| 释义 |
anaˈlytical, a.
[f. med.L. analytic-us (see analytic a. and n.) + -al1. The earliest spelling is analeticall, and in 15th c. L. analeticus is of freq. occurrence.]
1. a. Of or pertaining to analytics; employing the analytic method or process.
c1525Skelton Replyc., Maister Porphiris problemes..in his thre maner of clerkly workes, analeticall, topicall, and logycall. 1591Percivall Sp. Dict. A iij b, Marke my first analytical table. a1652J. Smith Sel. Disc. vii. i. (1821) 308 The principles of true religion..are all so clear and perspicuous, that they need no key of analytical demonstration to unlock them. 1750Harris Hermes (1841) 119 We shall postpone the whole synthetical part..and confine ourselves to the analytical; that is to say, universal grammar. 1873Symonds Grk. Poets i. 14 Homer was never analytical. He described the world without raising a single moral or psychological question.
b. Language. Expressing the various notions and relations into which a proposition or complex notion may be analyzed, by distinct words, instead of combining several into one word; as, they shall be sent out for ē-mitt-ē-nt-ur; with a sword for gladio; plus fort for fortior; of man for man's.
1873Farrar Fam. of Speech ii. 74 The Swedish and Danish..have become more analytical than Old Norse. 1874Sayce Comp. Philol. ix. 368 The analytical character of the modern European languages, of which English is the most extreme example.
c. Math. Applied to geometry treated by means of algebra, in the Cartesian representation of curves and surfaces by equations.
1826H. P. Hamilton Princ. Analytical Geom. 2 Algebra may be applied to investigate the Theorems, and to resolve the Problems of Geometry... Application of these elementary branches of Mathematics forms the Science of Analytical Geometry. 1845Encycl. Metrop. I. 709 This branch of the subject is usually distinguished by the name of Algebraic, or Analytical, Geometry. 1881J. M. Dyer (title) Exercises in Analytical Geometry.
d. Math. Pertaining to analysis (sense 7).
1902[see analysis 7]. 1902E. T. Whittaker Course Mod. Analysis iii. 46 The definition of functionality must now be translated into analytical language.
2. a. Of analysis. = analytic a. 1.
1656Hobbes Elem. Philos. i. vi. §10 Eng. Wks. I. 79 There is need partly of the analytical and partly of the synthetical method. 1802Woodhouse in Phil. Trans. XCII. 105, I shall now shew, by a purely analytical process, what are the divisions of xn {pm} an. 1847Whewell Philos. Induct. Sc. I. 144 Having succeeded in this analytical process, we may invert it. 1854J. Coulthard tr. C. W. von Humboldt's Sphere & Duties of Govt. viii. 105 It is the analytical philosopher alone..who is able to arrive at his results through the calm, but cold processes of reason. 1865Mill Exam. Hamilton xviii. 354 This doctrine ignores the famous distinction..between Analytical and Synthetical judgments. Analytical judgments are supposed to unfold the contents of a concept. 1945Mind LIV. 194 My concern is exclusively with analytical philosophy. Ibid., Both the casuist and the systematist, if they are analytical philosophers, are interested in the individual clarifications that are peculiar to this kind of philosophising. 1956J. Holloway in A. Pryce-Jones New Outl. Mod. Knowl. 30 The philosophy of analysis thus tends to have two somewhat different branches: the analysis of a priori or analytical propositions..as represented by what Russell and Wittgenstein had to say about formal logic and mathematics; and the analysis of propositions which are expressed in words, which can occur in the ordinary layman's thinking... On the whole, modern analytical philosophy has developed most in this second field.
b. analytical psychology = analytic psychology; also applied to the psychology of C. G. Jung, as distinguished from that of Freud (psychoanalysis), esp. the practical procedure of psychological analysis laid down by Jung.
1835Mill Diss. & Disc. (1859) I. 114 Of Locke's Essay, the beginning and foundation of the modern analytical psychology, we cannot speak but with the deepest reverence. 1916C. E. Long tr. (title) C. G. Jung. Collected Papers on Analytical Psychology. 1945H. Crichton-Miller Psycho-analysis (ed. 2) i. 13 If we respect the history of terms, no system which diverges from the Freudian can correctly be called psycho-analysis. For purposes of differentiation Jung uses the term Analytical psychology (which happens to be a plagiarism from Stout). 1962A. M. Dry Psychol. of Jung p. xi, The International Association for Analytical Psychology has been formed.
c. analytical programme = analytic programme.
1885G. B. Shaw How to become Musical Critic (1960) 57 A careful analytical program.
3. analytical chemistry, the branch of chemistry concerned with analysis (analysis 3).
1879A. J. Bernays (title) Skeleton notes on analytical chemistry, for students in medicine. 1938R. W. Lawson tr. Hevesy & Paneth's Man. Radioactivity (ed. 2) xxii. 220 The..large domain of the analytical chemistry of the radio⁓elements. |