| 释义 |
pneumocystis, n. Path.|njuːməʊˈsɪstɪs|
[a. mod.L. generic name Pneumocystis (M. & Mme. P. Delanoë 1912, in Comptes Rendus CLV. 660): see pneumo- and cystis n.]
The protozoan Pneumocystis carinii, which inhabits the lungs and is a common infective agent in immunocompromised individuals. pneumocystis (carinii) pneumonia, pneumocystis pneumonitis (also PCP (see *P II.) and occas. ellipt.), a severe and often fatal form of pneumonia caused by infection with this organism, and characterized by the proliferation of cysts within the lung cavity, leading to tachypnoea.
[1953Ann. Pædiatrici CLXXX. 1 The etiology of this pneumonia was solved by the discovery of the parasite Pneumocystis carinii... We therefore propose to call this pneumonia parasitic or pneumocystic. 1954Zentralblatt f. Allgemeine Path. und Pathologische Anat. XCII. 424 (heading) Zur Morphologie der Pneumocystis carinii und zur Pathogenese der Pneumocystis-Pneumonie.] 1955Jrnl. Clin. Path. VIII. 23/1 Bachmann (1953) found pneumocystis in all of the 14 cases of plasmacellular pneumonia which he examined. 1956Amer. Jrnl. Path. XXXII. 1 Knowledge of pneumocystis pneumonitis has developed far more rapidly in Europe than in the United States or elsewhere in the world. 1956Jrnl. Path. & Bacteriol. LXXII. 457 It is tempting to speculate whether the rare cases of pulmonary microlithiasis alveolaris may not possibly be explained as the ultimate outcome of a pneumocystis pneumonia in an adult. 1957Lancet 12 Jan. 59/2 (heading) ‘Pneumocystis carinii’ pneumonia. 1958Pediatrics XXI. 349/2 It seems unlikely at this time that this case could be included under the diagnostic heading of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. 1960Arch. Dis. Childhood XXXV. 495/1 Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis has been found associated with congenital agammaglobulinaemia, [etc.]. 1970Cancer XXV. 696/2 Early diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis is imperative since it has been shown that pentamidine or hydroxystilbamidine are therapeutic agents of significant efficacy. 1984Ann. Internal Med. C. 62/1 The 71-year-old wife of a 74-year-old hemophiliac who had received factor VIII concentrate and subsequently died due to Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. 1987Oxf. Textbk. Med. (ed. 2) II. xv. 9/1 Transbronchial biopsy should be suitable if the diagnosis is likely to be..diffuse infection (e.g. disseminated tuberculosis or pneumocystis). 1988Brit. Med. Jrnl. 6 Aug. 382/2 In all 19 patients positive for pneumocystis, it was the first episode of pneumocystis pneumonia. |