intelligentsian.

Brit.

/ɪnˌtɛlᵻˈdʒɛnsɪə/,

/ˌɪntɛlᵻˈdʒɛnsɪə/, U.S.

/ᵻnˌtɛləˈdʒɛn(t)siə/

Forms: 1800s– intelligencia, 1800s– intelligentsia, 1900s– intelligentcia, 1900s– intelligentzia, 1900s– intelligenzia.

Origin: A borrowing from Russian. Etymon: Russian intelligencija.

Etymology: < Russian intelligencija (1836 (in an unpublished diary) in this sense, or earlier; also transliterated intelligentsia, intelligentsiya), ultimately < classical Latin intelligentia intelligence n., probably via Polish inteligencja (although this is apparently first attested slightly later in this specific sense: 1844 or earlier; extended use of inteligencja faculty of understanding (1587 as inteligencyja in two apparently isolated attestations in the same source, subsequently from the first half of the 19th cent.)). The Russian word was also borrowed into other European languages; compare e.g. German Intelligenzia (1889 or earlier), French intelligentsia (1924 or earlier; 1899 as intelliguensia; also intelligentia (1902), intelligentsiia (1926), intelligenzia (1931), intelligentzia (1951 or earlier), etc.), Spanish intelligentsia (1970; 1895 as intelighentsia), Italian intellighenzia (1886 in a translation of Tolstoy). Compare also French intelligence (1877 in this specific sense, with reference to France). O.E.D. Suppl. (1976) notes that the word was formerly also pronounced (intelige·ntsiă) /ɪntɛlɪˈɡɛntsɪə/.

With singular and plural agreement.

The part of a nation (originally in 19th-cent. Russia) that aspires to intellectual activity and political initiative; a section of society regarded as educated and possessing culture and political influence.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > understanding > intelligence, cleverness > intellectual superiority > [noun] > intellectual person > collectively

intellect1602

illuminati1816

intellectual elite1830

intelligentsia1883

high-browed1908

1883 O. Kiryeeva Skobeleff & Slavonic Cause vii. 361 After she [sc. Russia] has been covered with the so-called Liberal constitutional organisation by our social revolutionists, and that part of our ‘Intelligencia’ who stupidly imagine that you may stop half-way.

1886 Times 16 Oct. 5/2 Another wonderful resource of Russian writers,..is the denunciation of the Bulgarian ‘Intelligentsia’, which means all the intelligent classes of the country, with their corrupting ideas from Western Europe, as being responsible for the misdirected and anti-Russian temper of ‘the people.’

1907 M. Baring Year in Russia vii. 77 They [sc. the revolutionaries] fear that if the question of a Republic is brought forward there will be a general massacre of the educated bourgeoisie, the so-called ‘Intelligenzia’.

1916 H. G. Wells Mr. Britling sees it Through i. ii. 62 They are the sort of equivalent of the Russian Intelligentsia, an irresponsible middle class with ideas.

1924 J. Galsworthy White Monkey i. ix It was not the intelligentsia, but just intellectual society, which was gathered there.

1940 P. G. Wodehouse Eggs, Beans & Crumpets 75 It was a painful shock to the intelligentsia..when they discovered that their old friend was not going to prove the geyser of easy money they had anticipated.

1956 R. Redfield Peasant Society & Culture ii. 61 To the administrative and cultural intermediaries between local life and wider life the word ‘intelligentsia’ has long been applied.

1971 H. Seton-Watson in A. Bullock 20th Cent. 139/1 The revolutionary propensity of the intelligentsia has been definitely correlated with the extent of the cultural gap between the educated élite and the mass of the people.

2003 G. Haigh in D. Adebayo et al. New Writing 12 146 The exiled Trotsky was then a pin-up of the liberal intelligentsia.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	intelligentsia
释义	intelligentsian. Brit. /ɪnˌtɛlᵻˈdʒɛnsɪə/, /ˌɪntɛlᵻˈdʒɛnsɪə/, U.S. /ᵻnˌtɛləˈdʒɛn(t)siə/ Forms: 1800s– intelligencia, 1800s– intelligentsia, 1900s– intelligentcia, 1900s– intelligentzia, 1900s– intelligenzia. Origin: A borrowing from Russian. Etymon: Russian intelligencija. Etymology: < Russian intelligencija (1836 (in an unpublished diary) in this sense, or earlier; also transliterated intelligentsia, intelligentsiya), ultimately < classical Latin intelligentia intelligence n., probably via Polish inteligencja (although this is apparently first attested slightly later in this specific sense: 1844 or earlier; extended use of inteligencja faculty of understanding (1587 as inteligencyja in two apparently isolated attestations in the same source, subsequently from the first half of the 19th cent.)). The Russian word was also borrowed into other European languages; compare e.g. German Intelligenzia (1889 or earlier), French intelligentsia (1924 or earlier; 1899 as intelliguensia; also intelligentia (1902), intelligentsiia (1926), intelligenzia (1931), intelligentzia (1951 or earlier), etc.), Spanish intelligentsia (1970; 1895 as intelighentsia), Italian intellighenzia (1886 in a translation of Tolstoy). Compare also French intelligence (1877 in this specific sense, with reference to France). O.E.D. Suppl. (1976) notes that the word was formerly also pronounced (intelige·ntsiă) /ɪntɛlɪˈɡɛntsɪə/. With singular and plural agreement. The part of a nation (originally in 19th-cent. Russia) that aspires to intellectual activity and political initiative; a section of society regarded as educated and possessing culture and political influence. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > understanding > intelligence, cleverness > intellectual superiority > [noun] > intellectual person > collectively intellect1602 illuminati1816 intellectual elite1830 intelligentsia1883 high-browed1908 1883 O. Kiryeeva Skobeleff & Slavonic Cause vii. 361 After she [sc. Russia] has been covered with the so-called Liberal constitutional organisation by our social revolutionists, and that part of our ‘Intelligencia’ who stupidly imagine that you may stop half-way. 1886 Times 16 Oct. 5/2 Another wonderful resource of Russian writers,..is the denunciation of the Bulgarian ‘Intelligentsia’, which means all the intelligent classes of the country, with their corrupting ideas from Western Europe, as being responsible for the misdirected and anti-Russian temper of ‘the people.’ 1907 M. Baring Year in Russia vii. 77 They [sc. the revolutionaries] fear that if the question of a Republic is brought forward there will be a general massacre of the educated bourgeoisie, the so-called ‘Intelligenzia’. 1916 H. G. Wells Mr. Britling sees it Through i. ii. 62 They are the sort of equivalent of the Russian Intelligentsia, an irresponsible middle class with ideas. 1924 J. Galsworthy White Monkey i. ix It was not the intelligentsia, but just intellectual society, which was gathered there. 1940 P. G. Wodehouse Eggs, Beans & Crumpets 75 It was a painful shock to the intelligentsia..when they discovered that their old friend was not going to prove the geyser of easy money they had anticipated. 1956 R. Redfield Peasant Society & Culture ii. 61 To the administrative and cultural intermediaries between local life and wider life the word ‘intelligentsia’ has long been applied. 1971 H. Seton-Watson in A. Bullock 20th Cent. 139/1 The revolutionary propensity of the intelligentsia has been definitely correlated with the extent of the cultural gap between the educated élite and the mass of the people. 2003 G. Haigh in D. Adebayo et al. New Writing 12 146 The exiled Trotsky was then a pin-up of the liberal intelligentsia. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1883
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