| 释义 |
langue de boeufn. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French lang de beof, langue de boeuf. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman lang de beof, lang de bove, lange de boef, also (rare) langebef and Middle French langue de beuf, langue de boeuf, langue de buef, French (now historical in sense 3) langue de bœuf, lit. ‘ox tongue’, also any of various plants having rough, tongue-shaped leaves (c1240 in Old French as lange de boef ), in Middle French also a kind of spear or staff weapon (1441 as lange de buef ) < lang , lange , langue tongue (see langue n.) + de de prep. + beof , boef , bœuf , buef , etc. beef n.; as plant name in French perhaps after the Latin names of the plant (see ox-tongue n.). Compare ox-tongue n. and the foreign-language forms cited at that entry, and (with sense 2) also bugloss n.The δ. forms apparently show folk-etymological alteration of the first element by association with the place name Langley. the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > meat dishes > [noun] > other meat dishes 1381 Diuersa Servicia in C. B. Hieatt & S. Butler (1985) 70 For to make longe de buf, nym þe tonge of þe rether & schalde, & schawe yt wel..& seth yt..and larde yt wyþ lardons and wyþ clowys gelofre, & do it rostyng. & drop yt, wel yrostyd, wyth ȝolkys of eyrin. a1475 (Sloane) (1862) 26 (MED) Lange de beof. Take þo ox tonge and schalle hit wele, Sethe hit, broche hit in larde yche dele, With cloves of gelofer hit broch þou shalle, Þen do hit to fyre and rost hit alle. ?a1475 Noble Bk. Cookry in at Lange-de-bef To mak lange de bef tak an ox tonge, schave it, sethe it, broche it and lard it with clowes, then rost it and enbane it with yolks of eggs and serue it. the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > medicinal and culinary plants > medicinal and culinary plant or part of plant > [noun] > bugloss or borage plant or seed the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > herb > [noun] > bugloss the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > restoratives, tonics, or stimulants > [noun] > tonic > plant-derived a1400 (Selden) (1887) 17 (MED) Auricula muris, pilosella idem, parua habet folia et multa, aliquantulum pilosa; Gallice, pilousee, angl. moushere uel langbeue. a1425 (a1399) Forme of Cury (BL Add.) 8 in C. B. Hieatt & S. Butler (1985) 99 Take borage, cool, langdebef, persel..cast hem in gode broth and seeþ hem. ?a1425 (?1373) (1938) f. 40 (MED) Longedebeffe oþer oxetonge: þe juis y-dronke with hote water makyth a man to haue gode mynde and witt; Also he will put a-way rede colour. a1500 (?a1425) tr. (Lamb.) 84 Of water of lange de boef, a Rote. 1551 W. Turner sig. G ivv Dioscorides..saythe that Cirsion (whyche I take to be oure langdebefe) hath longer leues than buglossum. 1597 J. Gerard ii. 654 Of Buglosse... Lang de Beefe is a kinde heereof, altogither lesser. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny II. 279 The leaves [of Cirsion] in forme resemble an ox tongue or the hearbe Langue-de-bœufe. 1615 G. Markham (1668) ii. i. 14 To quicken a mans wits, spirit and memory, let him take Langdebeef, which is gathered in June or July. 1620 T. Venner vii. 146 Lang de beuf is..of like operation with Borage and Buglosse. 1732 W. Ellis 39 That called here Langley-Beef. 1742 (Royal Soc.) 41 158 I had it described to me..to be like Langue de Bœuf, with a yellow Flower, and rough hoary Leaf, the root yellowish, and tasted something sweetish like Liquorice. 1821 S. F. Gray (new ed.) 477/1 Greens and pot herbs... Langue-de-bœuf. 1986 14 1 Both coriander and langdebeef are believed to be very early introductions into this country. 1999 27 81 The flowering period for most of the species would be June and July (clary, costmarie, langue-de-boeuf), with marigolds all summer. society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > sharp weapon > halberd > [noun] 1450–1 (Electronic ed.) Parl. Nov. 1450 §8. m. 2 Arraied in fourme of werre, with jakkes, salettez, longe swerdes, longdeebeofs, boresperes, and all other unmerciable forbodon wepons. 1453 in W. H. Stevenson (1883) II. 216 (MED) Cum uno langdebefe et dagario. 1472–3 (Electronic ed.) Parl. Oct. 1472 1st Roll §57. m. 8 Bowes, arrowes and longdebieffes. 1485 (2005) VI. 295/1 Bowes, arowes, speres, and longthebeves. 1487 (P.R.O.: PROB. 11/8) f. 31 A jak, a salett & a long debefe. 1846 F. W. Fairholt Gloss. at Voulge A peculiarly-shaped military implement affixed to the staff, like the pike or halbert, and called also langue de bœuf, from its resemblance to the tongue of an ox. 1878 19 Mar. 6/3 Sale of Armour and Arms... An anelace, or ‘langue-de-boeuf’—£7 15s. 1942 35 118 The ‘Hella’ is the large, flat-bladed spear with a head about 28 inches long and about 2 ½ or 3 inches wide, known in Europe as the ‘Langue-de-boeuf’. 1987 P. Cornish 46/2 He wields a boar-spear; like the langue-de-boeuf of his English counterpart, this was very much the mark of an officer of foot. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  n.1381 |
