cloyv.¹

Brit.

/klɔɪ/, U.S.

/klɔɪ/

Etymology: Aphetic form of acloy, accloy v.; but it is possible that sense 1 directly represents Old French cloye-r , modern clou-er to nail. Senses 5 – 8 appear to run together with those of clog v.

†1. transitive. To nail, to fasten with a nail. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > working with tools or equipment > fastening > fasten [verb (transitive)] > with nails

nailOE

clencha1250

clinkc1440

rivetc1450

cloyc1460

clowa1522

to nail up1532

clinch1570

clint1575

inclavate1666

to nail down1669

c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn l. 3464 Hym list to dryv in bet þe nayll, til they wer fully cloyid.

†2. To prick (a horse) with a nail in shoeing; = accloy v. 1a. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > animal disease or disorder > disorders of horses > cause injury or disease of horse [verb (transitive)] > disorders of feet or hooves > caused by shoeing

accloyc1330

encloy1393

clowa1522

cloy1530

prick1591

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 487/2 I cloye a horse, I drive a nayle in to the quycke of his foote. Jencloue... A smyth hath cloyed my horse.

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 341 When a horsse is shouldered..or his hooue cloid with a naile.

1625 F. Bacon Apophthegmes §277. 302 He would haue made the worst Farrier in the world, for he neuer shod horse, but hee cloyed him.

1704 Dict. Rusticum Cloyed, or Accloy'd, is no other, than the pricking of an Horse with a Nail in the Shooing.

†3. To pierce as with a nail, to gore. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > making holes or becoming holed > make (an opening or hole) [verb (transitive)] > make an opening or hole in or into > bore, pierce, or perforate > with something sharp-pointed

shearOE

sting993

stickOE

spita1225

wound?c1225

stitchc1230

pitcha1275

threstc1275

forprick1297

steekc1300

piercec1325

rivec1330

dag?a1400

jag?a1400

lancec1400

pickc1400

tamec1400

forpierce1413

punch1440

launch1460

thringc1485

empiercec1487

to-pierce1488

joba1500

ding1529

stob?1530

probe1542

enthrill1563

inthirlc1580

cloy1590

burt1597

pink1597

lancinate1603

perterebrate1623

puncture1675

spike1687

skiver1832

bepierce1840

gimlet1841

prong1848

javelin1859

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. vi. sig. Hh7 That foe of his [sc. a wild boar], Which with his cruell tuske him deadly cloyd.

†4. To spike (a gun), i.e. to render it useless by driving a spike or plug into the touch-hole. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > putting weapons or equipment out of action > put weapons or equipment out of action [verb (transitive)] > silence a gun > by spiking

clowa1522

peg1551

to nail up1562

cloy1577

nail1598

spick1623

spike1644

wedge1680

spike1687

1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 1807/2 [They] stopped and cloyed the touch holes of three peeces of the artillerie.

1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 801 They should..cloy the great ordidance [sic], that it might not afterwards stand the Turks in stead.

1617 F. Moryson Itinerary ii. ii. ii. 165 Hauing brought with them..spykes, to cloy the Ordinance.

1669 S. Sturmy Mariners Mag. 19 Be sure that none of our Guns be cloy'd.

1711 Mil. & Sea Dict. (ed. 4) at Nail To Nail Cannon, or, as some call it, To Cloy..but this is an antiquated Word.

1768 E. Buys New & Compl. Dict. Terms Art I. at Cloyed a Piece of Ordnance is said to be cloyed, when any Thing is got into the Touch-hole.

†5. To stop up, block, obstruct, choke up (a passage, channel, etc.); to crowd or fill up. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > close or shut [verb (transitive)] > close by obstruction or block up

fordita800

forstop?c1225

estopa1420

accloy1422

ferma1522

clam1527

quar1542

cloy1548

dam1553

occlude1581

clog1586

impeach1586

bung1589

gravel1602

impediment1610

stifle1631

foul1642

obstipate1656

obturate1657

choke1669

blockade1696

to flop up1838

jama1865

to ball up1884

gunge1976

the world > space > place > presence > fact of taking up space > take up (space or a place) [verb (transitive)] > fill > to obstruction

cumberc1394

encumberc1400

cloy1548

pester1548

accumberc1571

clog1586

to take up1587

lumber1642

over-clog1660

crowd1741

jama1865

1548 W. Patten Exped. Scotl. sig. B.vij^v These kepers had rammed vp their outer dores, cloyd & stopt vp their stayres within, [etc.].

1581 R. Mulcaster Positions xxxvii. 166 Those professions and occupations, which be most cloyed vp with number.

1596 W. Lambarde Perambulation of Kent (rev. ed.) 98 The fresh is not able to checke the salt water, that cloyeth the chanell.

1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. xvi. 659/1 The Dukes purpose was to haue cloyed the harbour by sinking shippes laden with stones, and such like choaking materials.

1636 E. M. Bolton tr. Florus Rom. Hist. (new ed.) 308 The Alps themselues heapt high with winter snowes, and so the wayes cloyed uppe.

1636 G. Sandys Paraphr. Div. Poems (1648) Lament. ii. 5 Thy Anger cloyes the Grave.

†6. figurative. To clog, obstruct, or impede (movement, activity, etc.); to weigh down, encumber. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > types or manners of hindrance > hinder in specific manner [verb (transitive)] > encumber

accumberc1275

encumberc1386

accloy1422

overlay1441

cumber1493

poister1523

pester1533

overgrowa1550

clog1564

cloy1564

aggravate1573

trasha1616

hamper1775

mither1847

lumber1861

1564 T. Becon Flower Godly Prayers (1844) 18 That heavy bondage of the flesh, wherewith I am most grievously cloyed.

1567 G. Turberville To Young Gent. taking Wyf in Poems (R.) A bearing wyfe with brats will cloy thee sore.

1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 137 Beyng clogged and fastened to this state of bondage (as it were cloyed in claye).

1665 J. Glanvill Scepsis Scientifica i. 3 The soul being not cloy'd by an unactive mass, as now.

7. To overload with food, so as to cause loathing; to surfeit or satiate (with over-feeding, or with richness, sweetness, or sameness of food).

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > appetite > excessive consumption of food or drink > eat or drink to excess [verb (transitive)] > feed (oneself) to excess

over-quatc1275

glutc1315

fill1340

stuffa1400

aglutc1400

agroten1440

grotenc1440

ingrotenc1440

sorporrc1440

replenisha1450

pegc1450

quatc1450

overgorgea1475

gorge1486

burst1530

cloy1530

saturate1538

enfarce1543

mast?1550

engluta1568

gull1582

ingurgitate1583

stall1583

forage1593

paunch1597

upbray1598

upbraid1599

surfeitc1600

surcharge1603

gormandize1604

overfeed1609

farcinate1634

repletiate1638

stodge1854

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 487/2 I cloye, I charge ones stomacke with to moche meate..You have cloyed hym so moche that he is sicke nowe.

1584 T. Cogan Hauen of Health cliii. 130 The fatte of flesh alone without leane is vnwholesome, & cloyeth the stomack.

1597 W. Shakespeare Richard II i. iii. 259 Who can..cloy the hungry edge of appetite, By bare imagination of a feast?

1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy ii. iii. iii. 399 They being alwayes accustomed to the same dishes..are therefore cloyed.

1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson ii. xii. 266 Though this was a food that we had been long..confined to..we were far from being cloyed with it.

1848 T. De Quincey Life & Adventures Goldsmith in N. Brit. Rev. May 189 To be cloyed perpetually is a worse fate than sometimes to stand within the vestibule of starvation.

a. figurative. To satiate, surfeit, gratify beyond desire; to disgust, weary (with excess of anything).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > feeling of weariness or tedium > be or become wearied or bored with [verb (transitive)] > satiate or surfeit

sadeOE

overcloy1527

satiatea1530

stuff1530

cloy1576

clog1590

surcloy1594

satea1616

clama1670

pall1680

stale1709

1576 G. Gascoigne Complaynt of Phylomene in Steele Glas sig. L^v Both satisfied with deepe delight, And cloyde with al content.

1588 J. Udall State Church of Eng. sig. D4^v Often preachinge cloyeth the people.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) ii. ii. 242.

1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia i. 17 But not to cloy you with particulars..I refer you to the Authors owne writing.

1752 H. Fielding Amelia II. iv. ii. 8 Amelia's Superiority to her whole Sex, who could not cloy a gay young Fellow by many Years Possession.

1819 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto I i. 3 After cloying the gazettes with cant.

absolute.1639 T. Fuller Hist. Holy Warre v. xxvi. 273 These are enough to satisfy, more would cloy.1749 D. Hartley Observ. Man i. ii. 227 The two frequent Recurrency of Concords cloys.1829 H. Neele Lit. Remains 32 His [Pope's] sweetness cloys at last.

b. intransitive (for reflexive). To become satiated. rare.

ΚΠ

1721 A. Ramsay Tartana 160 If Sol himself should shine thro' all the day, We cloy, and lose the pleasure of his ray.

9. To starve. (Some error.)

ΚΠ

1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Riiiv/2 To Cloy, fame consumere.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	cloy
释义	cloyv.¹ Brit. /klɔɪ/, U.S. /klɔɪ/ Etymology: Aphetic form of acloy, accloy v.; but it is possible that sense 1 directly represents Old French cloye-r , modern clou-er to nail. Senses 5 – 8 appear to run together with those of clog v. †1. transitive. To nail, to fasten with a nail. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > working with tools or equipment > fastening > fasten [verb (transitive)] > with nails nailOE clencha1250 clinkc1440 rivetc1450 cloyc1460 clowa1522 to nail up1532 clinch1570 clint1575 inclavate1666 to nail down1669 c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn l. 3464 Hym list to dryv in bet þe nayll, til they wer fully cloyid. †2. To prick (a horse) with a nail in shoeing; = accloy v. 1a. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > animal disease or disorder > disorders of horses > cause injury or disease of horse [verb (transitive)] > disorders of feet or hooves > caused by shoeing accloyc1330 encloy1393 clowa1522 cloy1530 prick1591 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 487/2 I cloye a horse, I drive a nayle in to the quycke of his foote. Jencloue... A smyth hath cloyed my horse. 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 341 When a horsse is shouldered..or his hooue cloid with a naile. 1625 F. Bacon Apophthegmes §277. 302 He would haue made the worst Farrier in the world, for he neuer shod horse, but hee cloyed him. 1704 Dict. Rusticum Cloyed, or Accloy'd, is no other, than the pricking of an Horse with a Nail in the Shooing. †3. To pierce as with a nail, to gore. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > making holes or becoming holed > make (an opening or hole) [verb (transitive)] > make an opening or hole in or into > bore, pierce, or perforate > with something sharp-pointed shearOE sting993 stickOE spita1225 wound?c1225 stitchc1230 pitcha1275 threstc1275 forprick1297 steekc1300 piercec1325 rivec1330 dag?a1400 jag?a1400 lancec1400 pickc1400 tamec1400 forpierce1413 punch1440 launch1460 thringc1485 empiercec1487 to-pierce1488 joba1500 ding1529 stob?1530 probe1542 enthrill1563 inthirlc1580 cloy1590 burt1597 pink1597 lancinate1603 perterebrate1623 puncture1675 spike1687 skiver1832 bepierce1840 gimlet1841 prong1848 javelin1859 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. vi. sig. Hh7 That foe of his [sc. a wild boar], Which with his cruell tuske him deadly cloyd. †4. To spike (a gun), i.e. to render it useless by driving a spike or plug into the touch-hole. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > putting weapons or equipment out of action > put weapons or equipment out of action [verb (transitive)] > silence a gun > by spiking clowa1522 peg1551 to nail up1562 cloy1577 nail1598 spick1623 spike1644 wedge1680 spike1687 1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 1807/2 [They] stopped and cloyed the touch holes of three peeces of the artillerie. 1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 801 They should..cloy the great ordidance [sic], that it might not afterwards stand the Turks in stead. 1617 F. Moryson Itinerary ii. ii. ii. 165 Hauing brought with them..spykes, to cloy the Ordinance. 1669 S. Sturmy Mariners Mag. 19 Be sure that none of our Guns be cloy'd. 1711 Mil. & Sea Dict. (ed. 4) at Nail To Nail Cannon, or, as some call it, To Cloy..but this is an antiquated Word. 1768 E. Buys New & Compl. Dict. Terms Art I. at Cloyed a Piece of Ordnance is said to be cloyed, when any Thing is got into the Touch-hole. †5. To stop up, block, obstruct, choke up (a passage, channel, etc.); to crowd or fill up. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > close or shut [verb (transitive)] > close by obstruction or block up fordita800 forstop?c1225 estopa1420 accloy1422 ferma1522 clam1527 quar1542 cloy1548 dam1553 occlude1581 clog1586 impeach1586 bung1589 gravel1602 impediment1610 stifle1631 foul1642 obstipate1656 obturate1657 choke1669 blockade1696 to flop up1838 jama1865 to ball up1884 gunge1976 the world > space > place > presence > fact of taking up space > take up (space or a place) [verb (transitive)] > fill > to obstruction cumberc1394 encumberc1400 cloy1548 pester1548 accumberc1571 clog1586 to take up1587 lumber1642 over-clog1660 crowd1741 jama1865 1548 W. Patten Exped. Scotl. sig. B.vij^v These kepers had rammed vp their outer dores, cloyd & stopt vp their stayres within, [etc.]. 1581 R. Mulcaster Positions xxxvii. 166 Those professions and occupations, which be most cloyed vp with number. 1596 W. Lambarde Perambulation of Kent (rev. ed.) 98 The fresh is not able to checke the salt water, that cloyeth the chanell. 1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. xvi. 659/1 The Dukes purpose was to haue cloyed the harbour by sinking shippes laden with stones, and such like choaking materials. 1636 E. M. Bolton tr. Florus Rom. Hist. (new ed.) 308 The Alps themselues heapt high with winter snowes, and so the wayes cloyed uppe. 1636 G. Sandys Paraphr. Div. Poems (1648) Lament. ii. 5 Thy Anger cloyes the Grave. †6. figurative. To clog, obstruct, or impede (movement, activity, etc.); to weigh down, encumber. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > types or manners of hindrance > hinder in specific manner [verb (transitive)] > encumber accumberc1275 encumberc1386 accloy1422 overlay1441 cumber1493 poister1523 pester1533 overgrowa1550 clog1564 cloy1564 aggravate1573 trasha1616 hamper1775 mither1847 lumber1861 1564 T. Becon Flower Godly Prayers (1844) 18 That heavy bondage of the flesh, wherewith I am most grievously cloyed. 1567 G. Turberville To Young Gent. taking Wyf in Poems (R.) A bearing wyfe with brats will cloy thee sore. 1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 137 Beyng clogged and fastened to this state of bondage (as it were cloyed in claye). 1665 J. Glanvill Scepsis Scientifica i. 3 The soul being not cloy'd by an unactive mass, as now. 7. To overload with food, so as to cause loathing; to surfeit or satiate (with over-feeding, or with richness, sweetness, or sameness of food). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > appetite > excessive consumption of food or drink > eat or drink to excess [verb (transitive)] > feed (oneself) to excess over-quatc1275 glutc1315 fill1340 stuffa1400 aglutc1400 agroten1440 grotenc1440 ingrotenc1440 sorporrc1440 replenisha1450 pegc1450 quatc1450 overgorgea1475 gorge1486 burst1530 cloy1530 saturate1538 enfarce1543 mast?1550 engluta1568 gull1582 ingurgitate1583 stall1583 forage1593 paunch1597 upbray1598 upbraid1599 surfeitc1600 surcharge1603 gormandize1604 overfeed1609 farcinate1634 repletiate1638 stodge1854 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 487/2 I cloye, I charge ones stomacke with to moche meate..You have cloyed hym so moche that he is sicke nowe. 1584 T. Cogan Hauen of Health cliii. 130 The fatte of flesh alone without leane is vnwholesome, & cloyeth the stomack. 1597 W. Shakespeare Richard II i. iii. 259 Who can..cloy the hungry edge of appetite, By bare imagination of a feast? View more context for this quotation 1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy ii. iii. iii. 399 They being alwayes accustomed to the same dishes..are therefore cloyed. 1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson ii. xii. 266 Though this was a food that we had been long..confined to..we were far from being cloyed with it. 1848 T. De Quincey Life & Adventures Goldsmith in N. Brit. Rev. May 189 To be cloyed perpetually is a worse fate than sometimes to stand within the vestibule of starvation. 8. a. figurative. To satiate, surfeit, gratify beyond desire; to disgust, weary (with excess of anything). ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > feeling of weariness or tedium > be or become wearied or bored with [verb (transitive)] > satiate or surfeit sadeOE overcloy1527 satiatea1530 stuff1530 cloy1576 clog1590 surcloy1594 satea1616 clama1670 pall1680 stale1709 1576 G. Gascoigne Complaynt of Phylomene in Steele Glas sig. L^v Both satisfied with deepe delight, And cloyde with al content. 1588 J. Udall State Church of Eng. sig. D4^v Often preachinge cloyeth the people. a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) ii. ii. 242. 1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia i. 17 But not to cloy you with particulars..I refer you to the Authors owne writing. 1752 H. Fielding Amelia II. iv. ii. 8 Amelia's Superiority to her whole Sex, who could not cloy a gay young Fellow by many Years Possession. 1819 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto I i. 3 After cloying the gazettes with cant. absolute.1639 T. Fuller Hist. Holy Warre v. xxvi. 273 These are enough to satisfy, more would cloy.1749 D. Hartley Observ. Man i. ii. 227 The two frequent Recurrency of Concords cloys.1829 H. Neele Lit. Remains 32 His [Pope's] sweetness cloys at last. b. intransitive (for reflexive). To become satiated. rare. ΚΠ 1721 A. Ramsay Tartana 160 If Sol himself should shine thro' all the day, We cloy, and lose the pleasure of his ray. 9. To starve. (Some error.) ΚΠ 1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Riiiv/2 To Cloy, fame consumere. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † cloyv.² Obsolete. rare. Steevens conjectures ‘To claw, to scratch with the claw’; Johnson: ‘perhaps, to strike the beak together’ ΚΠ a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) v. v. 212 His Royall Bird Prunes the immortall wing, and cloyes his Beake, As when his God is pleas'd. View more context for this quotation This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online June 2021). < v.¹c1460v.²a1616
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cloyv.1

† cloyv.2

cloyv.¹

† cloyv.²