| 释义 |
schizoid, a. and n. Psychol.|ˈskɪtsɔɪd, skɪdz-|
[a. G. schizoid (E. Kretschmer Körperbau und Charakter (1921) ix. 96): see schizo- 2 and -oid.]
A. adj. Resembling or tending towards schizophrenia, but with milder or less developed symptoms, e.g. an absence of delusions.
1925W. J. H. Sprott tr. Kretschmer's Physique & Char. xii. 208 One may for convenience call the transitional stages between illness and health, and the pathological abortive forms, ‘schizoid’ and ‘cycloid’. 1931Times Lit. Suppl. 17 Sept. 692/4 Professor Kretschmer manages to convey the impression that all philosophers and tragedians are schizophrenic, or at least ‘schizoid’. 1938Oxford Times 8 Apr. 23/5 He said Phillips was of what would be called ‘schizoid type’ but he could not agree that in the case of a split mind the subject could not distinguish between right and wrong. 1949Koestler Insight & Outlook xxiv. 343 The frequent occurrence of infantile and schizoid features in the psychic make-up of poets. 1957A. Huxley Let. 18 Nov. (1969) 830 Dr. Abram Hoffer..has treated several hundred patients under his care with 3 to 4 grammes of niacin—with striking success in many cases of schizoid neurosis. 1960R. D. Laing Divided Self ix. 149 It is..not always possible to make sharp distinctions between sanity and insanity, between the sane schizoid individual and the psychotic. 1964M. Argyle Psychol. & Social Probl. iii. 35 Withdrawn, schizoid people..produce a tense, uneasy atmosphere. 1976Smythies & Corbett Psychiatry vi. 95 The ‘schizoid’ individual has usually been a lone wolf since childhood. 1977A. Sheridan tr. Lacan's Écrits i. 5 The schizoid and spasmodic symptoms of hysteria.
b. transf. and fig., freq. = schizophrenic a. b.
1955G. S. Fraser in J. Wain Interpretations 233 It is a kind of poem which could only have been written in the age that invented the phrase ‘dissociation of sensibility’ and that thought of the schizoid state as the typical occupational risk of intellectuals. 1959Times 20 Feb. 14/5 It was a schizoid programme... On the one hand Daniel Jones's new fifth symphony..; on the other, a bizarre coupling of two..sets of variations on Paganini's celebrated A minor caprice. 1959N. Mailer Advts. for Myself (1961) 173 ‘It's all schizoid,’ Sam said. ‘Modern life is schizoid.’ 1960Spectator 6 May 652 (heading) The schizoid state [sc. South Africa]. 1964J. Jackson et al. Rayden's Practice & Law of Divorce (ed. 9) iii. 155 Such schizoid situations reflect little credit on the law. 1974‘R. Tate’ Birds of Bloodied Feather ix. 176 He was schizoid..partly clever, partly stupid... I think he wanted to be found out. 1977Ripped & Torn vi. 10/1 The best track.. is ‘Energy’, a piece of schizoid trash. 1977Proc. R. Soc. Med. LXX. 398/1 The principle..serves to emphasize that, if the tumour is to be cured, the surgeon must approach the problem in an almost schizoid frame of mind.
B. n. A schizoid person; also loosely.
1925W. J. H. Sprott tr. Kretschmer's Physique & Char. x. 149 We sometimes find schizoids, who look just as if they had already been through a schizophrenic psychosis before they were born. 1938S. Beckett Murphy ix. 168 An emaciated schizoid..his left hand rhetorically extended.., his right, quivering and rigid, pointing upward. a1941F. Scott Fitzgerald Tender is Night (rev. ed., 1953) i. ix. 48 She's a schizoid—a permanent eccentric. a1957J. Cary Captive & Free (1959) xii. 57 Preedy has been taken to pieces by experts. They say, ‘The typical schizoid—a little Hitler. You find him everywhere—the village boy who goes from Mass to do murder is the basic type.’ 1970Science 16 Jan. 251/1 Though unsatisfactory, the only means of identifying many—perhaps most—schizoids remains genealogical, and a clinical understanding of the schizoid can best be gained by reading descriptions of abnormal relatives of schizophrenics. 1975D. Lodge Changing Places i. 6 Flown by pilots long gone over the hill, alcoholics and schizoids.
Hence schiˈzoidal a.
1938S. Beckett Murphy iv. 49 ‘That long hank of Apollonian asthenia,’ groaned Neary, ‘that schizoidal spasmophile.’ 1973F. Johnson Alienation ii. 63 The discovery of latent schizoidal themes can be found routinely in individuals whose functioning would in no way suggest..the existence of such ‘splitting’. |