.
1969 J. E. Mercerau in R. D. Parks Superconductivity I. viii. 399 Such structures of two superconductors nearly in contact (weakly connected) are now called Josephson junctions... The device provides a unique opportunity to study the coupling of electromagnetic and quantum waves.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1976; most recently modified version published online September 2018).
<
n.1963