| 释义 |
shotten, ppl. a.|ˈʃɒt(ə)n|
[pa. pple. of shoot v. Cf. shot ppl. a.]
†1.
a. Of an arrow: Shot from a bow. Obs.
a1225Juliana 73, & tet beali blencte & breid him aȝeinwart bihinden hare schuldren as for a schoten [vr. ischoten] arewe.
†b. Of a wound: Produced by gunshot. Obs.
1597A. M. tr. Guillemeau's Fr. Chirurg. 6/2 Commonlye, shotten woundes doe not enter right, or liniallye, into the bodye, but turninge.
†2. Of tin: ? = shotted 3. Obs.
1414Rolls of Parlt. IV. 56/1 Diverses autres Marchantz..achatent et envoyent Estayn founduz, appelle Shotentyn. 1429Ibid. 359/1 No manere Wolle.., Lede, ne Tynne, hoole ne shoten.
†b. ? Crystallized. (Cf. shoot v.)
1766Borlase in Phil. Trans. LVI. 38 The granulated surface, and shotten edge, of the metal, pronounce it..to be native tin.
3. Of a fish (esp. a herring): That has spawned.[Cf. Du. schoten haringh (1661 in Boekenoogen Zaansch Volkstaal s.v. Ropziek).] 1451in T. Gardner Hist. Dunwich (1754) 148 Rec. of Thomas Comber 2500 full Heryns 200 schotyn. 1593G. Harvey Pierce's Super. 74 His conceit [was] as lank as a shotten herring. 1596Nottingham Rec. IV. 243 Prysez of Herynges Whyte ful v. for ijd.; shutten iij. for jd. c1682J. Collins Salt & Fishery 154 The Shoal begins to be lean, shotten, and sick. 1863Rep. Sea Fisheries Comm. (1865) II. 419/1 We have caught shotten fish one night, and the next they have been full of spawn. 1864J. M. Mitchell Herring 114 Full herrings..and..empty or shotten herrings.
b. transf. and fig. In shotten herring, applied to a person who is exhausted by sickness or destitute of strength or resources (arch.) Hence gen., † Thin, emaciated; worthless, good-for-nothing.
1596Shakes. 1 Hen. IV ii. iv. 143 If manhood, good manhood be not forgot vpon the face of the earth, then am I a shotten Herring. 1617Let. 31 Jan. in India Office Rec. (MS.) O.C. No. 442 [The factories] ad to their rotten and shotten [goods] and demynish (or take away) such as is vendable. 1618Fletcher Women Pleas'd ii. iv, What Penurio, My shotten friend, what winde blew you? 1662R. Mathew Unl. Alch. 14 He looked shotten and wan, as one that had been sick. 1826Cobbett Rur. Rides (1885) II. 2 Come and look at this poor, shotten-herring of a creature.
4. Blood-shot. quasi-arch. (Cf. blood-shotten.)
c1460Compl. Criste 401 in Pol. Rel. & L. Poems (1903) 218 They [my eyes] been shotyn [earlier text blood-schoten] with ffleschely luste. 1858Kingsley Real King 36 His eyne were shotten, as red as blood.
5. dial. Of milk: Sour, curdled.
a1667Skinner Etymol. Ling. Angl. (1671), Shotten milk, nobis Lac vetustate Coagulatum. 1886S.W. Linc. Gloss., Shotten-milk, milk turned sour and curdled... Still understood here, but almost out of use.
Hence † shottenly adv.
1661K. W. Conf. Charac., Covetous Usurer (1860) 73 But as shottenly as he looks, he's a notable crafty fox in his way. |