| 释义 |
smalt, n. (and a.)|smɔːlt|
Also 6, 8 smalte, 7 smault(e.
[a. F. smalt (cf. Du. smalt, G. schmalte), ad. It. smalto smalto.]
1. a. A species of glass, usually coloured a deep blue by oxide of cobalt, etc., and after cooling finely pulverized for use as a pigment or colouring matter.
1558W. Warde tr. Alexis' Secr. i. vi. 118 b, Take white smalte well beaten in poulder. 1573Art of Limming p. iiij, Smalte or florrey being tempered in a shell with gumme water maketh a blewe. 1612Peacham Gentl. Exerc. 83 The principale blewes..are Blew bice, Smalt. 1618Patent Specif. (1856) No. 7. 1 And shall also make the same Smaulte as good..as the Smault heretofore brought from beyond the Seas. 1688Holme Armoury iii. 149/2 Smalt, some call it blew Starch; because much used by Landresses in their Starch to make it blew. 1763W. Lewis Phil. Comm. Arts 325 Being strewed upon oil paintings for a sparkling black in the same way as smalt is strewed for blue. 1791E. Darwin Bot. Gard. i. Notes 52 The Saxon mines have till very lately almost exclusively supplied the rest of Europe with..zaffre and smalt. 1839Ure Dict. Arts 302 The..nickel..must not be suffered to become oxidized, lest it should spoil the colour of the smalt. 1862Miller Elem. Chem., Org. ii. §3 (ed. 2) 102 The starch is washed, mixed with a little smalt, to give it the blue tinge preferred in the market. 1879Cassell's Techn. Educ. IV. 225/2 The beauty of the blue colour, upon which the value of smalt depends.
b. pl. Various kinds of this. rare.
1598R. Haydocke tr. Lomatius iii. 106 Azures and smaltes shaddow those skiecolours, which are made of them and white mixed together.
2. A deep blue colour like that of smalt.
1881Spectator 2 July 860 Red and yellow, and emerald-green and smalt, all figure together on the same ribbon or dress piece. 190419th Cent. July 136 The cruder smalts and chromes and dead gold of old illuminators.
3. A piece of coloured glass. Cf. smalto.
1864Chambers's Encycl. VI. 581/2 The pieces of glass of every shade of colour are technically called smalts; they are generally opaque. 1887Sir G. W. Cox Cycl. Comm. Things (ed. 6) 391 Roman Mosaics are pictures composed of little pieces of coloured glass called smalti or smalts. Ibid., The smalts are made in long slender rods of many thousands of different colours and shades.
4. a. attrib. and Comb., as smalt-blue adj., smalt furnace, smalt-glass, smalt-maker, etc.; smalt-blue, powder blue.
1681Grew Musæum iv. iii. 376 A piece of Smalt-Glass. 1753Chambers' Cycl. Suppl. s.v., The necessity of having expert workmen for the smalt-making. Ibid., Intelligent persons are necessary in the smalt-works. 1796Kirwan Elem. Min. (ed. 2) I. 27 Smalt blue,..paler than the preceding [azure blue]. 1834M. Somerville Connex. Phys. Sci. xx. 174 A smalt-blue finger glass. 1839Ure Dict. Arts 302 A round smalt furnace. 1855J. R. L[eifchild] Cornw. Mines 216 An ore of cobalt,..from which the beautiful blue glass and smalt-blue are made. 1921Dict. Occup. Terms (1927) §143 Smalt maker, places powdered mixture of cobalt oxide, silica (pure sand) and potassium carbonate into a wheeled fireclay crucible [etc.]. 1923Chambers's Jrnl. 15 Dec. 36/1 The supreme obstacle confronting the smalt-makers.
b. As adj. Of the colour of smalt; deep blue.
1880Mrs. C. Reade Brown Hand & W. I. 2 A courtyard roofed in by the smalt heaven of Italy.
Hence ˈsmalter, one who prepares smalt.
1923Chambers's Jrnl. 15 Dec. 36/1 The Venetian glassmakers..were content to purchase their requirements from the ‘smalters’ of Germany. |