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单词 yknow
释义

† yknowv.

Forms: 1. Present stem. a. Infinitive Old English gecnæwan (rare), Old English gecnawan, late Old English gecnwawan (transmission error), early Middle English ȝecnawe, early Middle English ȝecnoue, early Middle English ȝecnowe, early Middle English ȝecwafan (in copy of Old English charter, transmission error), early Middle English ȝecwawen (transmission error), Middle English icnawe, Middle English icnowe, Middle English iknauwe, Middle English iknawe, Middle English iknow, Middle English iknowe, Middle English yknawe, Middle English yknowe. b. 3rd singular indicative early Old English gecnæð, Old English gecnæwþ, Old English gecnæwð, Old English gecnawað (rare), Old English gecnaweð, late Old English gecnæweþ, late Old English gecnæweð, late Old English gecnawð, late Old English gecwæwð (transmission error), early Middle English icnauð, early Middle English icnaweð, early Middle English icnoweð, early Middle English icwoweð (transmission error), early Middle English iknoweþ, early Middle English iknoweð, early Middle English iknoweth, early Middle English yknauþ. 2. Past tense. early Old English gecniowon (plural indicative), Old English gecneow, Old English gecneowon (plural indicative), Old English gecneowun (plural indicative), Old English gecnew (rare), Old English gecnewon (plural indicative, rare), Old English gecnewun (plural indicative, rare), late Old English geccneow, late Old English gecneowan (plural indicative), late Old English gecneowen (plural indicative), late Old English gecniwen (plural indicative), late Old English gecweowe (singular subjunctive, transmission error), early Middle English ȝecnew, early Middle English icneo, early Middle English icneou, early Middle English icneow, early Middle English icneu, early Middle English icnew, early Middle English icnou (perhaps transmission error), early Middle English icnwo (perhaps transmission error), early Middle English ikneow, early Middle English ikneuȝh, early Middle English iknev, early Middle English iknevȝ, early Middle English iknew, early Middle English iqneu, Middle English ikneu, Middle English ikneuȝ, Middle English iknewe, Middle English yknewe; N.E.D. (1901) also records a form early Middle English ȝicneow. 3. Past participle.

α. Old English gecnawen, early Middle English ȝecnowe, early Middle English ichnowe (perhaps transmission error), early Middle English icnawan, early Middle English icuowe (transmission error), early Middle English iknewe, early Middle English iknoawen, Middle English icnawe, Middle English icnawen, Middle English icnowe, Middle English icnowen, Middle English iknawe, Middle English iknawen, Middle English iknow, Middle English iknowe, Middle English iknowen, Middle English ycnowen (in a late copy), Middle English yknawe, Middle English yknow, Middle English yknowe, Middle English yknowen.

β. early Middle English ycnowed.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: y- prefix, know v.
Etymology: < y- prefix + know v.It is unclear whether Old English and Middle English prefixed past participle forms represent the prefixed or the unprefixed verb, i.e. know v. or yknow v., as formally they may belong to either. For this reason all Old English and Middle English prefixed past participle forms have been repeated in the Forms sections of both entries. For the principle governing the assignment of such examples to senses see discussion at know v. With the early Middle English past participle iknewe (in beon iknewe to acknowledge, admit), compare discussion of Middle English present-stem forms with -e- , -eo- , -eu- at know v., and perhaps also Old English gecnǣwe , adjective (see knows adj.).
Obsolete.
I. Senses relating to recognition, knowledge, acknowledgement, and related uses.
1. transitive. To recognize, identify, distinguish; = know v. 1a, 1b.
ΘΠ
the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > recognition > recognize, acknowledge [verb (transitive)]
acknowOE
anyeteOE
i-kenc1000
yknowOE
yknowOE
knowOE
seeOE
kenc1275
knowledgec1330
to take knowledge ofa1400
perceive1549
agnize1568
reknowledge1611
recognize1725
reconnoitre1729
identify1746
recognizate1799
OE Beowulf (2008) 2047 Meaht ðu, min wine, mece gecnawan, þone þin fæder to gefeohte bær?
OE Old Eng. Hexateuch: Gen. (Claud.) xxvii. 12 Gyf min fæder me handlað & me gecnæwð [L. senserit], ic ondræde þæt he wene þæt ic hyne wylle beswican.
OE Old Eng. Hexateuch: Gen. (Claud.) xxxviii. 26 Þa he þa lac gecneow [L. agnitis muneribus].
?a1200 (?OE) Peri Didaxeon (1896) 39 Þu miht þa adle ȝecnawa.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 15380 Þa wuste he to soðe þat his suster icneou hine.
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 82 (MED) Hi ne conne yknawe þane day uram þe nyȝt.
a1400 (a1325) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Trin. Cambr.) (1887) App. H. 806 Ich ne dar þat þe folc yhure þat ich yknowe [?a1425 Digby knowe] þe.
a1450 Generides (Pierpont Morgan) (1865) l. 6737 If ye can me tech Hou I may I-know him.
?a1450 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (BL Add. 12056) (1894) 52 (MED) Þilke veyne þou schalt y-knowe ȝif þat þou knowist plenerlyche Anotamye.
2. transitive. To take notice of, regard; = know v. 2.
ΘΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > care, protection, or charge > care for, protect, or have charge of [verb (transitive)] > take care of or look after
yknowOE
knowlOE
to care forc1230
bihedec1250
beseec1300
to look to ——c1300
seea1325
await1393
observea1425
procurea1425
to look after ——1487
to take (also have) regard to (or of)a1500
regard1526
to see after ——1544
to look unto ——1545
attendc1572
to take care of1579
curea1618
tend1631
to look over ——1670
OE Vercelli Homilies (1992) iv. 91 Þær beoð ure hrægla frætwednesse & ures lichoman glengo on þone ungeendodan cyle gehwyrfed þam þe her þam nacodan menn wrigelses forwyrneð & þone hrægleswædlan on Godes naman gecnawan nele.
OE Cambridge Psalter (1910) xxxvi. 18 Nouit dominus uias inmaculatorum : gecnæwð drihtyn wegas unwemra.
3. transitive. To acknowledge, recognize the authority of; = know v. 3.
ΘΠ
the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > recognition > recognize, acknowledge [verb (transitive)]
acknowOE
anyeteOE
i-kenc1000
yknowOE
yknowOE
knowOE
seeOE
kenc1275
knowledgec1330
to take knowledge ofa1400
perceive1549
agnize1568
reknowledge1611
recognize1725
reconnoitre1729
identify1746
recognizate1799
the mind > language > statement > acknowledgement or recognition > acknowledge or recognize [verb (transitive)]
yknowOE
knowc1175
yatec1175
knowledgec1225
vow1338
granta1387
kenc1400
admit1415
reknowledgec1450
acknowledge?1526
agnize1535
recognize1537
recognoscea1550
justify1600
granta1620
to take with ——a1653
recognizance1657
agnite1694
recognizate1799
OE Blickling Homilies 71 Ure Drihten..wæs to cinge ongyten & gehered, ge of cilda muþe gecnawen & weorþad.
lOE Homily: Evangelium de Virginibus (Corpus Cambr. 303) in H. L. C. Tristram Vier Altenglische Predigten aus der Heterodoxen Trad. (Ph.D. diss., Freiburg) (1970) 445 He anhof up his hand, and hi nolden hine geseon, ac gewændan heora ryg toweard him and nolden hine gecnawen, þæt he..heora sceppende wære.
c1175 ( Ælfric's Homily on Nativity of Christ (Bodl. 343) in A. O. Belfour 12th Cent. Homilies in MS Bodl. 343 (1909) 86 Eow is mucel neod þæt ȝe on eowre mode icnawæn þone lifiȝende God.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 13177 Ȝif he wolde bi-cumen mi mon & for lauerd me icnawen.
c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) l. 3995 (MED) Þou nelt him [sc. Lucius] iknowe [?a1425 Digby knowe] ne do þin seruage.
a1450 in C. Brown Relig. Lyrics 15th Cent. (1939) 141 (MED) We ben so vnkynde We nelyn hym [sc. Christ] nat yknowe.
4.
a. transitive. To confess, admit, own; = know v. 4a.
ΘΠ
the mind > language > statement > acceptance, reception, or admission > accept, receive, or admit [verb (transitive)]
yknowOE
knowc1175
takec1175
undergoc1315
receive1318
takea1333
allowc1350
accept1439
admitc1449
recognize1509
concedea1513
adhibit1542
allow1548
yieldc1571
acquiescatea1586
yield1590
gratify1662
OE Wærferð tr. Gregory Dialogues (Corpus Cambr.) (1900) ii. xii. 127 Hi gecneowon [OE Hatton oncneowon] sona ealla þa þing, þe hi sylfe ær dydon, & feollon forhtigende to his fotum & wæron andettende, þæt hi gegylt hæfdon.
lOE Salisbury Psalter l. 5 Iniquitatem meam ego cognosco, et peccatum meum contra me est semper : unrihwisnesse mine ic gecnawe & synne mine beforan me is æfre.
a1225 ( Rule St. Benet (Winteney) (1888) 23 Þænne heo hwæt godes geseicd on hire, gecnawe hit of Gode & næng of hyre sylfre.
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 315 Lichtliche & sweteliche for ȝeoueð ham hare gultes. hwen ha ham icnaweð & bihateð bote.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 12379 Ȝif þu wult icnawen [c1300 Otho icnowe] þat he is king ouer þe.
b. transitive (reflexive). = know v. 4c.
ΘΠ
the mind > language > statement > acknowledgement, avowal, or confession > acknowledge, avow, or confess [verb (reflexive)]
yknowOE
knowa1250
OE Rule St. Benet (Corpus Cambr.) 31 He hine sylfne scyldigne and forwyrhtne gecneow and þus geomriende clypude: Drihten, ne eom ic wyrðe, ic synfulla, þæt ic mine eagan to heofenum ahebbe.
c1225 (?c1200) St. Katherine (Royal) (1981) l. 131 Al ha i-cneowen [a1250 Titus cneowen] ham crauant & ouercumen.
a1250 Lofsong Lefdi (Nero) in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 205 (MED) Ich icnowe me gulti and creie þe leafdi merci.
c. transitive. In passive. = know v. 4b.
ΘΠ
the mind > language > statement > acknowledgement, avowal, or confession > acknowledge, avow, or confess [verb (passive)]
knowa1200
yknowa1225
a1225 (c1200) Vices & Virtues (1888) 21 (MED) Ðu..lardest ðat ic scolde bien icnawe of mine sennes.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 13193 Ȝif þu wulle icnawen [c1300 Otho icnowe] beo þat Arður is king ouer þe.
5. transitive. To perceive; = know v. 5. Also in figurative context.
ΘΠ
the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > perceive [verb (transitive)]
acknowOE
keepc1000
feelOE
findOE
seeOE
yknowc1275
apperceivec1300
descrivec1300
knowc1300
perceivec1330
taste1340
tellc1390
catcha1398
scenta1398
devisea1400
kena1400
concernc1425
descrya1450
henta1450
apprehend1577
scerne1590
to take in1637
discreevec1650
recognize1795
absorb1840
embrace1852
cognizea1856
cognosce1874
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 13235 Walwain icneo [c1300 Otho icneu] þene reme of þan Romanisce men.
c1330 (?a1300) Arthour & Merlin (Auch.) (1973) l. 9049 Ac Rion..dede him [sc. Bohort] tviis knely arawe And almast hadde him yslawe. Herui Riuel þis iknewe, King Bohortes harm him gan rewe.
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 201 (MED) He..heþ ylore þe eȝen of þe herte..zuo þet he ne may y-knawe his sseppere.
II. Senses relating to familiarity or acquaintance with.
6.
a. transitive. To be acquainted or familiar with; = know v. 6a. Also figurative of inanimate things.
ΘΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > knowledge, what is known > familiarity > know, be conversant with [verb (transitive)]
witc888
yknoweOE
witOE
canOE
knowOE
kenc1330
acquainta1393
quaint1509
understand1541
to summer and winter1602
possess1607
eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Hatton) (1871) i. 25 Ða woroldlecan læcas scomaþ ðæt hi onginnen ða wunda lacnian ðe hi gesion ne magon, & huru gif hi nouðer gecnawan ne cunnan ne ða medtrymnesse ne eac ða wyrta ðe ðærwið sculon.
OE West Saxon Gospels: John (Corpus Cambr.) x. 4 Þonne he his agene sceap læt ut he gæð beforan him, & þa sceap him fyligeað forþam þe hig gecnawað his stefne.
a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 49 (MED) Betre hit is þet mon ne iknawe noht þe wei to godalmihtin þe he hine icnawe and seodðe hine for-hoȝie.
a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 137 Hereword to habbene and beon iwurðeȝede fir and neor ðer þe heo icnawene beoð.
c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 358 If þou yknewe me ariȝt..þou noldest profry me no fiȝt.
?c1400 Erthe upon Erthe (St. John's Cambr.) st. 6 in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1919) 138 53 (MED) Þan may erthe erthe y-knawe.
b. transitive (reflexive). = know v. 6b.
ΘΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > knowledge, what is known > familiarity > self-knowledge > know oneself [verb (transitive)]
knowa1200
yknowa1250
a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Nero) (1952) 80 Sicnesse makeð mon to understonden hwat he is, & to i cnowen [?c1225 Cleo. to cnawen, c1230 Corpus Cambr. to cnawen] him suluen.
7.
a. transitive. To be personally acquainted with; = know v. 7a.
ΘΠ
the mind > emotion > love > friendliness > make friends with [verb (transitive)] > make acquaintance
yknowOE
knowc1175
strike1595
to get to knowa1622
OE Homily (Corpus Cambr. 41) in K. G. Schaefer Five Old Eng. Homilies (Ph.D. diss., Columbia Univ.) (1972) 123 Þa geeode him to se Malhcus þe he ær on dæg gewundode, þa cwæð se, Eart þu se Petrus se se me todægge wundodest? Hu, ne gecnawe ic þe full geare?
lOE Homily: Evangelium de Virginibus (Corpus Cambr. 303) in H. L. C. Tristram Vier Altenglische Predigten aus der Heterodoxen Trad. (Ph.D. diss., Freiburg) (1970) 444 Æt laste comon þa fif dysige mædena and þus wæren cweðende, Hlaford, hlaford, geopena us þas duru. Se brydgume heom andwyrde and cwæð, Soð ic eow secge, ne gecnawe ic eow.
a1300 Passion our Lord l. 283 in R. Morris Old Eng. Misc. (1872) 45 Peter þo onswerede: ne yknowe ich hyne nouht. Neuer er ich hyne ne yseyh.
a1350 (?c1225) King Horn (Harl.) (1901) l. 646 (MED) Ant ffykenyld bi is syde, þat fals wes ant vntrewe, whose him wel yknewe.
b. transitive. In passive. = know v. 7b. Also with of.
ΘΠ
the mind > emotion > love > friendliness > be friendly [verb] > be personally acquainted or on familiar terms
yknowc1225
knowc1400
to be fellow-well-met1858
c1225 (?c1200) St. Juliana (Bodl.) l. 139 (MED) Ne ich nes neuer þet ich wite ȝet wið him icnawen.
a1325 (c1280) Southern Passion (Pepys 2344) (1927) l. 1183 (MED) Of þe bisschop he was yknowe, whar-þorw he com wiþynne.
8. transitive. = know v. 8.
ΘΠ
the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual activity > engage in sexual activity with [verb (transitive)] > have sexual intercourse with
mingeOE
haveOE
knowc1175
ofliec1275
to lie with (or by)a1300
knowledgec1300
meetc1330
beliea1350
yknowc1350
touchc1384
deala1387
dightc1386
usea1387
takec1390
commona1400
to meet witha1400
servea1400
occupy?a1475
engender1483
jangle1488
to be busy with1525
to come in1530
visitc1540
niggle1567
mow1568
to mix one's thigh with1593
do1594
grind1598
pepper1600
yark1600
tumble1603
to taste of1607
compressc1611
jumble1611
mix?1614
consort?1615
tastea1616
bumfiddle1630
ingressa1631
sheet1637
carnal1643
night-work1654
bump1669
bumble1680
frig?c1680
fuck1707
stick1707
screw1719
soil1722
to do over1730
shag1770
hump1785
subagitatec1830
diddle1879
to give (someone) onec1882
charver1889
fuckeec1890
plugc1890
dick1892
to make a baby1911
to know (a person) in the biblical sense1912
jazz1920
rock1922
yentz1924
roll1926
to make love1927
shtupa1934
to give (or get) a tumble1934
shack1935
bang1937
to have it off1937
rump1937
tom1949
to hop into bed (with)1951
ball1955
to make it1957
plank1958
score1960
naughty1961
pull1965
pleasurea1967
to have away1968
to have off1968
dork1970
shaft1970
bonk1975
knob1984
boink1985
fand-
c1350 (a1333) William of Shoreham Poems (1902) 62 (MED) And þe tyme [for dissolving child marriages] is wane aþer can Oþer fleschlyche yknowe.
c1400 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Laud) (1952) l. 7042 (MED) Ne shal þere non oþer yknawe Bot it be by riȝth lawe.
III. Senses relating to being conversant with or understanding something.
9. transitive. To be conversant with; to be versed or skilled in; = know v. 10a.
ΘΠ
the mind > mental capacity > understanding > understand [verb (transitive)]
yknoweOE
acknowOE
anyeteOE
latchc1000
undernimc1000
understandc1000
underyetec1000
afindOE
knowOE
seeOE
onfangc1175
takec1175
underfindc1200
underfonga1300
undertakea1300
kenc1330
gripea1340
comprehend1340
comprendc1374
espyc1374
perceivea1387
to take for ——?1387
catcha1398
conceivea1398
intenda1400
overtakea1400
tenda1400
havec1405
henta1450
comprise1477
skilla1500
brook1548
apprend1567
compass1576
perstanda1577
endue1590
sound1592
engrasp1593
in1603
fathom1611
resent1614
receivea1616
to take up1617
apprehend1631
to take in1646
grasp1680
understumblec1681
forstand1682
savvy1686
overstand1699
uptake1726
nouse1779
twig1815
undercumstand1824
absorb1840
sense1844
undercumstumble1854
seize1855
intelligize1865
dig1935
read1956
eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Hatton) (1871) i. 29 Se ðe Godes bebodu ne gecnæwð, ne bið he oncnawen from Gode.
OE tr. Defensor Liber Scintillarum (1969) lxxviii. 404 Qui multa didicit enarrabit intellectum et qui non expertus est pauca recognoscit : se þe fela leornude he arecð andgyt & se þe nys afunden feawe he gecnæwð.
a1225 (c1200) Vices & Virtues (1888) 67 (MED) Mandata nosti, ȝecnoust þu godes bebodes.
10. To understand, apprehend, be aware of, in various constructions (corresponding to know v. 11).
a. transitive. With clause as object. = know v. 11a.
ΘΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > knowledge, what is known > have knowledge, know [verb (transitive)]
i-witec900
wit971
yknowOE
canOE
i-kenc1000
seeOE
yknowOE
understanda1131
knowlOE
can (or could) skillc1340
cona1387
havec1405
kyd1530
weeta1547
digest1549
wist1580
wis1606
savvy1686
sabe1850
OE Cynewulf Juliana 356 Þæt þu þy sweotolicor sylf gecnawe þæt þis is soð, nales leas.
c1175 ( Ælfric Homily (Bodl. 343) in S. Irvine Old Eng. Homilies (1993) 25 For þan ðe heo mihten icnawæn..þæt nan mon ne mihte makiȝen swylce tacnæ butan Gode sylfum.
a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 143 (MED) Ða biðohte heo on hire liflode and ȝe-cnew þat hie was lað gode and ladlich amang manne.
c1450 (c1350) Alexander & Dindimus (Bodl.) (1929) l. 1060 Ho so woneþ in þis word and wol nouh[t] yknowe Þat him is demed to deie.
c1475 (c1399) Mum & Sothsegger (Cambr. Ll.4.14) (1936) i. 92 Ȝoure conceill i-knewe ȝe come so at ones For to leue on her lore.
c1600 (?c1395) Pierce Ploughman's Crede (Trin. Cambr. R.3.15) (1873) l. 647 A-say of her sobernesse, & þou miȝt y-knowen Þer is no waspe in þis werlde þat will wilfullokr styngen.
b. transitive. With noun or noun phrase as object. = know v. 11f. Also occasionally intransitive.
Π
OE Cynewulf Elene 705 Þeah ic ær mid dysige þurhdrifen wære ond ðæt soð to late seolf gecneowe.
OE Wulfstan Sermo ad Anglos (Nero) (1957) 269 And þæs we habbað ealle þurh Godes yrre bysmor gelome, gecnawe se ðe cunne.
a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Nero) (1952) 52 Wreððe..ablendeð so þe heorte þet heo ne mei soð iknowen.
c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Franklin's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 179 Clerkes wol seyn..that al is for the beste Thogh I ne kan the causes nat yknowe.
a1450 St. Francis (Bodl.) l. 416 in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1889) 82 320 (MED) Wel he Ikneuȝ þe myrak[l]e þat he I-sey þer þo, &..þe tokene of þe passyon wel sone he ondirstood.
c. transitive. With indirect question as object. = know v. 11b.
ΘΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > knowledge, what is known > familiarity > know, be conversant with [verb (transitive)] > know how to
cuneOE
yknoweOE
canOE
knowa1250
eOE Metres of Boethius (partly from transcript of damaged MS) xix. 31 Þa dysegan sint on gedwolan wordene, efne swa blinde þæt hi on breostum ne magon eaðe gecnawan hwær þa ecan good, soða gesælða, sindon gehydda.
OE Homily: In Die Iudicii (Cleo. B.xiii) in A. S. Napier Wulfstan (1883) 189 Uton gecnawan, hu læne and hu lyðre þis lif is on to getruwianne.
a1225 (?c1175) Poema Morale (Egerton) 137 in J. Zupitza & J. Schipper Alt- u. Mitteleng. Übungsbuch (1904) 85 (MED) Litel he icnaweð [v.r. iknoweð] hwilc hete is ðer saule wuneð.
c1225 (?c1200) Hali Meiðhad (Bodl.) (1940) l. 325 (MED) Of þes þreo hat Meiðhad, & widewehad, & wedlac..þu mahte bi þe degrez of hare blisse icnawen hwuch, & bi hu muchel, þe an passeð þe oþre.
a1425 in C. Brown Relig. Lyrics 15th Cent. (1939) 268 (MED) Wol god þat alle suche had a marke..þat al men myȝt y-knowe how here hert & moȝt stent.
d. transitive. With anaphoric or cataphoric it or demonstrative pronoun = know v. 11d.
Π
OE Cynewulf Juliana 443 Ic þæt sylf gecneow to late micles.
OE Seven Sleepers (Julius) (1994) 53 Ða ne gecneow se portgerefa þara namena nan ðing þe he þær namode.
?c1250 (?c1175) Poema Morale (Egerton) l. 137 in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 292 Lutel he it icwoweð [read icnoweð] wilc hete is þer soule wunet, hu biter wind þer blouwet.
a1325 (c1280) Southern Passion (Pepys 2344) (1927) l. 1002 (MED) Her-after wel yknowe þis, Þat ich louye my ffader.
11. transitive. To have knowledge or information about, have ascertained; = know v. 14.
ΘΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > knowledge, what is known > have knowledge, know [verb (transitive)]
i-witec900
wit971
yknowOE
canOE
i-kenc1000
seeOE
yknowOE
understanda1131
knowlOE
can (or could) skillc1340
cona1387
havec1405
kyd1530
weeta1547
digest1549
wist1580
wis1606
savvy1686
sabe1850
OE Cambridge Psalter (1910) cxxxviii. 23 Proba me deus et scito cor meum; interroga me et cognosce semitas meas : fanda min god & wite þu heortan mine; ahsa me & gecnæw stige mine.
lOE St. Giles (Corpus Cambr. 303) (1980) 104 Eac þes ilce biscop gecneow his tocyme þurh þan halgan gaste.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 7788 He is ihaten Merlin, ne icnawe we na-wiðt his cunne.
a1300 in C. Brown Eng. Lyrics 13th Cent. (1932) 71 A swete, if þu iknowe þe gode þewes of þisse childe.
c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 358 (MED) If þou yknewe me ariȝt, my doynge & my creaunce, þou noldest profry me no fiȝt.
c1400 Prose Versions New Test.: Prol. (Selwyn) (1904) 6 (MED) Y rede þou ne huyde it noȝt from ous, þat fayn wolden y-knowen hem [sc. the mischiefs of the world] & amende oure lyfing.
12. transitive. To make known; = know v. 16.
ΘΠ
society > communication > information > intimation or making known > intimate or make known (something) [verb (transitive)]
speakc825
areadc885
meldeOE
sayOE
yknowa1225
warnc1275
bekena1300
wraya1300
signifyc1325
declarec1340
to speak outc1384
discuss1389
notifyc1390
bida1400
advertise1447
notice1447
detectc1465
render1481
minister1536
to set outa1540
summonc1540
intimate1548
acquaint1609
phrase1614
voice1629
denote1660
unlade1717
apprise1817
aira1902
a1225 (?OE) MS Vesp. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 235 (MED) Þas fif cheðen beoð fif lagan, for þan þe god is þurh þesen ȝecnowe.
c1250 in Englische Studien (1935) 70 239 (MED) He icnou þe tricherie of herrodes þe kinke.
c1400 Prose Versions New Test.: Col. (Selwyn) (1904) i. 27 (MED) Goode men, to whom God wolde y-knowe [L. notas facere] þe richesse of þe blisse of þis sacrement.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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v.eOE
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