cannonballn.adj.

Brit.

/ˈkanənbɔːl/, U.S.

/ˈkænənˌbɔl/,

/ˈkænənˌbɑl/

Forms: see cannon n.¹ and ball n.¹

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; originally modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: cannon n.¹, ball n.¹

Etymology: < cannon n.¹ + ball n.¹, originally after Middle French, French balle de canon (1593 or earlier).

A. n.

1. A heavy round projectile, usually of stone or iron, designed to be fired from a cannon. Formerly also: †such projectiles collectively (obsolete). Now chiefly historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > ammunition for firearms > [noun] > bullet or ball > cannonball

stone of iron1511

bullet1557

bombard1575

round shot1576

cannonball1606

pill1618

shot1622

bumbass1663

round1707

thunder-stone1822

bolt1871

nigger baby1872

1606 R. Chambers tr. P. Numan Miracles lately Wrought 225 A canon ball [Fr. vne balle de Canon] beeing shott from the town caried away with it a great peece of wood.

1663 S. Butler Hudibras: First Pt. i. ii. 138 Heavy brunt of Cannon-ball.

1704 London Gaz. No. 4077/2 Colonel Fox was killed with a Cannon-Ball.

1778 Ld. Stirling Let. 30 Dec. in G. Washington Papers (2008) Revolutionary War Ser. VIII. 538 It may be necessary to have a large Quantity of Cannon Ball cast for the Use of the Army and Navy.

1848 W. K. Kelly tr. L. Blanc Hist. Ten Years II. 265 Being battered down with cannon balls.

1891 Sci. Amer. 2 May 276/3 The cannon ball shot into the air shows energy of motion at its ascent.

1920 Science 17 Sept. 273/1 He [sc. Galileo] also dropped a cannon ball and a musket ball and on reaching the ground the cannon ball was a palm ahead.

1963 Leatherneck Sept. 52/1 A Union general's leg bone which was crushed by a 12-pound cannon ball at the battle of Gettysburg.

2017 Independent (Nexis) 15 July Workers at a building site in Quebec posed next to a centuries-old cannonball without realising it was full of live gunpowder.

†2. Politics. A nickname for: a member of a group of 53 British protectionist politicians who on 26 November 1852 voted in parliament against free trade. Chiefly in plural. Obsolete.So named from the obstinate hard-headedness of the group: see quot. 1852.

ΚΠ

1852 Times 29 Nov. 4/3 There is still a residuum of 53 members, who are probably at this moment the most insoluble substance on the face of the earth. We have only heard of one article at all likely to compete with them in stubborn inutility... A lot of old iron cannon-balls.]

1854 Fraser's Mag. Jan. 121/2 The fifty ‘cannon balls’ voted safely under cover of a majority.

1858 Sat. Rev. 30 Oct. 413/2 The amendment..which sealed for ever the fate of Protection, was carried [in 1852] with only fifty dissentient voices—the celebrated ‘cannon-balls’.

1906 Ld. Stanmore Sidney Herbert I. vi. 166 Fifty bigoted Protectionists, who went at the time by the name of ‘the Cannon Balls’, an allusion to certain old iron shot of singular hardness.

3. U.S. A name for: a fast or express train. Frequently attributive.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > rail travel > rolling stock > [noun] > train > fast train

fast train1837

cannonball1880

hotshot1922

1880 Clark County (Marshall, Illinois) Herald 8 June The cannon ball train was fifty minutes late on Friday evening last.

1890 Cedar Rapids (Iowa) Evening Gaz. 28 Oct. Mr. and Mrs. C. G. Hibbard..left on the Cannonball at 11 o'clock last night.

1940 Railroad Mag. Apr. 40/1 Jones..was promoted to engineer on Illinois Central in 1890, pulling the Chicago-New Orleans Cannonball Express.

1999 Trains (Electronic ed.) July 66 He rode home at night on the Cannonball, unofficial name for the Milwaukee-to-Watertown commuter run.

2015 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 22 Aug. a18 They all wanted the same thing: a seat on the Cannonball train to Montauk, the fastest route out of Manhattan to the Hamptons.

4. Chiefly North American. A jump into water in which the knees are drawn up and clasped tightly to the chest, typically with the aim of making as big a splash as possible. More fully (and earliest) in cannonball dive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > [noun] > diving into water > specific manner

belly flop1895

belly flopper1895

swallow dive1898

swallow-diving1898

swan dive1898

swallow1902

cannonball1905

jackknife1906

honeypot1941

belly-flopping1948

1905 Health Dec. 443/1 Cannon-Ball Dive. Take a good run, jump high,..then double up and hold that position.

1931 Swimming & Water Safety (Boy Scouts of Amer.) ix. 226 Stunt and comic diving... ‘Cannon ball’—spring high into air from board, grasp knees to chest and drop into water with big splash.

1984 Nutshell (Gainesville, Florida) Spring 34/2 They were doing cannonballs off the board to see who could displace the most water.

2004 Toronto Star (Nexis) 21 Jan. b5 He would be doing cannonballs into the pool with his four- and five-year-old grandkids when he was 70.

B. adj.

Chiefly Sport. Designating something, esp. the delivery of a ball, which has rapid powerful motion.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of play, actions, or postures > [adjective] > other actions or types of play

short1545

standing1728

unpenetrative1795

loose1802

scratched1869

cannonball1872

scratchy1881

punishable1910

wrong-footing1928

open1934

overhead1938

power1959

run-and-gun1960

tight1961

1872 Sat. Rev. 13 July 48/1 Yet it is doubtful whether there is not as much real peril in the playground, in the modern style of cricket, with cannon-ball bowling, or in foot-ball in the approved Rugby fashion.

1915 St. Nicholas Mag. Sept. 1014/2 The pitcher..made a cannon-ball throw to first.

1927 Amer. Mercury Nov. 341/1 Cannonball stages that hurtled over the plains to Cheyenne and Sidney.

1966 V. Nabokov Speak, Memory (U.S. rev. ed.) ii. 42 A first-rate player, with a cannonball service.

1983 Observer 27 Mar. 42/7 His cannon ball smashes at acute angles was [sic] a feature of his breaking down the defence of Padukone.

2001 Times 17 Dec. i. (Sports Daily section) 1/2 The Liverpool goalkeeper had flung himself at a cannonball shot from Hasselbaink.

Compounds

cannonball bed n. North American a bed with an ornamental ball on the top of each bedpost.

ΚΠ

1954 N.Y. Times 3 Oct. (caption) For the bedroom—the new Deerfield Cannon Ball Bed.

1979 Washington Post (Nexis) 28 Dec. a1 The bed-ends of the Cannonball bed.

2007 Old-house Interiors July 18/3 The cannonball bed that current owner Alfred Audi slept in as a child.

cannonball fruit n. the large spherical hard-shelled fruit of the cannonball tree.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > non-British trees or shrubs > South American and West Indian trees or shrubs > [noun] > cannon-ball tree or fruit

cannonball tree1832

cannonball fruit1866

1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. I. 342 The Cannon-ball fruit: its shell is used as a drinking vessel, and its pulp when fresh is of an agreeable flavour.

1924 Cannon-ball Tree (Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Chicago) 4 Although the cannon-ball fruit, in spite of the name, never functions as a projectile, the Brazil-nut fruits, are dreaded as bombs.

2008 Jrnl. Torrey Bot. Soc. 135 201/1 Sulfur compounds..also contribute to the infamously unpleasant aroma of the cannonball or ‘abricó-de-macaco’ fruit, Couroupita guianensis Aubl.

cannonball tree n. [so called with reference to the size and shape of its fruit] a deciduous tree, native to Central and South American rainforests, Couroupita guianensis (family Lecythidaceae), which bears fragrant flowers followed by large spherical fruits with a hard shell and an unpleasant odour.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > non-British trees or shrubs > South American and West Indian trees or shrubs > [noun] > cannon-ball tree or fruit

cannonball tree1832

cannonball fruit1866

1832 Curtis's Bot. Mag. 59 3158, 3159 (heading) Couroupita Guianensis. Guiana Couroupita, or Cannon-ball Tree.

1901 N. A. Lindsey Cruising in Madiana ix. 121 There are strange forms of vegetation: the cork tree, the cannonball tree, with huge fruits that do not belie its name.

2012 Press (Christchurch, N.Z.) (Nexis) 19 May 32 The cannonball tree, Couroupita guianensis, from South America, is compellingly strange.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

cannonballv.

Brit.

/ˈkanənbɔːl/, U.S.

/ˈkænənˌbɔl/,

/ˈkænənˌbɑl/

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: cannonball n.

Etymology: < cannonball n.

a. intransitive. To move or progress very rapidly. Often with into, up, etc.

ΚΠ

1899 Age of Steel 2 Dec. 29/2 They cannon-balled to Chicago and in less than another week arrangements were practically consummated for the giant consolidation known as the American Steel and Wire.

1906 Boston Sunday Globe 7 Oct. 2/4 Until Tracy cannon-balled into the crowd, the spectators absolutely refused to give the contestants a clear course.

1936 V. McHugh Caleb Catlum's Amer. xii. 89 Two-three minutes later we come cannonballing onto Pennsylvania Avenue in Washington.

1961 Aiken (S. Carolina) Standard & Rev. 9 Aug. 1/7 The parachute carrying a three-quarter ton truck..failed to open and the truck cannonballed 1200 feet to earth.

1989 N. Cave And Ass saw Angel i. vii. 53 A flurry of canine limbs cannonballing up the slope toward the corral.

2013 L. Miller Parallel iv. 104 This is what happens when I don't have a plan. I cannonball into disaster.

b. transitive. Chiefly Sport. To propel rapidly and powerfully.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of play, actions, or postures > [verb (transitive)] > other actions or types of play

outshoot1545

football1599

pitch1717

make1819

to warm up1868

to draw out1893

bench1898

foot1900

cover1907

cannonball1911

telegraph1913

unsight1923

snap1951

to sit out1955

pike1956

to sit down1956

wrong-foot1960

blindside1968

sit1977

1911 Indianapolis Star 4 Dec. 8/6 If I had come in on those bunts fast enough to throw him out, it's 10 to 1 he'd have cannon-balled one at me.

1947 Portland (Maine) Press Herald 15 Oct. 16/3 In the opening set Cochel cannon-balled his returns into Parker's feet.

1962 New Castle (Pa.) News 25 Jan. 5/6 An engineer cannonballed his train with 25 relatives and friends across the border.

1988 Football Today Nov. 40/1 Strange and Bradford set up Rimmer to ‘cannonball’ England's fifth past a stranded John Harkness in 57 minutes.

2006 Daily Yomiuri (Tokyo) (Nexis) 16 Apr. 24 Matsuda's goal..was arguably the best of his career, the 2002 World Cup defender cannonballing one home from 25 meters.

2. intransitive. Chiefly North American. To perform a cannonball dive. Often with down, into, etc. Cf. cannonball n. 4.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > move downwards [verb (intransitive)] > dive into water > specific manner

swan-dive1912

cannonball1951

swallow-dive1971

1951 Evening Capital (Annapolis, Maryland) 4 June 3/1 Mike Monaghan..was..treated for a fractured left leg. Woodland Beach firemen said he ‘cannon-balled’ off a pier into two feet of water.

1977 C. Hall Lightly x. 85 With a good jump he cannonballed into the cove.

1991 R. R. McCammon Boy's Life ii. i. 107 Then he closed his arms over his belly and pulled his knees up tightly and he whooped as he cannonballed down.

2005 Toronto Star (Nexis) 1 Dec. k1 The tubes are jettisoned and everyone is swimming, cannonballing and giggling helplessly.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2018; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	cannonball
释义	cannonballn.adj. Brit. /ˈkanənbɔːl/, U.S. /ˈkænənˌbɔl/, /ˈkænənˌbɑl/ Forms: see cannon n.¹ and ball n.¹ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; originally modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: cannon n.¹, ball n.¹ Etymology: < cannon n.¹ + ball n.¹, originally after Middle French, French balle de canon (1593 or earlier). A. n. 1. A heavy round projectile, usually of stone or iron, designed to be fired from a cannon. Formerly also: †such projectiles collectively (obsolete). Now chiefly historical. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > ammunition for firearms > [noun] > bullet or ball > cannonball stone of iron1511 bullet1557 bombard1575 round shot1576 cannonball1606 pill1618 shot1622 bumbass1663 round1707 thunder-stone1822 bolt1871 nigger baby1872 1606 R. Chambers tr. P. Numan Miracles lately Wrought 225 A canon ball [Fr. vne balle de Canon] beeing shott from the town caried away with it a great peece of wood. 1663 S. Butler Hudibras: First Pt. i. ii. 138 Heavy brunt of Cannon-ball. 1704 London Gaz. No. 4077/2 Colonel Fox was killed with a Cannon-Ball. 1778 Ld. Stirling Let. 30 Dec. in G. Washington Papers (2008) Revolutionary War Ser. VIII. 538 It may be necessary to have a large Quantity of Cannon Ball cast for the Use of the Army and Navy. 1848 W. K. Kelly tr. L. Blanc Hist. Ten Years II. 265 Being battered down with cannon balls. 1891 Sci. Amer. 2 May 276/3 The cannon ball shot into the air shows energy of motion at its ascent. 1920 Science 17 Sept. 273/1 He [sc. Galileo] also dropped a cannon ball and a musket ball and on reaching the ground the cannon ball was a palm ahead. 1963 Leatherneck Sept. 52/1 A Union general's leg bone which was crushed by a 12-pound cannon ball at the battle of Gettysburg. 2017 Independent (Nexis) 15 July Workers at a building site in Quebec posed next to a centuries-old cannonball without realising it was full of live gunpowder. †2. Politics. A nickname for: a member of a group of 53 British protectionist politicians who on 26 November 1852 voted in parliament against free trade. Chiefly in plural. Obsolete.So named from the obstinate hard-headedness of the group: see quot. 1852. ΚΠ 1852 Times 29 Nov. 4/3 There is still a residuum of 53 members, who are probably at this moment the most insoluble substance on the face of the earth. We have only heard of one article at all likely to compete with them in stubborn inutility... A lot of old iron cannon-balls.] 1854 Fraser's Mag. Jan. 121/2 The fifty ‘cannon balls’ voted safely under cover of a majority. 1858 Sat. Rev. 30 Oct. 413/2 The amendment..which sealed for ever the fate of Protection, was carried [in 1852] with only fifty dissentient voices—the celebrated ‘cannon-balls’. 1906 Ld. Stanmore Sidney Herbert I. vi. 166 Fifty bigoted Protectionists, who went at the time by the name of ‘the Cannon Balls’, an allusion to certain old iron shot of singular hardness. 3. U.S. A name for: a fast or express train. Frequently attributive. ΘΚΠ society > travel > rail travel > rolling stock > [noun] > train > fast train fast train1837 cannonball1880 hotshot1922 1880 Clark County (Marshall, Illinois) Herald 8 June The cannon ball train was fifty minutes late on Friday evening last. 1890 Cedar Rapids (Iowa) Evening Gaz. 28 Oct. Mr. and Mrs. C. G. Hibbard..left on the Cannonball at 11 o'clock last night. 1940 Railroad Mag. Apr. 40/1 Jones..was promoted to engineer on Illinois Central in 1890, pulling the Chicago-New Orleans Cannonball Express. 1999 Trains (Electronic ed.) July 66 He rode home at night on the Cannonball, unofficial name for the Milwaukee-to-Watertown commuter run. 2015 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 22 Aug. a18 They all wanted the same thing: a seat on the Cannonball train to Montauk, the fastest route out of Manhattan to the Hamptons. 4. Chiefly North American. A jump into water in which the knees are drawn up and clasped tightly to the chest, typically with the aim of making as big a splash as possible. More fully (and earliest) in cannonball dive. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > [noun] > diving into water > specific manner belly flop1895 belly flopper1895 swallow dive1898 swallow-diving1898 swan dive1898 swallow1902 cannonball1905 jackknife1906 honeypot1941 belly-flopping1948 1905 Health Dec. 443/1 Cannon-Ball Dive. Take a good run, jump high,..then double up and hold that position. 1931 Swimming & Water Safety (Boy Scouts of Amer.) ix. 226 Stunt and comic diving... ‘Cannon ball’—spring high into air from board, grasp knees to chest and drop into water with big splash. 1984 Nutshell (Gainesville, Florida) Spring 34/2 They were doing cannonballs off the board to see who could displace the most water. 2004 Toronto Star (Nexis) 21 Jan. b5 He would be doing cannonballs into the pool with his four- and five-year-old grandkids when he was 70. B. adj. Chiefly Sport. Designating something, esp. the delivery of a ball, which has rapid powerful motion. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of play, actions, or postures > [adjective] > other actions or types of play short1545 standing1728 unpenetrative1795 loose1802 scratched1869 cannonball1872 scratchy1881 punishable1910 wrong-footing1928 open1934 overhead1938 power1959 run-and-gun1960 tight1961 1872 Sat. Rev. 13 July 48/1 Yet it is doubtful whether there is not as much real peril in the playground, in the modern style of cricket, with cannon-ball bowling, or in foot-ball in the approved Rugby fashion. 1915 St. Nicholas Mag. Sept. 1014/2 The pitcher..made a cannon-ball throw to first. 1927 Amer. Mercury Nov. 341/1 Cannonball stages that hurtled over the plains to Cheyenne and Sidney. 1966 V. Nabokov Speak, Memory (U.S. rev. ed.) ii. 42 A first-rate player, with a cannonball service. 1983 Observer 27 Mar. 42/7 His cannon ball smashes at acute angles was [sic] a feature of his breaking down the defence of Padukone. 2001 Times 17 Dec. i. (Sports Daily section) 1/2 The Liverpool goalkeeper had flung himself at a cannonball shot from Hasselbaink. Compounds cannonball bed n. North American a bed with an ornamental ball on the top of each bedpost. ΚΠ 1954 N.Y. Times 3 Oct. (caption) For the bedroom—the new Deerfield Cannon Ball Bed. 1979 Washington Post (Nexis) 28 Dec. a1 The bed-ends of the Cannonball bed. 2007 Old-house Interiors July 18/3 The cannonball bed that current owner Alfred Audi slept in as a child. cannonball fruit n. the large spherical hard-shelled fruit of the cannonball tree. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > non-British trees or shrubs > South American and West Indian trees or shrubs > [noun] > cannon-ball tree or fruit cannonball tree1832 cannonball fruit1866 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. I. 342 The Cannon-ball fruit: its shell is used as a drinking vessel, and its pulp when fresh is of an agreeable flavour. 1924 Cannon-ball Tree (Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Chicago) 4 Although the cannon-ball fruit, in spite of the name, never functions as a projectile, the Brazil-nut fruits, are dreaded as bombs. 2008 Jrnl. Torrey Bot. Soc. 135 201/1 Sulfur compounds..also contribute to the infamously unpleasant aroma of the cannonball or ‘abricó-de-macaco’ fruit, Couroupita guianensis Aubl. cannonball tree n. [so called with reference to the size and shape of its fruit] a deciduous tree, native to Central and South American rainforests, Couroupita guianensis (family Lecythidaceae), which bears fragrant flowers followed by large spherical fruits with a hard shell and an unpleasant odour. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > non-British trees or shrubs > South American and West Indian trees or shrubs > [noun] > cannon-ball tree or fruit cannonball tree1832 cannonball fruit1866 1832 Curtis's Bot. Mag. 59 3158, 3159 (heading) Couroupita Guianensis. Guiana Couroupita, or Cannon-ball Tree. 1901 N. A. Lindsey Cruising in Madiana ix. 121 There are strange forms of vegetation: the cork tree, the cannonball tree, with huge fruits that do not belie its name. 2012 Press (Christchurch, N.Z.) (Nexis) 19 May 32 The cannonball tree, Couroupita guianensis, from South America, is compellingly strange. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022). cannonballv. Brit. /ˈkanənbɔːl/, U.S. /ˈkænənˌbɔl/, /ˈkænənˌbɑl/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: cannonball n. Etymology: < cannonball n. 1. a. intransitive. To move or progress very rapidly. Often with into, up, etc. ΚΠ 1899 Age of Steel 2 Dec. 29/2 They cannon-balled to Chicago and in less than another week arrangements were practically consummated for the giant consolidation known as the American Steel and Wire. 1906 Boston Sunday Globe 7 Oct. 2/4 Until Tracy cannon-balled into the crowd, the spectators absolutely refused to give the contestants a clear course. 1936 V. McHugh Caleb Catlum's Amer. xii. 89 Two-three minutes later we come cannonballing onto Pennsylvania Avenue in Washington. 1961 Aiken (S. Carolina) Standard & Rev. 9 Aug. 1/7 The parachute carrying a three-quarter ton truck..failed to open and the truck cannonballed 1200 feet to earth. 1989 N. Cave And Ass saw Angel i. vii. 53 A flurry of canine limbs cannonballing up the slope toward the corral. 2013 L. Miller Parallel iv. 104 This is what happens when I don't have a plan. I cannonball into disaster. b. transitive. Chiefly Sport. To propel rapidly and powerfully. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of play, actions, or postures > [verb (transitive)] > other actions or types of play outshoot1545 football1599 pitch1717 make1819 to warm up1868 to draw out1893 bench1898 foot1900 cover1907 cannonball1911 telegraph1913 unsight1923 snap1951 to sit out1955 pike1956 to sit down1956 wrong-foot1960 blindside1968 sit1977 1911 Indianapolis Star 4 Dec. 8/6 If I had come in on those bunts fast enough to throw him out, it's 10 to 1 he'd have cannon-balled one at me. 1947 Portland (Maine) Press Herald 15 Oct. 16/3 In the opening set Cochel cannon-balled his returns into Parker's feet. 1962 New Castle (Pa.) News 25 Jan. 5/6 An engineer cannonballed his train with 25 relatives and friends across the border. 1988 Football Today Nov. 40/1 Strange and Bradford set up Rimmer to ‘cannonball’ England's fifth past a stranded John Harkness in 57 minutes. 2006 Daily Yomiuri (Tokyo) (Nexis) 16 Apr. 24 Matsuda's goal..was arguably the best of his career, the 2002 World Cup defender cannonballing one home from 25 meters. 2. intransitive. Chiefly North American. To perform a cannonball dive. Often with down, into, etc. Cf. cannonball n. 4. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > move downwards [verb (intransitive)] > dive into water > specific manner swan-dive1912 cannonball1951 swallow-dive1971 1951 Evening Capital (Annapolis, Maryland) 4 June 3/1 Mike Monaghan..was..treated for a fractured left leg. Woodland Beach firemen said he ‘cannon-balled’ off a pier into two feet of water. 1977 C. Hall Lightly x. 85 With a good jump he cannonballed into the cove. 1991 R. R. McCammon Boy's Life ii. i. 107 Then he closed his arms over his belly and pulled his knees up tightly and he whooped as he cannonballed down. 2005 Toronto Star (Nexis) 1 Dec. k1 The tubes are jettisoned and everyone is swimming, cannonballing and giggling helplessly. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2018; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.adj.1606v.1899
随便看	plenipoes plenipoing plenipos plenipotence plenipotences plenipotencies plenipotency plenipotent plenipotential plenipotentiality plenipotentiarian plenipotentiaries plenipotentiarily plenipotentiarize plenipotentiary plenipotentiaryship plenipower plenish plenished plenishes plenishing plenishing-wain plenishings plenishingwain plenishment