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单词 hask
释义

haskn.

Brit. /hɑːsk/, /hask/, U.S. /hæsk/
Forms: 1500s–1600s haske, 1600s 1900s– hask.
Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: hassock n.
Etymology: Origin uncertain; perhaps a variant of hassock n. (compare sense 3 at that entry).
Now historical.
A basket used to carry fish.Often in figurative contexts, chiefly with allusion to Spenser's use (see quot. 1579).
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > container for food > [noun] > basket > for fish
swill1352
junketa1382
fish-leepc1440
weel?a1475
hask1579
swad1602
roaring1615
rope basket1811
kit1847
cawl1865
roarer1887
fish-basket1955
1579 E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Nov. f. 44v Phoebus..hath..taken vp his ynne in Fishes has-ke. [E. K. in Gloss., In fishes haske, the sonne, reigneth that is, in the signe Pisces all Nouember. a haske is a wicker pad, wherein they vse to cary fish.].
1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Cauagna,..a fishers basket, or haske.
1611 F. Davison Poems 38 The joyfull sunne, whom cloudy winter's spight Had shut from us in watry fishes haske.
1633 P. Fletcher Poeticall Misc. 59 in Purple Island The sunne, which yet in fishes hasks, Or watry urn, impounds his fainting head.
1659 G. Torriano Florio's Vocabolario Italiano & Inglese Cavágna,..a fisher's-weel, or haske.
1954 Huntington Libr. Q. 18 7 Like the Kid of May's fable, caught in the Fox's bag, Elisa was in the Fish's hask—or basket or bag.
1995 D. Brooks-Davies in E. Spenser Sel. Shorter Poems App. 404 The sun, as the prime monarchical symbol, represents Elizabeth, now resident in the hask (basket) of the Fish, i.e., Alençon, who, as a Catholic, was obliged to eat fish on fast days.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

haskadj.adv.

Brit. /hask/, /hɑːsk/, U.S. /hæsk/, Scottish English /hask/, Irish English /hæsk/
Forms: late Middle English–1500s haske, 1500s– hask; English regional 1700s–1800s 'ask (midlands), 1800s ask (northern and north midlands)), 1800s aske (Cumberland), 1800s haske (northern), 1800s hosk (Cheshire), 1800s yask (Cheshire).
Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymons: harsk , harsh adj.
Etymology: Variant of harsk (see harsh adj.), with early assimilatory loss of r before s.
Chiefly Scottish, English regional (northern and north midlands), and Irish English (northern) in later use.
1. Harsh and dry to the taste or touch; coarse, rough, dried-out; astringent.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > constitution of matter > other specific kinds of texture > [adjective] > coarse
greateOE
hardOE
boistous1398
hask?a1425
roidc1485
gross?1504
gruff1533
coarse1582
stoggie1825
broad1908
the world > matter > liquid > dryness > [adjective] > and coarse
hask?a1425
?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 31v (MED) 2a. fourme is made or done with lana succida infused in sope & lie with wine cocte & oile y-mixte togider, in adding to of acete & haske or stronge [?c1425 Paris sterne; L. austero] wyne.
Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 228 Harske, or haske, as sundry frutys, stipticus, poriticus.
1593 G. Markham Disc. Horsmanshippe iii. sig. G4v This branne is nothing but the outmost shale or huske of the Corne, the meale and strength whereof is taken away: now when yt vertue is bereft, what remaines but a dry haske thing, without eyther nutriment or spirite?
1618 P. Anderson Colde Spring Kinghorne Craig sig. B4 A button of Crystall holden in the mouth when the tongue is hask and dry in fevers, presentlie cooleth & moystneth the same.
1747 W. Hooson Miners Dict. sig. Mijv Curled and adorned after the same manner by Spar, but hask and dry, and of no pleasant Colour at all.
1787 T. Topham New Compend. Syst. Dis. Cattle v. 69 At other times the mouth is hask and dry, the skin stiff, and all the external parts cold.
1825 B. Rotch in Glasgow Mechanics' Mag. 17 Sept. 73/2 [Bleached goods] taken from the leys or sours, or even after crofting,..always have a hard feel, which makes them appear hask , as the Scotch bleachers express it.
1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) (at cited word)Hask grass’, rough, coarse grass.
1850 Notts. Guardian 4 July 2/4 Having used your Composition for Dipping Sheep in my flock of 700, I have found it greatly to improve the growth of the wool and leave it with its natural oily nature, and not so dry and hask as the Composition I have had from other parties in former years.
1884 G. S. Streatfeild Lincolnshire & Danes 265 At the fore-end of the year the winds are often hask and snyde.
1891 Preston Guardian 30 Mar. 2/6 No doubt the hask, dry, and very cold spring has been unfavourable for the health of the young equine species.
1928 A. E. Pease Dict. Dial. N. Riding Yorks. 58/2 Hask..harsh, rough, coarse, dryness as regards food. ‘Es hask ez choppt haay’.
1995 J. M. Sims-Kimbrey Wodds & Doggerybaw 137/1 Hask, parched, rough, dry. ‘Me skin's all 'ask after bein' out theer wi' wet 'ands in a' that freezin' wind!’ ‘Them lettuces is all 'ask an' snerped up. Ya fergot ter watter 'em, dintcher?’
2. Harsh in sound, tone, or manner; acerbic, severe.In quot. ?1440 as adv.: with a harsh sound.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > unpleasant quality > harsh or discordant quality > [adjective] > making harsh or discordant sound
hoarsec1369
ganglinga1398
roughlyc1400
rauk?a1425
rustyc1430
hask?1440
savagea1450
raw1474
hoar?a1505
harsh1530
untunable1545
jarring1552
jarry1582
barking1589
absonant1600
wrangling1608
raucous1615
asper1626
streperous1637
scrannel1638
caterwaulinga1652
unmelodious1665
jangling1667
latrant1702
untuneful1709
raucid1730
unharmonious1742
unmelodized1771
unmelodic1823
raucal1826
rauque1845
raspish1847
serratic1859
jangled1874
jangly1891
amelodic1937
tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) vii. l. 124 Al hugely and haske [L. rauce] yf that they [sc. bees] humme..A signe is that their combes beth ful drie.
1584 in D. Calderwood Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1843) IV. 126 With inkehorne termes and counterfooted eloquence, and als hask a stile, as would [etc.].
1599 A. Hume Hymnes Ep. to Rdr. sig. A4v Rude Scottish and hask verses.
1643 R. Baillie Lett. & Jrnls. (1841) II. 63 The petition of the Londoners got so hask and insnareing ane answer.
1678 J. Brown Quakerisme Path-way to Paganisme xviii. 380 Instead of answering, and saying..That none others, but such as should certainly be saved, were true and lawful Ministers; finding this, it seemeth, too hask, he chooseth rather to say, That there may be a total falling away from grace.
1876 W. Brockie Confessional 194 [He] swure an aith eneuch ane's bluid to chill; It was in a tone baith hersh and hask.
1996 C. I. Macafee Conc. Ulster Dict. 166/1 Hask,..of a person, harsh, unsympathetic, severe; ill-natured.
?2002 I. W. D. Forde Hale ir Sindries ii. i. 122 The cosie ruim..wes hiz fend agin the disconveniences o the hask warl outby.
3. Esp. of a cough: hoarse, husky.
ΚΠ
a1722 E. Lisle Observ. Husbandry (1757) II. 129 They have in Wilts a disease on their cows, which they call a hask, or husky cough.
1787 T. Topham New Compend. Syst. Dis. Cattle xlii. 377 In any dry hask cough..the opening of a vein is peculiarly serviceable.
1936 Trans. Thoroton Soc. Notts. 39 27 She seems to have such a hask cough on her.
1996 C. I. Macafee Conc. Ulster Dict. 166/1 Hask,..husky, hoarse.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1579adj.adv.?a1425
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