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单词 campion
释义

campionn.1

Forms: Middle English caumpiun, Middle English–1600s campion, campioun, Middle English campyon.
Etymology: A doublet of champion n., in later times chiefly Scotch. Middle English campiun , < Old Northern French campiun , -on = central Old French champiun , -on (= Provençal campio , -on , Italian campione ) < late Latin campio , -ōnem a combatant in the campus or arena, a professed fighter, < campus field of athletic or pugilistic contest, place of fighting in single combat, lists: see camp n.1, camp n.2 Campio was formed on campus , like tabellio ‘scrivener’ on tabella ‘written deed’. Practically also a doublet of kemp n.1
Obsolete.
1. One who fights in single combat as a trial of strength or bravery, or to decide a judicial question; a gladiator, pugilist, or professional fighter; a combatant.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > warrior > [noun] > champion or fighter in single combat
campionc1320
defendantc1450
combatant1489
appellant1520
defender?c1525
principal1590
duellist1593
champion1597
combater1598
dueller1614
battailant1620
pistol man1784
monomachist1828
c1320 Cast. Love 970 I am as campion [v.r. campioun] ouer-come.
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 60 Campyon or champyon, athleta, pugil.
1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xv. 60 As ilk man war a campioun.
c1540 J. Bellenden in tr. H. Boece Hyst. & Cron. Scotl. sig. Djv Thay refusit na maner of besines nor laubour that micht pertene to forsy campionis.
2. One who fights on behalf of another, or on behalf of any cause; a champion. technical one who ‘does battle’ for another in wager of battle.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > warrior > [noun] > champion or fighter in single combat > on behalf of another
campionc1270
championc1330
fighter1619
society > society and the community > dissent > fighting > [noun] > one who fights > one who fights on another's behalf
campionc1270
championc1330
c1270 Saints' Lives (Laud) (1887) 281 Ich habbe ane guode Caumpiun to þine bi-hofþe i-founde.
1554 D. Lindsay Dialog Experience & Courteour l. 5660 in Wks. (1931) I Mony one nobyll Campioun..The Law of God thay did defende.
1588 A. King tr. P. Canisius Cathechisme or Schort Instr. 180 b S. Paul that maist invincible campion of Christ.
1599 E. Sandys Europæ Speculum (1632) 215 Their cheife Campions discouraged.
1609 J. Skene tr. Regiam Majestatem 57 Anent the exchange of campions..gif..ane other campion is produced in the kings court then he quha waged the battell in the inferiour court.
a1651 D. Calderwood Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1843) II. 79 Our Head, and soverane Campioun, Jesus Christ.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

campionn.2

Brit. /ˈkampɪən/, U.S. /ˈkæmpiən/
Forms: Also 1600s campian, 1600s–1700s champion.
Etymology: This name appears first in Lobel (1576) and Lyte (1578) applied to the ‘Rose Campion’ or ‘Garden Campions’ ( Lychnis, now Agrostemma, coronaria), and the ‘Wild Campions’—Red and White—( L. diurna, and L. vespertina). As the first was identical with the plant called by Dioscorides λυχνίς στεϕανωματική , in Latin lychnis corōnāria , where the second word in both means ‘of or fit for a crown, chaplet, or wreath’, and the λυχνίς is said by Theophrastus to have been used for garlands, the English name has been conjectured to be identical with campion n.1 and = ‘champion’. But if so, we should have looked for some such name as ‘Campions' flower’ ‘Campions' lychnis’, and also that the name should have gone back to the 14th cent. when the form ‘campion’ for ‘champion’ was in English use. But of neither do we find any trace, and the conjecture must for the present be taken for what it is worth. The Dict. des Sciences du Nat. (1818) tome X, has ‘Compagnon Blanc, nom vulgaire Lychnis dioica.’ Héricher, Philol. de la Flore de Normandie et d'Angleterre 18, has Red and White Campion, le rouge et le blanc Compagnon, but the age of these names and their relation to campion is very doubtful. Others have conjectured formation < campus field.
Herbalism.
The name of certain plants, species of the genus Lychnis: under the name Lyte included the cultivated Rose Campion, L. (Agrostemma Linn.) coronaria, and the wild Red and White Campions, L. diurna and L. vespertina. It is doubtful whether it was a popular name even of these. Later writers have extended it, with qualifications, to a number of allied species, as campion of Constantinople n. the Scarlet Lychnis ( L. chalcedonica). meadow campion n. the Ragged Robin, L. Flos Cuculi. bladder campion n. Silene inflata. corn campion n. the Corn Cockle, Agrostemma Githago. moss campion n. Silene acaulis: these are only book-names.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Caryophyllaceae (chickweeds and allies) > [noun] > campion and ragged robin
cow-rattle14..
campion1576
behen1578
crowsoap1578
white campion1578
catchfly1597
feather-top wild campion1597
frothy poppy1597
lime-wort1597
nonsuch1597
sea campion1597
spattling poppy (also campion)1597
Greek rose1601
lychnis1601
knap-bottle1640
moss pink1641
Lobel's catchfly1664
red robin1678
moss campion1690
red campion1728
round robin1741
Silene1751
Nottingham catchfly1762
silenal1836
Robin Hood1844
thunder-flower1853
gunpowder weed1860
sea-catchfly1864
robin redbreast1880
poppy1886
thunderbolt1886
rattleweed1893
cancer1896
bladder-campion-
1576 M. de L'obel Nova Stirpium Adversaria 142 Lychnis Coronaria... Rose Campion.
1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball ii. x. 158 The wilde white Campion hath a rough white stemme.
1630 M. Drayton Muses Elizium v. 46 Sweet-Williams, Campions, Sops-in-wine One by another neatly.
1686 J. Ray Hist. Plantarum II. 992 Lychnis Coronaria, Garden Campions or Rose Campion.
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. 68/1 The double Champions are both red and white.
1859 E. Capern Ballads & Songs (new ed.) 128 The campion with its star of fire.
1863 S. Baring-Gould Iceland 102 Here and there bloomed a little moss campion.
1881 G. Allen Vignettes from Nature iii. 24 Known to..village children as red and white campion.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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