Capitan Chinan.

Brit.

/ˌkapᵻtan ˈtʃʌɪnə/, U.S.

/ˌkæpəˌtæn ˈtʃaɪnə/

Forms:

α. 1600s 1800s– Captain China, 1600s Captaine China, 1900s– Captain Cina.

β. 1800s– Capitan China, 1800s– Kapitan China, 1900s– Capitan Cina, 1900s– Kapitan Cina, 1900s– Kapitein China.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly from a proper name, combined with an English element; partly modelled on a Malay lexical item. Partly also borrowing from Malay. Etymons: captain n., proper name China; Malay Kapitan Cina.

Etymology: In α. forms < captain n. + the name of China (see China n.¹). In early use only with reference to Andrea Dittis (Lǐ Dàn), a Chinese trader in Japan, who was apparently in contact with the first Capitan China in the Dutch colony of Batavia (now Jakarta; compare the discussion by B. Hoetink in Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land-, en Volkenkunde van Nederlandsch-Indië 73 (1917) 354–6). In later use after Malay Kapitan Cina, itself apparently < Portuguese Capitão China , †Capitam China (16th cent.), used of the existing representative (shahbandar) of the Chinese community in Malacca (compare shahbandar n.); compare Malay kapitan captain, representative of an ethnic group ( < Portuguese capitão , †capitam captain, headman: see capitao n.). In β. forms partly remodelled after capitan n., and partly directly < Malay Kapitan Cina. Compare (probably after Portuguese) Dutch cappiteijn der Chineesen, literally ‘captain of the Chinese’ (1625; also earlier (of the same person) opperste der Chinesen, literally ‘highest-ranking of the Chinese’ (1620)), later Kapitein-Chinees (1741 or earlier). Compare also (after Dutch or Portuguese) Chinese (Hokkien) kap-pit-tan representative of an ethnic group (reflecting the pronunciation of the European term).

Now chiefly historical.

In various (former) European colonies in South-East Asia: (a title for) the headman or leader of the Chinese community, who acts as their representative in dealings between the community and the colonial government.

ΚΠ

1613 J. Saris Jrnl. 29 June in Voy. Japan (1900) 94 This day Mr. Cocks writt me a letter, and sent aboard one Jasper, a Fleming..who had abused the Captain China verye grocely.

1809 Asiatic Ann. Reg. 1807 9 170/2 The pepper plant was first introduced into the island from Acheen, by the then captain China Che Kay.

1881 Daily News 17 Oct. 5/3 At Kwala Lumpor, the ‘Capitan China’, Ah Loi..entertained the Governor at a banquet in a hall which he had erected for the occasion.

1908 W. A. Graham Kelantan vi. 28 Here beneath the benevolent sway of the Captain China some 1000 Chinese live.

1952 Times 15 Oct. 5 The Duchess was met by Sir Anthony Abell, the Governor, and local dignitaries, including the Capitan China, the leader of the Chinese community here [sc. Sarawak].

1992 L. Y. Andaya in N. Tarling Cambr. Hist. S.E. Asia II. vi. 349 The office of Kapitan China was created by the Dutch in 1619 to administer the Chinese population.

2006 C. A. Trocki Singapore ii. 43 In the 1840s, Seah married the daughter of Tan Ah Hun, the Teochew Capitan China of Perak.

This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	capitan china
释义	Capitan Chinan. Brit. /ˌkapᵻtan ˈtʃʌɪnə/, U.S. /ˌkæpəˌtæn ˈtʃaɪnə/ Forms: α. 1600s 1800s– Captain China, 1600s Captaine China, 1900s– Captain Cina. β. 1800s– Capitan China, 1800s– Kapitan China, 1900s– Capitan Cina, 1900s– Kapitan Cina, 1900s– Kapitein China. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly from a proper name, combined with an English element; partly modelled on a Malay lexical item. Partly also borrowing from Malay. Etymons: captain n., proper name China; Malay Kapitan Cina. Etymology: In α. forms < captain n. + the name of China (see China n.¹). In early use only with reference to Andrea Dittis (Lǐ Dàn), a Chinese trader in Japan, who was apparently in contact with the first Capitan China in the Dutch colony of Batavia (now Jakarta; compare the discussion by B. Hoetink in Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land-, en Volkenkunde van Nederlandsch-Indië 73 (1917) 354–6). In later use after Malay Kapitan Cina, itself apparently < Portuguese Capitão China , †Capitam China (16th cent.), used of the existing representative (shahbandar) of the Chinese community in Malacca (compare shahbandar n.); compare Malay kapitan captain, representative of an ethnic group ( < Portuguese capitão , †capitam captain, headman: see capitao n.). In β. forms partly remodelled after capitan n., and partly directly < Malay Kapitan Cina. Compare (probably after Portuguese) Dutch cappiteijn der Chineesen, literally ‘captain of the Chinese’ (1625; also earlier (of the same person) opperste der Chinesen, literally ‘highest-ranking of the Chinese’ (1620)), later Kapitein-Chinees (1741 or earlier). Compare also (after Dutch or Portuguese) Chinese (Hokkien) kap-pit-tan representative of an ethnic group (reflecting the pronunciation of the European term). Now chiefly historical. In various (former) European colonies in South-East Asia: (a title for) the headman or leader of the Chinese community, who acts as their representative in dealings between the community and the colonial government. ΚΠ 1613 J. Saris Jrnl. 29 June in Voy. Japan (1900) 94 This day Mr. Cocks writt me a letter, and sent aboard one Jasper, a Fleming..who had abused the Captain China verye grocely. 1809 Asiatic Ann. Reg. 1807 9 170/2 The pepper plant was first introduced into the island from Acheen, by the then captain China Che Kay. 1881 Daily News 17 Oct. 5/3 At Kwala Lumpor, the ‘Capitan China’, Ah Loi..entertained the Governor at a banquet in a hall which he had erected for the occasion. 1908 W. A. Graham Kelantan vi. 28 Here beneath the benevolent sway of the Captain China some 1000 Chinese live. 1952 Times 15 Oct. 5 The Duchess was met by Sir Anthony Abell, the Governor, and local dignitaries, including the Capitan China, the leader of the Chinese community here [sc. Sarawak]. 1992 L. Y. Andaya in N. Tarling Cambr. Hist. S.E. Asia II. vi. 349 The office of Kapitan China was created by the Dutch in 1619 to administer the Chinese population. 2006 C. A. Trocki Singapore ii. 43 In the 1840s, Seah married the daughter of Tan Ah Hun, the Teochew Capitan China of Perak. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1613
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