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单词 acquit
释义

† acquitn.

Forms: late Middle English aquite, late Middle English–1500s acquite, 1500s–1700s acquit.
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion; modelled on a French lexical item. Etymon: acquit v.
Etymology: < acquit v., after Anglo-Norman and Middle French aquit, Middle French acquit (12th cent. as acuit in Old French, earliest in sense ‘payment’; French acquit ). Compare post-classical Latin acquitum tenure not liable to certain taxes (12th cent.), sort of toll (14th cent.), Occitan †aquit (1509). Compare acquittal n., acquitting n., and earlier acquittance n.
Obsolete.
= acquittance n. (in various senses).In quot. 1779 perhaps a use of French acquit ‘receipt’.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > carrying out > [noun] > of a command, duty, or plan
fulfilling1340
fulling1383
fullingc1400
acquittal1430
discharge1434
acquitc1460
performation1504
performance1530
performancy1608
acquittance1660
the world > action or operation > safety > [noun] > safety or security > guaranteed security > guarantee of safety
safeguarda1413
safe conduct?a1439
acquitc1460
soverance1488
security1623
the mind > language > speech > agreement > security > [noun] > guaranteeing or pledging
again-behotinga1382
warrantisec1440
warrantisingc1450
acquitc1460
pledging1538
guaranty1592
oppignoration1592
hedginga1631
stipulation1648
warrantship1702
hedge1736
guarantee1786
society > travel > aspects of travel > authorization to travel to, from, or in a country > [noun] > safe-conduct > document
safe conduct?1404
acquitc1460
conduct1530
sureguard1604
safeguard1633
protection1659
salvoconducto1955
c1460 in A. Clark Eng. Reg. Oseney Abbey (1907) 95 My heyres all þe fornamyd thynges..to þe saide chanons agaynste all pepull shalle warantize and aquite, and that this my ȝifte graunte and warantizyng and aquite be sure and stabull for Euer.
1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 43 Madame I haue seruid yow as well as to me is possible..for thacquite of cheualerye.
a1521 Helyas in W. J. Thoms Early Eng. Prose Romances (1858) III. 135 The sayd abbot..demaunded of him familiarly the sauf conduyt and acquite for the countreys and landes of beyonde the sea.
1569 in Minutes Proc. Royal Artillery Instit. (1861) 2 353/2 Paid by warrant of the said lord lieutenant,..annexed to the..book together with his acquit.
1592 H. O. tr. V. Figueiro Spaniards Monarchie sig. C iiii To the end to cloke her theft..she elected for her king by forme of acquit Charles Cardinall of Bourbon.
1638 in R. R. Tighe & J. E. Davis Ann. Windsor (1858) II. 139 Pd to Mr. Henry Harris for the feefarme rente..for one yeare..as his acquit sheweth.
1738 W. Warburton Divine Legation Moses I. ii. vi. 281 Faintly, and only by Way of acquit.
1779 J. Adams Diary 25 Apr. in Wks. (1865) III. 197 A boat came on board to-day with a custom-house officer, to examine and give an acquit.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

acquitadj.

Brit. /əˈkwɪt/, U.S. /əˈkwɪt/
Forms: Middle English aquit, Middle English aqwytt, 1500s acquytte, 1500s– acquit; Scottish pre-1700 acquate, pre-1700 acquit, pre-1700 acquyte.
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymons: English acquit , acquit v.
Etymology: < acquit, strong past participle variant of acquit v. (see forms at that entry). Compare quit adj. Compare also later acquitted adj.
Now rare and archaic.
That has been acquitted; cleared of or free from (blame, liability, harm, etc.).
ΚΠ
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iii. l. 2458 (MED) As he [sc. Alexander] hath the world mistimed, Noght as he scholde, with his wit, Noght as he wolde it was aquit.
?1460–4 R. Williamson in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 18 I have do my dylygens..for þe qwyche I am ryght ille aqwytt.
1497 in E. Beveridge Burgh Rec. Dunfermline (1917) 76 It was fund be ane assis that Jhone Cragy was acquit of all clamis.
1551 R. Robinson in tr. T. More Vtopia Epist. sig. ✠v I..am herin clerely acquytte, and discharged of all blame.
1576 G. Gascoigne Complaynt of Phylomene in Steele Glas sig. L.iijv And by the lawde of his pretence His lewdnesse was acquit.
1624 State Papers Earl of Melrose (1837) II. 556 Thay haif abiddin thair tryall, and bene acquate of all crymes.
1674 Govt. Tongue §6, 137 We may then..see him we censur'd acquit, and our selves doom'd.
1716 M. Hale Pleas Crown 190 The Plaintiff brought an Appeal..against another, who was acquit.
1784 J. Reeves Hist. Eng. Law II. ii. xi. 159 He might be acquit of the aforesaid 10l.
1843 G. Brewer Martelli ii. iv. 40 By this prompt agency I stand acquit Of all the danger.
1875 R. D. Blackmore Alice Lorraine I. xi. 88 Hilary Lorraine was quite acquit of Oxford leading-strings.
1914 Southwestern Reporter 164 522/1 They stand acquit of personal liability for the amount of a claim erroneously allowed against the county and paid.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

acquitv.

Brit. /əˈkwɪt/, U.S. /əˈkwɪt/
Forms: early Middle English acwite, early Middle English acwiti (south-west midlands), early Middle English aquiti (south-western), Middle English acquyt, Middle English aquite, Middle English aquitti (south-eastern), Middle English aquytte, Middle English aquytti (south-eastern), Middle English aquytye (south-western), Middle English aqwhyte, Middle English aqwite, Middle English aqwyte, Middle English–1500s acquyte, Middle English–1500s aquyte, Middle English–1600s acquite, 1500s accquit, 1500s accquite, 1500s–1600s acquitt, 1500s– acquit, 1600s acquight; Scottish pre-1700 acquhit, pre-1700 acquite, pre-1700 acquyit, pre-1700 acquyt, pre-1700 acquyte, pre-1700 acqwite, pre-1700 acqwyte, pre-1700 acqyte, pre-1700 aquit, pre-1700 aquite, pre-1700 aquyt, pre-1700 aquyte, pre-1700 1700s– acquit, 1700s acqwit. Also past tense: Middle English acquite, Middle English aquite, Middle English aquytte, Middle English aqwyth; Scottish pre-1700 acquate, pre-1700 acquyt, pre-1700 acqwyt. Also past participle: Middle English acquite, Middle English acquitte, Middle English acqwit, Middle English aquit, Middle English aquite, Middle English aquitte, Middle English aquytte, Middle English aqwyt, Middle English–1600s acquit, late Middle English acquyt (in a late copy), 1500s acquitt, 1500s aquyt; Scottish pre-1700 acquate, pre-1700 acquite, pre-1700 acquitt, pre-1700 acquyt.
Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French aquiter, acquitier.
Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French aquiter, aquitter, acquiter, Anglo-Norman and Middle French acquitter, Old French acuiter, Old French (Flanders), Middle French aquitter, also (by analogy with verbs in -ier ) Anglo-Norman acquitier, Anglo-Norman and Old French aquitier, Middle French aquittier (French acquitter ) to liberate (a country), to redeem (one's life) (both c1100), to redeem (a pledge) (second half of the 12th cent.), to make good (a promise, oath, obligation, etc.) (second half of the 12th cent.; 1209 used reflexively, with the beneficiary as indirect object, in aquiter a quelqu'un ), to prove oneself worthy (second half of the 12th cent., used reflexively), to pay back (a debt) (a1174; a1225 used reflexively in aquiter de , and now only in this construction), to release (a person) from a specified debt (beginning of the 13th cent.), to declare (a person) not guilty of (a charge) (a1210 or earlier; frequent in legal use), to pardon, absolve (a sinner) (13th cent.), to reimburse (a person) (1268 or earlier), to release (a person) from (an obligation) (end of the 13th cent.), in Anglo-Norman also to exonerate (a person) (c1170, used reflexively), to free, release (a person) (c1225 or earlier), to discharge, carry out (a task) (c1230 or earlier), to pay (a person) in kind (end of the 13th cent. or earlier) < a- a- prefix5 + quite , quitte quit adj. Compare post-classical Latin acquitare to warrant (11th cent.), to discharge of an obligation, to reimburse (12th cent.), to pay a debt (13th cent.; 15th cent. in a British source), to acquit (an accused person) of a charge (13th cent. in a British source), (reflexive) to clear oneself of a charge (frequently from 12th cent. in British sources). Compare Old Occitan aquitiar . Compare quit v. and later acquiet v.On the variation in stem vowel quantity, and also on the past tense and past participle forms, compare the discussion at quit v., and compare also requit v.1, requite v.
†1.
a. transitive. To pay the debt of and free (a debtor who has been held in prison); to ransom (a person); (also occasionally) to redeem (a thing). Frequently with out in early use. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > ransom > [verb (transitive)]
acquit?c1225
raim?c1225
to buy out1297
borrowa1300
ransoma1382
to put (a person) to (his or her) finance1418
raquite1454
loose1473
redeem?a1475
overbuya1525
redempa1525
remerce1559
reescate1645
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 288 Ne telleð me him god fere. þe leið his wed ingyrie to acwiten ut his fere.
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 288 God almichtin..dude his deorewurðe bodi to acwiten [c1230 Corpus acwitin] ut his leofmon ingywene honden.
c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) 3453 (MED) He schal be kept..For to a-quytye on of ous, If he wer take there.
c1436 Domesday Ipswich (BL Add. 25011) in T. Twiss Black Bk. Admiralty (1873) II. 109 (MED) To come a fore the forseyd ballives..for to acquyten out hese distresses, and for to make gre of that which is behynden.
1465 Gregory's Will in J. Gairdner Hist. Coll. Citizen London (1876) p. xliii (MED) I biqueth, to acquite prisoners out of Ludgate and Newgate moost needefull, x li.
1561 T. Norton tr. J. Calvin Inst. Christian Relig. iv. xx. f. 163 They shuld render right to ye poore & nedy, acquite the poore & nedy, deliuer ye poore & nedy from the hande of the oppressor.
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. vii. sig. G5v For till I haue acquitt your captiue knight, Assure your selfe, I will you not forsake.
b. transitive. To remit the debt of and set free (a debtor in one's custody); (also more generally) to forgive the debt of; to release from a (specified) debt. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > lack of subjection > freedom or liberty > liberation > set free [verb (transitive)] > free from debt
acquitc1405
c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Friar's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 299 Pay anon..Twelf pens to me and I wol thee acquyte.
a1450 (?a1300) Richard Coer de Lyon (Caius) (1810) l. 6321 Sere, thou schalt aquyte [1448 Arms quyt] me here, And al our other hostagere.
1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xix. 237 He send and acquyt hym all planly, And gaf the trewis wp oppinly.
1512 Act 4 Henry VIII c. 18 §15 in Statutes of Realm (1817) III. 71 Persones so indetted..to be utterly acquyted & discharged therof.
1579 G. Fenton tr. F. Guicciardini Hist. Guicciardin ii. 122 The Duke should..acquite the king of lxxx. thowsand duckats percell of the money he had lent his Maiestie.
1630 W. Prynne God no Impostor (rev. ed.) 32 A man who hath two just, two deepe ingaged Debtors, doth freely acquite the one.
1681 T. Delaune & B. Keach Τροπολογία ii. 93 It would be thought very reasonable, (especially if he hath wronged or abused the good Name of his Creditor) that before he be acquitted, he should..confess his Fault, and beg Forgiveness.
1700 P. Danet Compl. Dict. Greek & Rom. Antiq. at Acceptilatio Do you acknowledg that you have received that which I promis'd you? Are you satisfied, do you acquit me of it?
1761 D. Hume Hist. Eng. to Henry VII I. 205 You are no longer a prisoner; I acquit you of your ransom.
c. transitive. To forgive or remit (a debt); to surrender or give up (a claim, right, etc.). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > legal right > withdrawal or loss of legal rights > take away a right [verb (transitive)] > renounce or surrender rights or claims
remisea1325
surrender1473
acquit1481
waivea1631
remiss1701
1481 W. Caxton tr. Siege & Conqueste Jerusalem (1893) cxvi. 174 Therle of tholouse, whiche, in a reuerrye wheryn he was, sayde that he wold not acquyte his part, ne gyue it ouer to noman lyuyng.
a1500 Ratis Raving (Cambr. Kk.1.5) l. 343 in R. Girvan Ratis Raving & Other Early Scots Poems (1939) 10 A-quit thi part and ga thar-fra.
1551 in W. Fraser Chiefs of Grant (1883) III. 104 The said James acquhittand and dischargeand the said Finlais ward and releif [of] the foirnamit landis.
1647 N. Bacon Hist. Disc. Govt. xix. 56 The Lord might acquit his own title of bondage, but no man could be made free without the act of the whole body.
1658 W. Sanderson Compl. Hist. Life King Charles 304 For their assistance..he would acquit his claim of ship-moneys.
2.
a. transitive. To pay off (a claim, debt, or liability); to redeem (a pledge); to make good (an obligation). Also in extended use: to compensate for. to acquit a person (his or her meed): to give a person (his or her due). Cf. quit v. 1b.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > payment > payment of debt > pay debt [verb (transitive)]
quit?c1225
acquita1250
to pay up1434
satisfy1437
discharge1439
defease1480
persolve1548
solve1558
defray1576
affray1584
clear1600
to pay off1607
extinguish1630
to lay downa1640
wipe1668
settle1688
sink1694
retrieve1711
to clear up1726
balance1740
liquidate1755
to clear off1766
square1821
amortize1830
a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Nero) (1952) 55 Þet is ure raunsun þet we schulen..acwiten [?c1225 Cleo. quiten] ure dettes tou-ward ure louerd.
c1300 St. Mary of Egypt (Laud) l. 39 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 262 (MED) Hastþou ȝwarof to a-quiti þi schip-huyre?
a1325 Statutes of Realm (2011) xiv. 71 Ant gode leue habbe he, biþinne þe quartron of þe ȝere, to sullen his londes for te aquiten his dette.
c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. xvi. l. 12 (MED) Bote yf he quike by-quethe hem auht oþer wolde helpe aquite [c1400 Trin. Cambr. quyte] here dettes.
?a1475 Ludus Coventriae (1922) 49 (MED) God wyll aqwhyte þe well þi mede.
1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 116 It behoueth that I acquite myn avowe.
a1500 Walter of Henley's Husbandry (Sloane) (1890) 51 (MED) The strawe & þe chaffe shall aquite þe threshyng.
1598 B. Yong tr. J. de Montemayor Diana 51 The debt..which..we are neuer able to acquite.
1631 F. Quarles Hist. Samson 44 The sweetnesse of the season does invite Your steps to visit Timnah, and acquite Your last nights promise.
1698 tr. J. Bernard Acts & Negotiations of Peace of Ryswick 219 Being willing to..acquit the promises which our Ambassadors have made for us, we have approved, confirmed and ratified..the said Treaty.
1726 E. Fenton in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey V. xx. 362 This gift acquits the dear respect I owe.
1770 ‘Junius’ Stat Nominis Umbra (1772) II. xl. 108 An obligation he was..unable to acquit.
1832 J.-C.-L. S. de Sismondi Hist. Ital. Republics viii. 173 It was not till the month of April, 1370..that they could acquit the enormous sum of 300,000 florins.
1868 J. Doran Saints & Sinners II. 279 He came to England and borrowed money from Elizabeth, under a pledge which he redeemed, without acquitting the debt.
1995 K. Dijkstra Life & Loyalty Introd., 29 Either the debt is not fully acquitted, or the acquittal of the debt is so lavish that it creates a new debt on the part of the original benefactor.
b. transitive. To perform (a duty for which one has personal responsibility); to fulfil (an office or its functions); to carry out or successfully discharge (a role, task, or commission).
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > carrying out > execute, perform, or carry out [verb (transitive)] > an office or function
takec1350
execute1387
servea1450
acquitc1460
supply?a1475
discharge1542
undergo1609
fungify1650
sustain1700
society > morality > duty or obligation > recognition of duty > discharge (an obligation) [verb (transitive)]
pay?c1225
ministera1382
acquitc1460
discharge1542
assoil1596
c1460 in A. Clark Eng. Reg. Oseney Abbey (1907) 123 The seruice..that þe saide chanons schall aquite towarde the Chefe lordes.
a1533 Ld. Berners tr. Arthur of Brytayn (?1560) l. sig. Kiiiiv The whiche knyghte..hath aquyted the porte noyre, and acheued all alone the aduentures of that place.
1638 R. Younge Drunkard's Char. 648 A Judge to acquit his office, must be free from passion and affection, touching either party.
a1670 J. Hacket Scrinia Reserata (1693) ii. 42 Like Samuel, when he had acquitted his Government, he liv'd in Estimation like the chief of the Prophets.
1742 H. Fielding Joseph Andrews I. viii. 219 I have acquitted my Duty, and shall have nothing to answer for on that account. View more context for this quotation
1790 Town & Country Mag. Sept. 390 We have..acquitted our duty as honest men.
1889 Chicago Med. Times Sept. 389 The agent of the company was a gentleman and acquitted his position with credit to himself and his employer.
1906 J. N. Boucher & J. W. Jordan Hist. Westmoreland County Pa. II. 73 During his term in the legislature he acquitted his duties with efficiency and credit.
2000 Mission Accomplished: East Timor 11 Having acquitted his duty of care to Australian nationals wanting evacuation..James Batley and his consular staff flew out.
†c. transitive. To pay or atone for (an offence, misdeed, etc.). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > morality > virtue > righteousness or rectitude > reform, amendment, or correction > atonement > atone for [verb (transitive)]
beetc897
i-bye10..
abyelOE
answer?a1300
buya1300
amendc1300
mendc1330
forbuy1340
redressa1387
answera1400
byea1400
filla1400
peasea1400
ransoma1400
to pay for——c1400
recompense?a1439
abidea1450
satisfyc1460
redeema1464
repaira1513
syth1513
reconcile1535
acquit1567
dispense1590
assoil1596
propitiate1610
expiatea1626
atone1661
retrievea1679
1567 W. Painter Palace of Pleasure II. xxviii. f. 305v The Lorde Vladislao..would obtaine the thing, and acquite the faulte, which his companion had committed.
1594 W. Shakespeare Lucrece sig. H2v Till life to death acquit my forst offence. View more context for this quotation
1598 B. Yong tr. J. de Montemayor Diana 25 What haue I done, that I haue not acquitted, Or what excesse, that is not amply paied?
1599 T. Heywood 1st Pt. King Edward IV sig. C Untill at Tyborne you acquite the fault.
1643 E. Calver Divine Passions 66 Thy recantation shall acquit thy crime.
†3. transitive. To dispossess (a person) of something due or belonging to him or her; to deprive of. Obsolete.Perhaps with ironic play on sense 1.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > loss > taking away > take away [verb (transitive)] > deprive (of)
benimc890
to do of ——eOE
bedealc1000
disturbc1230
bereavec1275
reave?a1300
acquitc1300
benemec1300
deprivec1330
privea1382
subvertc1384
oppressc1395
abridgea1400
to bate of, from1399
lessa1400
nakena1400
dischargea1425
privatec1425
to bring outa1450
abatec1450
sever?1507
spulyie?1507
denude1513
disable1529
distrain1530
destituec1540
destitutec1540
defalk1541
to turn out of ——1545
discomfit1548
wipe1549
nude1551
disannul?a1556
bereft1557
diminish1559
benoom1563
joint1573
uncase1583
rid1585
disarm1590
visitc1592
ease1600
dispatch1604
unfurnisha1616
rig1629
retrench1640
unbecomea1641
disentail1641
cashier1690
twin1722
mulct1748
fordo1764
to do out of ——1796
to cut out1815
bate1823
deprivate1832
devoid1878
c1300 (c1250) Floris & Blauncheflur (Cambr.) (1966) l. 208 Þat he nere of his lif aquite.
c1400 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Laud) (1952) l. 3865 (MED) Jch am of Perce deshereted [a1425 Linc. Inn deschargid], Of Mede and Assire acquyted.
†4.
a. transitive. To pay back (a person in respect of an obligation due to or benefit or injury received from him or her); to pay in kind, requite. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > treat one as he has been treated [verb (transitive)] > requite or pay back (a person)
foryield971
to quit or yield (one) his whilec1175
acquitc1300
quitc1330
restore?a1400
refound1438
requite1530
regrate?c1550
repay1557
redub1558
quittance1590
to meet witha1593
to pay (a person) (off) scot and lot1598
meeta1625
retaliate1629
reimburse1644
compensate1804
to even up on1879
the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > reward or a reward > reward or recompense [verb (transitive)]
foryield971
yield971
crownc1175
shipec1275
payc1330
to do meeda1350
rewardc1350
guerdonc1374
reguerdona1393
to do (one) whyc1400
quitc1400
recompense1422
salary1477
merit1484
requite1530
requit1532
reacquite1534
to pay home1542
remunerate1542
regratify1545
renumerate?1549
gratify?c1550
acquit1573
consider1585
regratiate1590
guerdonize1594
munerate1595
regratulate1626
reprise1677
sugar-plum1788
ameed1807
recompensate1841
c1300 St. Bridget (Laud) l. 19 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 192 (MED) He nadde ȝwarof acountes ȝelde..heo nuste ȝware-with hire a-quite.
c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 3084 Þan schalt þov him acquyte wel of al ys shrewidnesse.
a1425 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (Corpus Cambr. 61) (1894) ii. l. 1200 Aquite hym wel for goddes loue.
?a1475 Ludus Coventriae (1922) 151 (MED) My sone xal a-qwyte ȝow in hefne se.
c1525 J. Skelton Poems 180 Scrybbyl thou, scrybyll thou, rayle or wryght, Wright what thou wylte, I xall the aquyte.
1573 T. Tusser Fiue Hundreth Points Good Husbandry (new ed.) f. 5v So many as loue me, & vse me aright, with treasure & pleasure, I richly acquite.
1600 W. Shakespeare Henry V ii. ii. 141 Their faults are open, arrest them to the answer of the lawe, And God acquit them of their practises.
1622 State Papers Earl of Melrose (1837) II. 471 If I suld stryve..to acqyte thame..by wordis only.
b. transitive. To pay back (a debt arising from something done to or for one); to repay or requite (a benefit or injury). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > giving > giving back or restitution > give back [verb (transitive)]
yieldc897
agiveOE
again-setOE
restorec1325
acquitc1330
to pay outa1382
refundc1386
to give againa1400
quita1400
restituec1400
reliver1426
surrend1450
redeliver1490
refer1496
render1513
rebail1539
re-present1564
regive1575
to give backa1586
to turn back1587
relate1590
turn1597
returna1632
to hand back1638
redonate1656
reappropriate1659
re-cede1684
revert1688
replace1776
restitute1885
to kick back1926
the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > treat one as he has been treated [verb (transitive)] > requite or pay back (a person) > an action
yieldOE
acquitc1330
requitec1440
recompensea1450
paya1500
quitc1515
requit1532
reacquite1534
repay1557
quittance1590
retribute1612
c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) 926 (MED) Here is þine hors, y ȝiue it te; When ichaue nede, aquite it me!
c1330 Seven Sages (Auch.) (1933) l. 198 Ȝour trauail and ȝoure despens He wil aquite for ech a ȝer.
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) viii. l. 2299 (MED) This wold I for my laste word beseche, That thou mi love aquite as I deserve.
a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Merlin (1932) III. l. 23939 (MED) Hym forto aqwyten his spytful dynt.
a1500 (?a1400) Morte Arthur (1903) l. 1550 Welle Acquyteste thou it me That I haue worshipped any knyght.
1529 T. Wolsey in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1824) 1st Ser. II. 9 And as my poore shal increase, so shal I not fayle to acquyte your kyndnes.
1534 Prymer in Eng. sig. D.vjv Make vs that we acquit not euyl for euil.
1608 in J. R. N. Macphail Highland Papers (1920) III. 110 Having na uthir thing ȝit to acquyt ȝour hienes favouris.
1634 T. Jackson Knowledg of Christ Jesus 174 Some reward sufficient to acquit or countervaile his paines.
1695 A. Boyer Char. Virtues & Vices 18 In the matter of Benefits Pride is unwilling to own the Obligation, and Self-Love to acquit it.
1727 J. Gay Fables I. xv. 52 When services are thus acquitted, Be sure we pheasants must be spitted.
5. transitive. Chiefly with of or from.
a. To relieve (a person) of an obligation; to release from a duty, prior undertaking, etc. Now rare and archaic.
ΘΚΠ
society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > immunity or exemption from liability > be exempt from (a liability or obligation) [verb (transitive)] > free from obligation
freeeOE
unbind1297
quitclaima1325
acquit1340
excuse1340
loose1340
releasec1350
assoil1366
soilc1384
dischargea1387
quita1387
relieve1416
absoil1440
deliver1440
acquittance1448
quiet1450
acquiet1453
absolve?a1475
defease1475
skill1481
relax1511
redeema1513
exoner1533
exonerate1548
solvec1550
distask1592
disgage1594
upsolve1601
disoblige1603
disengage1611
to get off1623
exclude1632
supersedea1644
to let off1814
to let out1869
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 36 (MED) Hy betakeþ hyre londes..ine wed, and dead wed þet naȝt him ne aquytteþ.
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) i. l. 1594 (MED) If eny other thing..Fro deth thi body mai respite, I woll thee of thi trowthe acquite.
1463 in S. Tymms Wills & Inventories Bury St. Edmunds (1850) 21 To a qwyte the said Seynt Marie preest of the taske Abbott's cope, and alle maner charges.
a1475 in A. Clark Eng. Reg. Godstow Nunnery (1905) i. 141 (MED) Acquitid of all seruices & seculer demaundis.
1528–30 tr. T. Littleton Tenures (new ed.) f. xv They were aquyted agaynste theyr lorde of all maner of seruyces.
1562 T. Sternhold et al. Whole Bk. Psalmes lxix. 96 Because of theyr great tyranny, acquite me from my foes.
1627 Bp. J. Hall David's Psalms vii From bloudy spight Of all my raging enemies Oh! let thy mercy me acquite.
1654 Bp. J. Taylor Real Presence 27 To acquit us from our search after this question in Scripture.
1720 J. Mottley Imperial Captives ii. 19 Here, Honoric, I acquit thee from each Tye, Each prior Obligation of my own.
1808 R. Southey tr. Chron. Cid iii. xv. 92 The King of Toledo consented to release him, and besought him to do him no other wrong, and he acquitted him from the promise three times.
1889 W. Passmore Rascalities High Rail Road Officials 38 I feel myself..acquitted from all obligations, to treat him, henceforth, like a gentleman.
1961 A. W. B. Simpson Introd. Hist. Land Law iii. 61 The donor might undertake to acquit the donee of liability for feudal services.
2004 S. M. M. Damad in J. Basedow & N. Yassari Iranian Family & Succession Laws ii. 63 The non-mentioning of the dower, or even the explicit exclusion of the dower in the marriage contract, does not acquit the man from fulfilling his duty in this respect.
b. Law. To free (land, services, etc., granted to a person or institution) of prior claims or obligations. Chiefly in to warrant, acquit, and defend at warrant v. Additions. historical (translating charters) in later use.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > agreement > security > pledge or deposit as security [verb (transitive)] > be or give surety for > the security of something to a person
acquit1396
to warrant, acquit, and defend1396
warrant1406
1396 in W. Fraser Memorials Family Wemyss (1888) II. 24 The forsaids tha landys..agane al dedelyke sal warand, aquyte, and defend.
a1475 in A. Clark Eng. Reg. Godstow Nunnery (1905) i. 171 (MED) Hys heyrys sholde acquite all the foreseyde tenement towarde the foreseyde Raf..of all seruices and customys.
a1475 in A. Clark Eng. Reg. Godstow Nunnery (1905) i. 202 (MED) Roger..gaf..þe howse of his fadur william foliot..to þe abbas..acquitid..fro all seruice outewarde & inwarde for euir.
1779 L. Charlton tr. Charter in Hist. Whitby ii. 229 I..will warrant, acquit and defend, against all men and women, for ever, the..mill..to the said Corrector.
1901 W. Farrer Some Court Rolls of Thomas Earl of Lancaster Introd. p. xii [He] acknowledged two oxgangs of land to be the right of Richard, and that he would warrant, acquit and defend those oxgangs against Edmund de Lacy.
c. reflexive. To discharge oneself (of an obligation, etc.); to settle a debt by repayment.
ΚΠ
c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Man of Law's Tale (Ellesmere) (1871) Prol. l. 37 Acquiteth yow now of youre biheeste Thanne haue ye do youre deuoir atte leeste.
1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 156 The daye of thy promesse is passed, thou acquitest the not.
1489 W. Caxton tr. C. de Pisan Bk. Fayttes of Armes iii. xxiii. 222 He is lyke his seruant and in hys mercy, unto tyme that he haue acquytted hym self of hys raunson.
1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. f. CCxx/2 The yong erle retourned agayne in to Englande, to acquyte him of his promyse.
1634 W. Tirwhyt tr. J. L. G. de Balzac Lett. iv. xx. 373 By acquitting themselues of what they owe you, they might easily spare what they haue promised me.
1686 T. Otway tr. S. de Broë Hist. Triumvirates II. xxiii. 357 I think my self discharged of my Oath, and therefore may acquit my self of what I owe to the memory of Caesar.
1722 W. Strahan tr. J. Domat Civil Law I. iv. i. 500/2 We may give the name of Payment in general to all the manners in which Debtors acquit themselves of their Obligations.
1778 R. Valltravers Let. 23 Dec. in B. Franklin Papers (1990) XXVIII. 270 All of which I am determined to dispose of, for the Summ of 4. to 5000th HQ. inorder to acquit myself of my Engagements.
1814 J. N. Bouilly Instructive Narr. Real Life (ed. 2) 10 We lose no time in acquitting ourselves of the sum of money that you have condescended to lend us.
a1847 T. Chalmers Sel. Wks. (1854) II. xiii. 459 [Love] alone is what we should still continue to owe, after having so acquitted ourselves of all other obligations, as to owe nothing else.
1927 H. T. Lowe-Porter tr. T. Mann Magic Mountain (London ed.) I. iv. 168 Before second breakfast they went down to the management in order that Hans Castorp might acquit himself of his debt.
1999 A. Abdel Haleem tr. M. A. Draz Introd. Qur'an i. i. 5 In order to acquit himself of the debt of gratitude he owed his uncle..he took it upon himself to aid him in the education of his youngest son.
d. reflexive. To discharge oneself of a duty, responsibility, or office; to perform a task, accomplish a commission, etc.
ΚΠ
1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. vi. f. cxx/2 Than sir Iohn Dambreticourt..shewed them howe he was come thyder to acquite hymself of his chalenge.
1596 T. Danett tr. P. de Commynes Hist. ii. ix. 67 But he to whom the charge was committed acquit himselfe not faithfully thereof.
1641 Acts Parl. Scotl. (1870) V. 517/2 [The earl] hath worthilie acquate [v.r. acquite] himselfe of the great place and trust was putt vpon him.
1689 ‘Junius Brutus’ Def. Liberty against Tyrants 137 They have sufficiently acquit themselves of their Duty.
1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. x. 203 They acquitted themselves of their important charge with vigilance and success.
1790 W. Paley Horæ Paulinæ in Wks. (1825) III. 174 He acquitted himself of this commission at the peril of his life.
1811 J. Scott tr. Arabian Nights Entertainm. III. 408 The first year of his reign king Beder acquitted himself of all his royal functions with great assiduity.
1884 Cent. Mag. Feb. 622/2 He presided over the court martial..and acquitted himself of that delicate task with the utmost dignity and ability.
1914 Times 19 Sept. 10/2 The magnitude of the issue, and the supreme necessity that lies upon us as a nation,..to rise to its height and acquit ourselves of our duty.
2005 H. Crombag & W. A. Wagenaar Pop. Policeman xiii. 211 People are held particularly responsible [in law] for acquitting themselves of their specific duties.
†e. reflexive. To rid oneself of something, free oneself. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > rescue or deliverance > rescue or deliver [verb (reflexive)]
ridc1225
save?c1225
deliverc1405
rescousa1450
acquit1595
the world > space > place > removal or displacement > remove or displace [verb (reflexive)] > get rid of
spoila1395
quita1400
rid1530
acquit1595
1595 T. Bedingfield tr. N. Machiavelli Florentine Hist. ii. 54 Matteo di Moroso, either to gratifie him, or acquite himselfe of danger, reuealed a conspiracie practised by the house of Medici.
1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique vii. xxv. 848 The Hart..when he seeth himselfe neere pursued by the dogs, indeuoureth and bestirreth himselfe how to acquite and rid himselfe of them.
1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 897 Gods unable To acquit themselves and prosecute their foes But by ungodly deeds. View more context for this quotation
1705 F. Fuller Medicina Gymnastica 6 Observe how Nature acquits her self of what we commonly call a Cold.
1753 S. Richardson Hist. Sir Charles Grandison III. xxiii. 211 What shall I do to acquit myself of the addresses of this Count of Belvedere?
1796 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Oct. 305/1 Mr. Marwood..set on foot every species of enquiry which..might enable him to acquit himself of all future concern.
6.
a. transitive (reflexive). Originally: to meet standards of good conduct (as befitting a person of a specified kind); to act well (in a specified field or circumstance); to prove oneself worthy. Also (later chiefly): to conduct oneself (in a specified manner); esp. to behave or perform (well).
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > behaviour > behave or conduct oneself [verb (reflexive)] > do one's part in specific way
acquita1393
quitc1395
quiet1450
the world > action or operation > ability > be capable of [verb (transitive)] > prove equal to
acquita1393
rise1809
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iv. l. 967 (MED) Wel me qwemeth, That thou thiself hast thus aquit Toward this vice, in which no wit Abide mai.
c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Clerk's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 936 Ther kan no man in humblesse hym acquite As wommen kan.
a1450 (c1435) J. Lydgate Life SS. Edmund & Fremund (Harl.) l. 522 in C. Horstmann Altengl. Legenden (1881) 2nd Ser. 423 (MED) He seide he wolde aquyte him lik a knyht.
a1500 (?c1450) Merlin ii. 39 (MED) Ye were foles in youre art, that wolde not a-quite yow as trewe men.
1529 King Henry VIII in Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Reformation (1730) I. Records xxvii. 60 Knowing right well that ye..will now so acquit your self, as shall correspond to the perfect expectation, and firm opinion that we have of you.
?1571 tr. G. Buchanan Detectioun Marie Quene of Scottes sig. Ijv Now you luke to heare how this magnificall boaster of valiantnesse did acquit hymselfe.
1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III v. viii. 3 Couragious Richmond, wel hast thou acquit thee. View more context for this quotation
1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. xvii. 675/2 For all being English, acquit themselues English-like, no taking of prisoners, nor looking for ransome.
1686 J. Scott Christian Life: Pt. II II. vii. 1049 That none should be..Ordained an Elder, till after he had well acquitted himself in the Deaconship.
1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 275. ¶10 He..had acquitted himself tolerably at a Ball or an Assembly.
1792 Lady Templetown Let. 11 June in A. E. Newdigate-Newdegate Cheverels (1898) vii. 103 Mr Romney..has acquitted himself well in respect to Lady Newdigate.
1863 W. M. Thackeray Pendennis xlvii. 412 Lady Mirabel..in a common note of invitation or acceptance acquitted herself very genteelly.
1878 R. Simpson School of Shakspere I. 94 He was present and acquitted himself like a man.
1896 Argosy Apr. 399 Mr. Vincent had left Brae Farm that afternoon, feeling as though he had acquitted himself badly.
1930 A. Pound Johnson of Mohawks xxxix. 434 Johnny acquitted himself well in the raid.
2007 D. B. Coe Weavers of War (2008) v. 79 He said at the time that he had acquitted himself poorly, that he had embarrassed himself in front of Javan.
2010 Berwick Advertiser (Nexis) 14 Apr. Berwick [cricket club] acquitted themselves reasonably well last year, in what was their first season at this level.
†b. transitive (reflexive). With complement. To prove to be; to fulfil the role of. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > manifestation > [verb (reflexive)] > by action or behaviour
showc1175
acquit1642
evincec1804
1642 T. Fuller Holy State ii. xvi. 110 Hard rugged and dull natures of youth acquit themselves afterwards the jewells of the countrey.
1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. ix. 174 The Queen..acquitted Her self more then Woman in Her masculine resolutions.
1731 T. Gordon tr. Tacitus Wks. II. iii. 165 Arrius Varus forward to acquit himself a noble champion, rushed out with a party of the most resolute horse [L. aviditate navandae operae Arrius Varus cum promptissimis equitum prorupit].
1776 T. Hunter Refl. Lett. Earl of Chesterfield viii. 217 Virtue..amidst opposing enemies and contending passions acquits itself a conqueror.
c1808 Quebec Mercury in H. J. Morgan Sketches Celebrated Canadians (1857) 136 He acquitted himself an able judge, distinguished by the most eminent rectitude and unwearied assiduity.
1864 J. Brown Let. 15 Apr. in T. A. Blyth John Bunyan App., 50 I pray..that in all things I may..acquit myself a faithful servant of Christ.
7.
a. transitive. To clear of blame or responsibility for, exonerate; spec. to declare not guilty of (also †from) a formal charge or accusation. Also reflexive.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > judging > acquittal or clearing of accusation > acquit or clear of accusation [verb (transitive)]
quitc1300
acquita1393
discharge?a1439
acquittance1448
assoil1528
rid1530
absolve1539
to bring off1609
disimpeach1611
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iii. l. 2578 (MED) How thei wole hemself aquite Of dedly werres that thei make.
c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Parson's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) §105 A man may acquyte hym self biforn god by penitence in this world and nat by tresor.
a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail lii. l. 907 (MED) To Aqwyten kyng Orkaws..Of tresowne that Marahans him Apelyd.
a1500 (?c1450) Merlin v. 87 (MED) Vlfyn is som-what a-quytte of the synne that he hadde in the love makinge.
1529 T. More Dyaloge Dyuers Maters iii. iv. f. lxxiiiv Than may the iudges acquyte & assoyle the defendaunt.
1591 in D. Masson Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1881) 1st Ser. IV. 688 [These assizers] acquate the saidis personis of the said slauchter.
1611 Bible (King James) Job x. 14 Thou wilt not acquite me from mine iniquitie. View more context for this quotation
1699 R. Bentley Diss. Epist. Phalaris (new ed.) 147 Unless we dare ascribe to the Tyrant a Spirit of Vaticination, we cannot acquit the Author of the Letters of so manifest a cheat.
1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 174. ⁋8 My heart, indeed, acquits me of deliberate malignity, or interested insidiousness.
1759 W. Robertson Hist. Scotl. I. iv. 311 The jury under these circumstances could do nothing else but acquit him.
1833 H. Martineau Loom & Lugger ii. v. 108 To acquit him wholly of the charge.
1880 J. McCarthy Hist. our Own Times IV. liii. 149 Three others were acquitted after a long trial.
1885 W. D. Howells Indian Summer (1886) i. 3 He could not wholly acquit himself of a measure of bad faith.
1903 ‘Dilettante’ Seria Ludo 31 Each of them had thrown bricks..and yet he was convicted, and she was acquitted.
1945 Mind 54 41 Whitehead has to be acquitted of this kind of miracle-mongering and superstition.
1997 Independent 21 July i. 2/2 He was..acquitted of conduct unbecoming a man in holy orders, following a four-day consistory court hearing.
2006 Metro (Toronto) 22 Sept. 18/5 One of Turkey's leading authors was acquitted yesterday of ‘insulting Turkishness’ in a novel that touched on the mass killings of Armenians.
b. intransitive. To clear a person of a formal charge or accusation; to exonerate.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > judging > acquittal or clearing of accusation > acquit [verb (intransitive)]
quit1549
acquit?1571
?1571 tr. G. Buchanan Detectioun Marie Quene of Scottes sig. F1 There sate the Iudges, nat chosin to iudge, but piked out to acquite.
1692 W. Sherlock Pract. Disc. Future Judgem. (ed. 2) 100 The Consciences of good Men do not only acquit and absolve, but promise a Reward.
1742 H. Fielding Joseph Andrews I. ii. iii. 146 ‘In his Capacity as a Justice,’ continued he, ‘he behaves so partially, that he commits or acquits just as he is in the humour.’ View more context for this quotation
1793 in G. Lamoine Charges to Grand Jury (1992) 507 Such a defence, if proved, might..induce a Jury to acquit.
1837 E. Hayes Crimes & Punishments ii. xiii. 631 As every count in the indictment contains a distinct charge, there is no doubt that the jury may acquit or convict on any of them.
1855 Househ. Narr. Current Events Apr. 83/1 Mr. Ballantine..asked the jury to acquit on the ground that there was no felonious intent.
1956 Times 22 Nov. 14/6 The Judge..should not leave the issue to the jury but should direct them that they must either convict or acquit of murder.
1992 W. R. Lafave & J. H. Israel Criminal Procedure 960 A jury..has the power to acquit, even when its findings..would have resulted in a conviction.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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n.c1460adj.a1393v.?c1225
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