| 释义 |
▪ I. rearward, n.1|ˈrɪəwɔːd|
Forms: 4–5 rer-, 4–9 rere-, 5 Sc. reir-, 6–7 reare-, 7 reer-, 6 rearward; also 4–7 -warde.
[a. AF. rerewarde (c 1307): see note to arrear-ward.]
1. Mil. (and Naval). That part of an army (or fleet) which is stationed behind the main body; the third division in a force drawn up for battle. Cf. rear-guard 1. Obs. exc. arch.
13..Coer de L. 3147 Alle the rerewarde Was i-slayn with Kyng Rychard. 1375Barbour Bruce viii. 71 Quhen the reirward saw thaim swa Discumfit..Thai fled on fer. a1430Syr Gener. (Roxb.) 9024 Thei without folowed hard, And slogh many of the rereward. 1450–1530Myrr. our Ladye 119 An hooste in batayle is departed in thre, that ys to saye, the forwarde, the mydel warde, and the rerewarde. 1585T. Washington tr. Nicholay's Voy. i. xvii. 19 At thys Cape..were foure Galliots of the rearewarde of the Turkes armie. 1609Holland Amm. Marcell. 119 The souldiors of our rereward, who kept the upper part of the hill. 1654Earl of Monmouth tr. Bentivoglio's Warrs Flanders 322 The third Squadron of the Rereward got almost all safe off. 1828–40Tytler Hist. Scot. (1864) II. 41 He himself followed with the rearward, composed of the main strength of his army.
fig.1592Shakes. Rom. & Jul. iii. ii. 121 [Q. 2] But with a rereward following Tybalts death Romeo is banished [etc.].
b. transf. in various applications.
c1586C'tess Pembroke Ps. lxviii. ix, The rereward lowd on instruments did play. 1611Bible Num. x. 25 The campe of the children of Dan..which was the rere-ward of all the campes throughout their hostes. ― Isa. lviii. 8 Thy righteousnesse shall go before thee, the glory of the Lord shall be thy rereward. 1665Bunyan Holy Citie 174 As he is to be the Captain and Leader of his People, so he is to be the Rere⁓ward and Bringer-up of his People. 1860J. W. Warter Seaboard II. 27 God went before them, and was their rereward also.
†2. In verbal phrases: to have, keep, make the rearward (in early use said of the leaders, later of the troops). to close the rearward, to bring up the rear. Obs.
13..K. Alis. 7788 Antioche hadde the former-warde, And Tolome the reirwarde. 1375Barbour Bruce xvi. 58 Schir Eduard..Befor in the avaward raid. The Kyng him-self the reirward maid. c1380Sir Ferumb. 2712 Y me-self and Olyuer..Wolleþ come be-hynde her; & kepe þe rereward. c1400Laud Troy Bk. 14662 (E.E.T.S.) Ho schal haue the vaunwarde, Who the myddel, and ho the rerewarde? c1430Syr Gener. (Roxb.) 3757 Aufreus of Tharse..The rereward he kept ful wiselie. 1583in Grosart Spenser's Wks. I. 484 The examinate..appointed the souldieres to keepe the rere⁓warde. 1613Hayward Norm. Kings 9 The lances and men at Armes cloased the Rereward. 1614Raleigh Hist. World ii. (1634) 248 These had the Rereward and moved last.
3. In prepositional phrases (cf. n.2):
a. in (or at) the rearward, in the rear.
14..[see 4]. 1487Barbour's Bruce xiv. 60 (Camb. MS.) The vaward had the erll thomas, And in the rereward schir eduard was. 1600Holland Livy xxxix. xlix. 1054 Whiles he came himselfe behind in the rereward..his horse fell and cast him at once. 1601Dolman La Primaud. Fr. Acad. (1618) III. 759 Cranes come from the farthest orientall seas of India..Euery troup hath a captaine who is alwaies at the rereward. 1866Neale Sequences & Hymns 67 Some in the van Thou call'st to do..And in the rearward not a few Thou only bidd'st to bear.
b. in (or on) the rearward of, in the rear of.
1597Shakes. 2 Hen. IV, iii. ii. 339 Hee was the very Genius of Famine: he came euer in the rere-ward of the Fashion. 1599― Much Ado iv. i. 128 [Q.]My selfe would on the rere⁓ward of reproches Strike at thy life. 1603Dekker Wonderfull Yeare A iv b, There stands in the Rere-ward of this Booke a Troope of straunge Discourses. 1808Scott Marm. vi. xxvi, Lord Dacre with his horsemen light, Shall be in rear-ward of the fight. 1841Blackw. Mag. XLIX. 152 It would occupy its right position..in the advance, not in the rearward of the times.
4. transf. The hinder parts, posteriors.
14..Tourn. Tottenham in Hazl. E.P.P. III. 86 He gurde so fast his gray mare That she lete a fowkyn fare At the rerewarde. c1557Abp. Parker Ps. lxxviii. 227 Hys foes rearwardes even down he felde. 1855Martin & Aytoun Bon Gaultier Ball. 238 Already in his rearward Felt he Jove's tremendous toes.
▪ II. rearward, a.|ˈrɪəwəd|
[f. rear- + -ward.]
1. Situated in the rear.
1598Barret Theor. Warres 54, 6 rankes at 2 men per ranke in the reareward angles. 1813Scott Rokeby ii. vi, As champions, when their band is broke, Stand forth to guard the rearward post. 1876‘Mark Twain’ Tom Sawyer vi, His coat..had the rearward buttons far down the back.
2. Directed towards the rear; backward.
1861Sat. Rev. 7 Dec. 585/1 If the execution of a rapid rear⁓ward movement be required. 1872Jenkinson Guide Eng. Lakes (1879) 28 A rearward view discloses a fine grouping of the hills which have been passed.
▪ III. rearward, adv. (n.2)|ˈrɪəwəd|
[f. as prec.]
1. a. Towards the rear; backward.
1625Markham Souldiers Accid. 18 Open your Rankes, from the front reareward. 1818Southey in Q. Rev. XVIII. 33 The heavy weapon reached me in the rear, And rearward I returned a long loud sigh. 1868Rep. to Govt. U.S. Munitions War 53 The head of the locking bolt..causes this block to move obliquely rearward.
b. At the back of.
1880L. Wallace Ben-Hur iv. x, Rearward of the structure which graced the entrance-way.
c. Comb., as rearward-facing, rearward-hinged adjs.
1955Times 23 June 4/4 It had been decided in Australia to have rearward-facing seats. 1959Economist 13 June 1042/1 The engine drives a ducted fan, which supplies compressed air to two concentric rings of jet openings facing downward..while rearward-facing jets propel it. 1967Jane's Surface Skimmer Systems 1967–68 25/1 There is a rearward-hinged car-type door on each side of the cabin.
2. As n. in phr. in the rearward, in the rear.
1832G. Downes Lett. Cont. Countries I. 55 The view in the rearward now became agreeably diversified by the mountains we had lately traversed.
So ˈrearwardly adv.; ˈrearwards adv.
1856Olmsted Slave States 91 A room that extended out, rearwardly, from the house. 1888Engineer 4 May 374/3 Having a handle..extending rearwardly beyond the suction tube. 1897Daily News 25 May 8/1 The unfit were gradually weeded out and sent rearwards. 1934Canad. Patent Office Rec. 30 Oct. 2464/1 Beams extending..rearwardly of the rear axle. 1946A. W. Judge Mod. Petrol Engines vi. 237 The cooling air..leaves the engine cowling through a rearwardly inclined exit. 1973Times 30 Oct. 17/8 A reasonable proportion of the water is thrown rearwardly. |