Hinayanan.

Brit.

/ˌhiːnəˈjɑːnə/,

/ˌhɪnəˈjɑːnə/, U.S.

/ˌhɪnəˈjɑnə/,

/ˌhinəˈjɑnə/

Forms: 1800s– Hinayana, 1900s– Hinajana (now rare).

Origin: A borrowing from Sanskrit. Etymon: Sanskrit hīnayāna.

Etymology: < Sanskrit hīnayāna < hīna inferior, lesser, literally ‘defective’ + yāna vehicle (compare vehicle n. 6). Compare German Hinayana (1844 as Hinajana , or earlier). Compare earlier Theravada n. Compare also Mahayana n.With quot. 1855 compare Chinese xiǎochéng Hinayana, literally ‘little vehicle’ (already in Middle Chinese), translating Sanskrit hīnayāna , after dàshéng Mahayana, literally ‘great vehicle’ (translating Sanskrit mahāyāna Mahayana n.; already in Middle Chinese); compare (probably at least partly after Chinese) Little Vehicle and Lesser Vehicle at vehicle n. 6, and similar expressions in other European languages.

The earlier of the two major traditions of Buddhism; any of various schools belonging to this tradition. Cf. Mahayana n.The term Hinayana originated in Mahayana Buddhism as a depreciative term for schools believed to encourage a selfish preoccupation with personal enlightenment and the ideal of the Arhat, in contrast with the Mahayana tradition. The Theravada school is the only one of these schools to survive into modern times. The term is not generally used now, on account of its implied denigration of Theravada Buddhism. Cf. Theravada n.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > sect > non-Christian religions > Buddhism > Buddhist sects and groups > [noun] > Hinayana

Hinayana1855

Hinayanism1889

1855 North-China Herald 4 Aug. 3/1 The distinction of Mahayana, (ta sheng), or great development, and Hinayana, (siau sheng) or lesser development, runs through the works of all the three classes [of Buddhist literature] above described.

1882 Encycl. Brit. XIV. 229/1 These volumes [sc. the Kandjur] contain about a dozen works of the oldest school of Buddhism, the Hīnayāna.

1973 Times 14 Apr. (Nepal Suppl.) p. ii/3 Buddhism in the Katmandu Valley subsequently forsook the ascetic path of Hīnayāna.

2018 Japanese Jrnl. Relig. Stud. 45 95 The shared teaching of both the Hīnayāna and the Mahāyāna, which teaches the emptiness of both persons and dharmas.

Compounds

General use as a modifier, as in Hinayana Buddhism, Hinayana Buddhist.

ΚΠ

1870 E. J. Eitel Handbk. for Student of Chinese Buddhism 32/2 An adherent of the Hinayana school who lived about 630 A. D.

1950 Jrnl. Amer. Oriental Soc. 70 147/2 They [sc. the Jatakas] do not suggest that the readers should themselves try to become Buddhas... This literature still moves in the Hīnayāna tradition.

1983 A. Harvey Journey in Ladakh 185 The Hinayana meditation technique, known as Vipassyana, ‘Seeing without discrimination’.

1990 T. Ruprecht Toronto's Many Faces 59 The majority of Cambodians are Hinayana Buddhists.

2002 N. Drury Dict. Esoteric 143/1 Hinayana Buddhism stresses close adherence to the text of the Pali Canon and is more concerned with the moral precepts of Gautama Buddha than with the concept of bodhisattvas found in the Mahayana tradition.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2021).

单词	hinayana
释义	Hinayanan. Brit. /ˌhiːnəˈjɑːnə/, /ˌhɪnəˈjɑːnə/, U.S. /ˌhɪnəˈjɑnə/, /ˌhinəˈjɑnə/ Forms: 1800s– Hinayana, 1900s– Hinajana (now rare). Origin: A borrowing from Sanskrit. Etymon: Sanskrit hīnayāna. Etymology: < Sanskrit hīnayāna < hīna inferior, lesser, literally ‘defective’ + yāna vehicle (compare vehicle n. 6). Compare German Hinayana (1844 as Hinajana , or earlier). Compare earlier Theravada n. Compare also Mahayana n.With quot. 1855 compare Chinese xiǎochéng Hinayana, literally ‘little vehicle’ (already in Middle Chinese), translating Sanskrit hīnayāna , after dàshéng Mahayana, literally ‘great vehicle’ (translating Sanskrit mahāyāna Mahayana n.; already in Middle Chinese); compare (probably at least partly after Chinese) Little Vehicle and Lesser Vehicle at vehicle n. 6, and similar expressions in other European languages. The earlier of the two major traditions of Buddhism; any of various schools belonging to this tradition. Cf. Mahayana n.The term Hinayana originated in Mahayana Buddhism as a depreciative term for schools believed to encourage a selfish preoccupation with personal enlightenment and the ideal of the Arhat, in contrast with the Mahayana tradition. The Theravada school is the only one of these schools to survive into modern times. The term is not generally used now, on account of its implied denigration of Theravada Buddhism. Cf. Theravada n. ΘΚΠ society > faith > sect > non-Christian religions > Buddhism > Buddhist sects and groups > [noun] > Hinayana Hinayana1855 Hinayanism1889 1855 North-China Herald 4 Aug. 3/1 The distinction of Mahayana, (ta sheng), or great development, and Hinayana, (siau sheng) or lesser development, runs through the works of all the three classes [of Buddhist literature] above described. 1882 Encycl. Brit. XIV. 229/1 These volumes [sc. the Kandjur] contain about a dozen works of the oldest school of Buddhism, the Hīnayāna. 1973 Times 14 Apr. (Nepal Suppl.) p. ii/3 Buddhism in the Katmandu Valley subsequently forsook the ascetic path of Hīnayāna. 2018 Japanese Jrnl. Relig. Stud. 45 95 The shared teaching of both the Hīnayāna and the Mahāyāna, which teaches the emptiness of both persons and dharmas. Compounds General use as a modifier, as in Hinayana Buddhism, Hinayana Buddhist. ΚΠ 1870 E. J. Eitel Handbk. for Student of Chinese Buddhism 32/2 An adherent of the Hinayana school who lived about 630 A. D. 1950 Jrnl. Amer. Oriental Soc. 70 147/2 They [sc. the Jatakas] do not suggest that the readers should themselves try to become Buddhas... This literature still moves in the Hīnayāna tradition. 1983 A. Harvey Journey in Ladakh 185 The Hinayana meditation technique, known as Vipassyana, ‘Seeing without discrimination’. 1990 T. Ruprecht Toronto's Many Faces 59 The majority of Cambodians are Hinayana Buddhists. 2002 N. Drury Dict. Esoteric 143/1 Hinayana Buddhism stresses close adherence to the text of the Pali Canon and is more concerned with the moral precepts of Gautama Buddha than with the concept of bodhisattvas found in the Mahayana tradition. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2021). < n.1855
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