请输入您要查询的英文单词:

 

单词 crump
释义

crumpn.2

Etymology: Variant of cramp n.1
Obsolete.
= cramp n.1
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > disorders affecting muscles > [noun] > spasm or cramp
cramp1374
emprosthotonosa1398
spasmc1400
spasmusc1400
crickc1424
crumpa1500
misspringinga1500
spasma?1541
convulsion1585
catch1830
kink1848
tonus1891
a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xxx. 406 There I stode on my stumpe, I stakerd that stownde; There chachid I the crumpe, Yit held I my grounde, Halfe nome.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

crumpn.3

Etymology: Compare crimp n.2
Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Crump, one that helps Sollicitors to Affidavit men, and Swearers, and Bail, who for a small Sum will be Bound or Swear for any Body.
1725 in New Canting Dict.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

crumpn.4

Etymology: < crump v.2 3.
dialect or colloquial.
1. A hard hit, given with brisk or abrupt effect.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > impact > striking > striking with specific degree of force > [noun] > hard or vigorous striking > a hard or vigorous blow
rackc1300
pelta1540
sparring-blowa1690
racket1710
whack1737
skite1825
slogger1829
slug1830
swinger1836
slog1846
crump1850
bitch slap1987
1850–60 [In use at Cricket].
1879 Jamieson's Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. (new ed.) Crump, a smart blow, Clydesdale.
1891 J. S. Farmer Slang II. 223/1 Crump (Winchester College), a hard hit; a fall.
2. The explosion of a heavy shell or bomb, or the sound of this; hence, the shell itself; crump-hole, a hole or crater made by a shell. Soldiers' slang.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > land > landscape > low land > hollow or depression > [noun] > made by bomb
crater1839
crump-hole1914
bomb-crater1920
camouflet1941
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > sudden or violent sound > explosive sound > [noun] > of guns or shells
flash in the pan1566
bark1871
phut1874
prut1898
pip-pop1902
bom1906
crump1914
crumping1919
poop1919
cough1928
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > explosive device > [noun] > bomb > other bombs
iron bomb1759
suicide bomb1889
crump1914
radio bomb1914
marmite1915
pineapple bomb1916
pineapple1918
germ bomb1921
stick-bomb1928
bomblet1937
breadbasket1940
flash bomb1940
blockbuster1942
butterfly bomb1942
screamer1942
plastic bomb1944
napalm bomb1945
mail bomb1972
blast bomb1976
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > ammunition for firearms > [noun] > bullet or shell > shell > other types of shell
carcass1684
light ball1729
anchor ball1779
shrapnel1810
hollow shot1862
segment-shell1862
blind-shell1864
ring-shot1868
star shell1876
ring-shell1879
pipsqueak1900
Black Maria1914
coal box1914
crump1914
Jack Johnson1914
Archie1915
Little Willie1915
whizz-bang1915
woolly bear1915
fizzbang1916
five-ninea1918
ashcan1918
cream puff1918
sea-bag1918
pudding1919
G.I. can1929
flechette1961
1914 Times 10 Dec. 6/1 The heavy shell..ending in a loud ‘crump’ as it bursts on the ground.
1915 D. O. Barnett Let. 16 June in In Happy Memory 180 Suddenly a yellow cloud leaped up three times as high as the tower itself..and after a bit there was the deuce of a crump.
1915 D. O. Barnett Let. 10 Aug. in In Happy Memory 220 I got buried by a six-inch crump.
1915 ‘B. Cable’ Between Lines 254 There was some fancy driving past them crump holes in the road.
1916 C. E. W. Bean Lett. from France (1917) 75 We can hear the crump, crump, crump of heavy explosives almost incessantly.
1917 P. Gibbs Battles of Somme 171 The enemy was ‘lathering’ the field of observation with every kind of ‘crump’ and shell.
1930 E. Blunden Poems 186 A crump at any moment May blow us to bits.
1961 Guardian 3 Apr. 5/4 The steady crump of falling bombs.
3. Mining. A violent burst in the floor, walls, or ceiling of a mine.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > workplace > places where raw materials are extracted > mine > [noun] > burst in floor, walls, or ceiling of mine
crump1925
1925 Pendleton Reporter 7 Nov. 8/2 The accident was due to a ‘crump’. ‘Crumps’ are caused through the floor of the mine rising owing to an accumulation of gases below it.
1927 Command Paper 2946 (Reports XI) 244 Crumps are..caused by..great cumulative stress set up by the folding and thrusting of the strata..which..causes violent roof~falls and up-thrusting of the floor of the mine.
1967 Gloss. Mining Terms (B.S.I.) viii. 8 Bump (crump), a sudden and heavy release of strain energy in the major body of rock surrounding a mine working, resulting in displacement of the strata.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2019).

crumpadj.1n.1

Forms: Also 1600s cromp.
Etymology: Old English crump = Old High German chrumph , Middle High German krumpf , a by-form, probably intensive, of Old English crumb , Old High German chrumb (see crumb adj.), which has largely supplanted the simpler form. There is however a long gap in the history during the Middle English period, and it is possible that the 16th cent. crump resulted from analysis of crump-back , crump-footed , etc., where crumped , crumpt , was in earlier use. For the etymological affinities of the group see Note to cramp n.1
Obsolete.
A. adj.1
Crooked: said chiefly of the body or limbs from deformity, old age, or disease.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > deformity > [adjective]
crumpa800
crookedc1290
counterfeited1340
courbe1395
crumpleda1400
wanshapena1425
courbedc1430
wrongc1430
crumped1480
mismadec1480
counterfeit1483
crabby1550
crab-tree-like1576
crab-tree1598
crabbed1601
bossive1658
stumping1852
arthritic1961
a800 Corpus Gloss. 1411 Obunca crump.
c1050 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 459 Obunca crump.
1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. iii. 76 All those steep Mountaines..Vnder First Waters their crump shoulders hid.
1652 J. Gaule Πυς-μαντια 186 Cromp shoulders.
1656 tr. J. A. Comenius Latinæ Linguæ Janua Reserata: Gate Lat. Tongue Unlocked xxix. §287 A crump-back, swoln throat, and any bunch whatsoëver caus deformitie.
1719 T. D'Urfey Wit & Mirth I. 34 Bowing low with her back-bone crump.
B. n.1
1. A hunch or hump on the back. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > deformity > deformities of specific parts > [noun] > hump back > hump
botchc1330
courbe1393
bossa1400
bulgec1400
crump1659
hump1709
1659 G. Torriano Florio's Vocabolario Italiano & Inglese Scrígno, a bunch, a crump, a knob upon ones back.
2. A crooked person, a hunchback.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > deformity > deformities of specific parts > [noun] > hump back > person
crouchbackc1491
crook-backa1513
urchin1528
lord1653
crump-backa1661
crump1698
hump1708
humpback1712
hunchback1712
crumple-back1845
bible-back1873
knarl-
1698 J. Vanbrugh Æsop ii. i Esop..that piece of deformity! that monster! that crump!
1698 J. Vanbrugh Æsop iii. i If I stand to hear this crump preach a little longer, I shall be fool enough perhaps to be bubbled out of my livelihood.
1716 tr. T.-S. Gueullette Thousand & One Quarters of Hours 161 Nohoüd..put only one of the Crumps into his [sc. the porter's] Sack.
1719 T. D'Urfey Wit & Mirth I. 78 Tho' the Crump too that Season, Got Bruges and Ghent by Treason.

Compounds

crump-back n. a hunchback, a crook-back; also crump-backed, crump-footed, crump-shouldered, etc. [Cf. German combinations in krumm-, as krummfusz, krumfüszig, Dutch krom-, as krom-voet, krom-voetigh (Kilian).]
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > deformity > deformities of specific parts > [adjective] > of shoulders
crooked-shoulderedc1515
crump-shouldered1542
out-shouldered1579
crook-shouldered1580
round-shouldered1586
crumped-shouldered1603
round1702
hump-shouldereda1704
stoop-shouldered1748
huck-shouldered1847
the world > health and disease > ill health > deformity > deformities of specific parts > [noun] > hump back
crooked-rig1382
crouchbackc1491
crook-back?1507
bunch-back1618
crump-backa1661
humpback1697
hunchback1718
huckle-back1762
cyphosis1847
bowbackedness1864
kyphosis-
the world > health and disease > ill health > deformity > deformities of specific parts > [adjective] > hump back
hoveredc897
embossedc1430
bow-backed1470
crook-backed1477
courbe-backed1480
bunch-backed1519
hunchbacked1598
buncht-back1603
crouch-backed1606
hulch1611
hulch-backed1611
hulched1611
crouchback1627
camel-backed1631
huck-backed1631
hulchy1632
boss-backed1640
gibbous1646
huckle-backeda1652
hulck-backed1656
hunched1656
crump-backeda1661
humpbacked1681
humped1713
humpback1726
humptya1825
hunchy1841
bible-backed1857
crooked-backed1866
cyphotic1889
the world > health and disease > ill health > deformity > deformities of specific parts > [noun] > hump back > person
crouchbackc1491
crook-backa1513
urchin1528
lord1653
crump-backa1661
crump1698
hump1708
humpback1712
hunchback1712
crumple-back1845
bible-back1873
knarl-
1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes f. 223 Croumpe shouldreed, shorte necked.
1599 J. Withals Shorte Dict. 96/1 Crumpe-footed, loripes.
a1661 B. Holyday tr. Juvenal Satyres (1673) x. 191 Ne're contract With one throat-swoln, gor-bellied, or crump-back'd.
1661 R. Lovell Πανζωορυκτολογια, sive Panzoologicomineralogia 153 It helps crump-backs.
1715 tr. M.-C. d'Aulnoy Wks. 370 She was Hunch-back'd and Crump-shoulder'd both before and behind.
1783 Ainsworth's Thes. Linguæ Latinæ (new ed.) at Back Crump backed, gibbosus, humeris incurvus.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

crumpadj.2

Brit. /krʌmp/, U.S. /krəmp/, Scottish English /krʌmp/
Etymology: A parallel form of crimp adj. 1; having apparently associations with crump v.2, and with crumple n. Compare cramp n.1
Scottish and northern.
Brittle or friable under the teeth, easily ‘crumped’.
ΚΠ
1786 R. Burns Holy Fair vii, in Poems 44 An' farls, bak'd wi' butter, Fu' crump that day.
1811 R. Willan List Words W. Riding Yorks. (E.D.S.) Crump, crimp, hard, brittle, crumbling.
a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Crump, crumpy..easily breaking under the teeth.
1878 W. Dickinson Gloss. Words & Phrases Cumberland (ed. 2) Crump, brittle; crumbling.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

crumpv.1

Etymology: < crump adj.1 or its source: see crimp v.1 and cramp n.1 Compare also German dialect krummen, krumpen, Dutch krommen, to become crooked, to crook, krumpfen to shrivel, shrink up, which are similarly related to German krumm, krumpf adjective. Also the transitive krümmen, krümpen, krumpfen: see Grimm.
Obsolete.
1. intransitive. To draw itself into a curve, curl, curl up.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > shape > curvature > be or become curved or bent [verb (intransitive)]
beyc888
bowOE
fold13..
crumpc1325
windc1374
courbe1377
curb1377
plyc1395
bend1398
ploy?1473
bowl1513
bought1521
tirve1567
crookle1577
crook1579
compass1588
round1613
incurvate1647
circumflex1661
arcuate1678
to round off1678
sweep1725
curve1748
curvaturea1811
c1325 Poem Times Edw. II 115 in Pol. Songs (Camden) 329 Summe bereth croune of acolite for the crumponde crok.
1607 B. Jonson Volpone v. ii. sig. L3 But your Clarissimo, old round-backe, hee Will crumpe you [= to or for you], like a hog-louse, with the touch. View more context for this quotation
2. transitive (and reflexive). To bend (a thing) into a curve, crook, curl up.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > shape > curvature > curve or bend [verb (reflexive)]
crump1480
the world > space > shape > curvature > curve or bend [verb (transitive)]
beyc888
bowa1300
incrooka1340
inbowa1382
crook1382
plya1393
inflectc1425
courbe1430
wryc1450
cralla1475
crumbc1490
bought1521
compass1542
incurvate1578
ploy1578
incurve1610
curve1615
circumflex1649
wheel1656
curb1662
crumpa1821
curvaturec1933
1480 [implied in: W. Caxton tr. Ovid Metamorphoses xi. xviii A fowle..that hath a crumped bill. (at crumped adj.)].
1744 J. Parsons in Philos. Trans. 1742–3 (Royal Soc.) 42 535 He turns his Tail to the Wall, and, extending his hind Legs asunder, crumps himself up.a1821 J. Keats Extracts from Opera in Life, Lett. & Literary Remains (1848) II. 266 A careless nurse..May have crumpt up a pair of Dian's legs, And warpt the ivory of a Juno's neck.
3. figurative. ? To ruffle, disturb.
ΚΠ
1656 P. Heylyn Surv. Estate France 158 Who being so often troubled and crumped by them have little cause to afford them a liking.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

crumpv.2

/krʌmp/
Etymology: A word imitating the sound made in eating moderately firm and ‘short’ substances, or in walking over slightly compressed snow, greater firmness and less brittleness being implied than in the use of crunch or crush . There is possibly some association with crump adj.2; compare also crumple v. 6.
transitive and intransitive.
1. To eat with an abrupt but somewhat dulled sound; applied esp. to horses or pigs when feeding.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > order Artiodactyla (cloven-hoofed animals) > pig > [verb (transitive)] > eat with certain sound
crump1647
the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > eating > processes or manners of eating > eat via specific process [verb (transitive)] > munch or crunch
gruse?c1225
maungec1400
muncha1425
champ1530
crash1530
cham1531
chank1567
scranch1620
grouze1628
craunch1632
crump1647
denticate1799
crinch1808
crunch1814
scrunch1825
chomp1848
chump1854
the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > eating > processes or manners of eating > eat via specific process [verb (intransitive)] > crunch or munch
munch1530
munchion1611
craunch1637
chomp1645
crump1760
munge1770
crunch1856
the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > habits and actions of horse > [verb (intransitive)] > make sound whilst eating
crumpa1825
the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > habits and actions of horse > [verb (transitive)] > eat or drop food
crumpa1825
quid1831
the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > order Artiodactyla (cloven-hoofed animals) > pig > [verb (intransitive)] > eat in certain way or with certain sound
crump1827
slush1832
1647 H. More To Young Authour in J. Hall Poems sig. A4v A Pig, that roots In Jury-land or crumps Arabick roots.
1760 Miss Talbot in Lett. w. Miss Carter (1808) 484 Two years ago I could as easily have eat an Elephant as a sea biscuit, which I now crump again very comfortably.
a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Crump, to eat anything brittle or crimp.
1827 J. Clare Shepherd's Cal. 74 The restless hogs will..crump adown the mellow and the green.
1878 W. Dickinson Gloss. Words & Phrases Cumberland (ed. 2) Crump, the sound of horses' teeth when eating.]
2. Applied to the sound made by the feet in crushing slightly frozen snow; and to the action which produces it. Cf. crumple v. 6.
ΘΠ
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > repeated sound or succession of sounds > [verb (intransitive)] > crackle
brastlec1000
rashetOE
spranklea1387
sprinklea1398
graislea1522
crash1563
crackle?1570
crick-crackle1608
decrepitate1677
crump1789
happer1825
crumple1837
crickle1849
crick-crack1850
crepitate1853
the world > matter > constitution of matter > weakness > make weak [verb (transitive)] > make brittle > make crisp > crush crisp substance
crump1789
crisp1824
crumple1837
scranch1845
crunch1849
1789 D. Davidson Thoughts Seasons 133 (Jam.) To the pliant foot..the grassy path crumps sonorous.
1789 D. Davidson Thoughts Seasons 151 Close upon her snow-cap'd haunt..watchful lest his crumping tread Should her untimely rouse.
1820 J. Clare Poems Rural Life 47 And upon the crumping snows Stamps, in vain, to warm his toes.
3. To strike with a brisk or abrupt effect.[There is a certain analogy of manner between this and the preceding senses.]
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > batting > bat [verb (intransitive)] > types of stroke
chop1776
mow1844
crump1850
poke1851
cut1857
swipe1857
glance1898
glide1899
cart1903
nibble1926
on-drive1930
slash1955
cover-drive1960
push1963
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > batting > bat [verb (transitive)] > hit > hit with specific stroke
take1578
stop1744
nip1752
block1772
drive1773
cut1816
draw1816
tip1816
poke1836
spoon1836
mow1844
to put up1845
smother1845
sky1849
crump1850
to pick up1851
pull1851
skyrocket1851
swipe1851
to put down1860
to get away1868
smite1868
snick1871
lift1874
crack1882
smack1882
off-drive1888
snip1890
leg1892
push1893
hook1896
flick1897
on-drive1897
chop1898
glance1898
straight drive1898
cart1903
edge1904
tonk1910
sweep1920
mishook1934
middle1954
square-drive1954
tickle1963
square-cut1976
slash1977
splice1982
paddle1986
1850–60 [In use at Cricket].
1879 Jamieson's Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. (new ed.) Crump, to smack, to thwack, as ‘he's crumpit my croun wi' his stick’.
1889 Boy's Own Paper 4 May 496/1 Let me see The way well pitched up balls to crump.
1892 Sat. Rev. 2 Jan. 12/2 We could slog to square-leg, or crump to the off.
4. Soldiers' slang.
a. intransitive. To fire heavy shells; also, to explode with a ‘crump’ (see crump n.4 2).
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > sudden or violent sound > explosive sound > [verb (intransitive)] > of guns or shells
speak1707
bark1853
crump1915
society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > action of propelling missile > discharge of firearms > management of artillery > operate artillery [verb (intransitive)] > discharge artillery > specific projectile
crump1952
1915 ‘B. Cable’ Between Lines 254 We could hear the blighters crumpin' away back down the road behind us.
1919 W. Deeping Second Youth xxiii. 196 Five-point nines were still crumping on the road ahead of them.
1952 E. F. Davies Illyrian Venture vii. 119 Mortars of about two-inch and three-inch size were crumping irregularly.
a1967 J. R. Ackerley My Father & Myself (1968) vii. 66 Shells began to whizz over and crump in the ravine behind.
b. transitive. To bombard with heavy shells.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > action of propelling missile > discharge of firearms > management of artillery > operate (artillery) [verb (transitive)] > bombard > assail with types of missile
rocket1794
shrapnelize1837
mitraille1844
grapeshot1876
shrapnel1901
whizz-bang1915
crump1916
1916 Blackwood's Mag. Jan. 125/1 You may imagine with what methodical solemnity the Bosche ‘crumps’ the interior of that constricted area.
1920 J. C. F. Fuller Tanks in Great War 54 The ground had..become severely ‘crumped’ in places.
1923 R. Kipling Irish Guards in Great War I. 170 No. 1 Company of the Irish saw a platoon of Coldstream in front of them crumped out of existence.

Derivatives

ˈcrumping n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > sudden or violent sound > explosive sound > [noun] > of guns or shells
flash in the pan1566
bark1871
phut1874
prut1898
pip-pop1902
bom1906
crump1914
crumping1919
poop1919
cough1928
society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > action of propelling missile > discharge of firearms > management of artillery > [noun] > discharge of artillery > of specific type of missile
stone-shot1692
crumping1919
1919 W. Deeping Second Youth xxiii. 196 The crumping ceased, and they moved on.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online September 2019).
<
n.2a1500n.31699n.41850adj.1n.1a800adj.21786v.1c1325v.21647
随便看

 

英语词典包含1132095条英英释义在线翻译词条,基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法,是英语学习的有利工具。

 

Copyright © 2004-2022 Newdu.com All Rights Reserved
更新时间:2025/1/3 20:34:22