jern.

/jɛr/

Forms: Also ier, yeer, yer(r). Plural jers, jery.

Etymology: < Old Church Slavonic jerŭ and jerĭ, Russian er (plural ery) and er′.

The name of either member of the pairs of characters ?, ? and ъ, ь of the Slavonic Glagolitic and Cyrillic alphabets, sometimes distinguished according to their Slavonic names as jerŭ ( yerŭ, jer) and jerĭ ( yerĭ, jer´) respectively; one or both of the sounds represented by these characters, or the Common Slavonic sounds from which they developed. Also attributive ( jerek, yerek in quots. 1861¹, 1883, referring to the second member of each pair, are from the derivative seen in Russian érik.)

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > writing > written character > name of written character > [noun] > Slavonic or Cyrillic

jer1763

yeri1921

1763 W. Massey Origin & Progress Lett. ( (tables facing) p. 114) Yerr... Yeer.. ier.

1861 Grammatography 58 (table) Jer... Jerek.

1861 Grammatography 61 (table) Yerr... Yer.

1883 I. Taylor Alphabet II. 196 (table) Yer... Yerek.

1949 Archivum Linguisticum 1 158 The left-to-right characters, viz. jestŭ, kako, onŭ, ukŭ, and the left-inclined, jerŭ and jerĭ..are significant.

1949 W. J. Entwistle & W. A. Morison Russ. & Slavonic Langs. 66 Peter the Great's Russian ‘civil alphabet’..retained the two jers which had no longer an alphabetical value.

1949 W. J. Entwistle & W. A. Morison Russ. & Slavonic Langs. 82 In Russian the jers continued to be distinguished as back/front vowels, and so developed into the open vowels o/e respectively.

1952 Word 8 323 Leskien..thought that the spellings indicated a change in the quality of the consonant preceding the jer-letter.

1952 Word 8 325 The category of jer-phonemes had been sharply reduced as to occurrence.

1955 H. G. Lunt Old Church Slavonic Gram. 30 A jer is weak in a syllable followed directly by a non-reduced vowel or pause... A jer is strong only in a syllable directly before a weak jer... When the jers were lost as a category, the weak jers simply disappeared, and the strong jers were replaced by another vowel.

1969 Language 45 558 The rule specifying sequences of obstruents as fricative + stop was eliminated by the time the jers were lost.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1976; most recently modified version published online June 2020).

单词	jer
释义	jern. /jɛr/ Forms: Also ier, yeer, yer(r). Plural jers, jery. Etymology: < Old Church Slavonic jerŭ and jerĭ, Russian er (plural ery) and er′. The name of either member of the pairs of characters ?, ? and ъ, ь of the Slavonic Glagolitic and Cyrillic alphabets, sometimes distinguished according to their Slavonic names as jerŭ ( yerŭ, jer) and jerĭ ( yerĭ, jer´) respectively; one or both of the sounds represented by these characters, or the Common Slavonic sounds from which they developed. Also attributive ( jerek, yerek in quots. 1861¹, 1883, referring to the second member of each pair, are from the derivative seen in Russian érik.) ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > written character > name of written character > [noun] > Slavonic or Cyrillic jer1763 yeri1921 1763 W. Massey Origin & Progress Lett. ( (tables facing) p. 114) Yerr... Yeer.. ier. 1861 Grammatography 58 (table) Jer... Jerek. 1861 Grammatography 61 (table) Yerr... Yer. 1883 I. Taylor Alphabet II. 196 (table) Yer... Yerek. 1949 Archivum Linguisticum 1 158 The left-to-right characters, viz. jestŭ, kako, onŭ, ukŭ, and the left-inclined, jerŭ and jerĭ..are significant. 1949 W. J. Entwistle & W. A. Morison Russ. & Slavonic Langs. 66 Peter the Great's Russian ‘civil alphabet’..retained the two jers which had no longer an alphabetical value. 1949 W. J. Entwistle & W. A. Morison Russ. & Slavonic Langs. 82 In Russian the jers continued to be distinguished as back/front vowels, and so developed into the open vowels o/e respectively. 1952 Word 8 323 Leskien..thought that the spellings indicated a change in the quality of the consonant preceding the jer-letter. 1952 Word 8 325 The category of jer-phonemes had been sharply reduced as to occurrence. 1955 H. G. Lunt Old Church Slavonic Gram. 30 A jer is weak in a syllable followed directly by a non-reduced vowel or pause... A jer is strong only in a syllable directly before a weak jer... When the jers were lost as a category, the weak jers simply disappeared, and the strong jers were replaced by another vowel. 1969 Language 45 558 The rule specifying sequences of obstruents as fricative + stop was eliminated by the time the jers were lost. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1976; most recently modified version published online June 2020). < n.1763
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