Wiccan.

Brit.

/ˈwɪkə/, U.S.

/ˈwɪkə/

Forms: 1900s– Wica, 1900s– Wicca. Also with lower-case initial.

Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: English wicca.

Etymology: < Old English wicca (masculine) practitioner of witchcraft (see witch n. and the discussion at that entry), adopted by G. B. Gardner (compare quot. 1954 at sense 1) to imply continuity with pre-Christian religious practices of Anglo-Saxon England.The pronunciation with internal /k/ is apparently a spelling pronunciation, interpreting the Old English form according to modern spelling conventions; the Old English pronunciation is reflected by witch n. (compare the discussion at that entry). The form Wica (as originally used by Gardner) does not have an Old English model and may have been deliberately altered. In contrast to the uses shown at sense 1, Old English wicca is a singular form; the plural is wiccan . Sense 2 is not paralleled in Old English, but shows an independent semantic development of the modern word, probably via longer phrases used by Gardner; compare:1956 G. B. Gardner in Atti dell'VIII Congresso Internazionale di Storia delle Religioni, 1955 ii. 376 (heading) The religion of the Wica, commonly called witchcraft.

1. Chiefly historical. With plural agreement. Witches; practitioners of witchcraft. Now rare.Chiefly used in the context of claims that witches practised a form of pre-Christian paganism that secretly persisted into the modern era (see sense 2); these claims have not been widely accepted among scholars.

ΚΠ

1954 G. B. Gardner Witchcraft Today x. 102 These Wica generally work for good purposes and help those in trouble to the best of their ability.

1969 Other Scenes 1 July Since this column began, I've received several letters asking how one may know if they are of the Wicca.

1986 R. Buckland Compl. Bk. Witchcraft i. 3 To the people the Wicca were plenipotentiaries between them and the gods.

2. A modern pagan belief system that draws on pre-Christian religious history in its beliefs and rituals, typically involving the worship of nature deities and belief in the power of magic or witchcraft. Also: the movement associated with this. Many forms of Wicca trace their origin to ideas promoted in England by folklorist Margaret Murray and author Gerald B. Gardner during the early and mid 20th cent.In quot. 1967 the definition provided is incorrect. See discussion in etymology of Old English wicca.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > sect > non-Christian religions > other non-Christian sects > Wicca > [noun]

Wicca1969

1967 Sunday Home News (New Brunswick, New Jersey) 29 Oct. 31/4 It [sc. witchcraft] used to be called Wicca, an Anglo-Saxon word meaning ‘cult of the wise’.]

1969 Guardian 16 Apr. 4/8 Killip..had spoken to a number of people who had taken part in witchcraft ceremonies at the home of the [girl's] parents,..who regarded the ceremonies as a religion known as the Wicca.

1987 Insight 8 June 59/1 Though the origins of Wicca, or witchcraft, are disputed, its followers agree on their pursuit of harmony with nature and an enhanced spirituality.

2002 Kindred Spirit Spring 48/2 Sally Morningstar encourages us to work with the healing magic of love and the cycles of nature and the goddess. She teaches workshops in Wicca and natural magic.

2009 S. Cunningham Living Wicca v. 27 Though a physical initiation isn't necessary to practice Wicca, it is a ritual statement of one's allegiance to the Craft.

2020 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 23 June This..trend coexists with the impressive rise of alternative forms of devotion—from Wicca and astrology to mindfulness and SoulCycle.

Compounds

General use as a modifier, as in Wicca ceremony, Wicca movement, Wicca religion, etc.

ΚΠ

1970 Washington Post 10 May (Potomac section) 18/2 Buckland and his wife, attracted to the ‘wicca’ religion, became initiated Gardnerian witches.

1980 N.Y. Times 28 Sept. i. 26/1 Two local evangelists..found out a few days ago about the Wicca convention and witchcraft seminar.

1991 Sky Mag. Feb. 66/1 He did wed one of his regular girlfriends..in a Wicca ceremony..in which souls are fused on a karmic and cosmic plane, and death..does not part the lovers.

2004 A. Nevill Banquet for Damned (2008) xxiii. 195 The Wicca priest talks about an imbalance in the cycles of seasons.

2020 Sunday Times (Nexis) 12 July Gosden commends neopaganism and the Wicca movement for using ‘social media and apps that bring magical possibilities to younger audiences’.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2021; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	wicca
释义	Wiccan. Brit. /ˈwɪkə/, U.S. /ˈwɪkə/ Forms: 1900s– Wica, 1900s– Wicca. Also with lower-case initial. Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: English wicca. Etymology: < Old English wicca (masculine) practitioner of witchcraft (see witch n. and the discussion at that entry), adopted by G. B. Gardner (compare quot. 1954 at sense 1) to imply continuity with pre-Christian religious practices of Anglo-Saxon England.The pronunciation with internal /k/ is apparently a spelling pronunciation, interpreting the Old English form according to modern spelling conventions; the Old English pronunciation is reflected by witch n. (compare the discussion at that entry). The form Wica (as originally used by Gardner) does not have an Old English model and may have been deliberately altered. In contrast to the uses shown at sense 1, Old English wicca is a singular form; the plural is wiccan . Sense 2 is not paralleled in Old English, but shows an independent semantic development of the modern word, probably via longer phrases used by Gardner; compare:1956 G. B. Gardner in Atti dell'VIII Congresso Internazionale di Storia delle Religioni, 1955 ii. 376 (heading) The religion of the Wica, commonly called witchcraft. 1. Chiefly historical. With plural agreement. Witches; practitioners of witchcraft. Now rare.Chiefly used in the context of claims that witches practised a form of pre-Christian paganism that secretly persisted into the modern era (see sense 2); these claims have not been widely accepted among scholars. ΚΠ 1954 G. B. Gardner Witchcraft Today x. 102 These Wica generally work for good purposes and help those in trouble to the best of their ability. 1969 Other Scenes 1 July Since this column began, I've received several letters asking how one may know if they are of the Wicca. 1986 R. Buckland Compl. Bk. Witchcraft i. 3 To the people the Wicca were plenipotentiaries between them and the gods. 2. A modern pagan belief system that draws on pre-Christian religious history in its beliefs and rituals, typically involving the worship of nature deities and belief in the power of magic or witchcraft. Also: the movement associated with this. Many forms of Wicca trace their origin to ideas promoted in England by folklorist Margaret Murray and author Gerald B. Gardner during the early and mid 20th cent.In quot. 1967 the definition provided is incorrect. See discussion in etymology of Old English wicca. ΘΚΠ society > faith > sect > non-Christian religions > other non-Christian sects > Wicca > [noun] Wicca1969 1967 Sunday Home News (New Brunswick, New Jersey) 29 Oct. 31/4 It [sc. witchcraft] used to be called Wicca, an Anglo-Saxon word meaning ‘cult of the wise’.] 1969 Guardian 16 Apr. 4/8 Killip..had spoken to a number of people who had taken part in witchcraft ceremonies at the home of the [girl's] parents,..who regarded the ceremonies as a religion known as the Wicca. 1987 Insight 8 June 59/1 Though the origins of Wicca, or witchcraft, are disputed, its followers agree on their pursuit of harmony with nature and an enhanced spirituality. 2002 Kindred Spirit Spring 48/2 Sally Morningstar encourages us to work with the healing magic of love and the cycles of nature and the goddess. She teaches workshops in Wicca and natural magic. 2009 S. Cunningham Living Wicca v. 27 Though a physical initiation isn't necessary to practice Wicca, it is a ritual statement of one's allegiance to the Craft. 2020 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 23 June This..trend coexists with the impressive rise of alternative forms of devotion—from Wicca and astrology to mindfulness and SoulCycle. Compounds General use as a modifier, as in Wicca ceremony, Wicca movement, Wicca religion, etc. ΚΠ 1970 Washington Post 10 May (Potomac section) 18/2 Buckland and his wife, attracted to the ‘wicca’ religion, became initiated Gardnerian witches. 1980 N.Y. Times 28 Sept. i. 26/1 Two local evangelists..found out a few days ago about the Wicca convention and witchcraft seminar. 1991 Sky Mag. Feb. 66/1 He did wed one of his regular girlfriends..in a Wicca ceremony..in which souls are fused on a karmic and cosmic plane, and death..does not part the lovers. 2004 A. Nevill Banquet for Damned (2008) xxiii. 195 The Wicca priest talks about an imbalance in the cycles of seasons. 2020 Sunday Times (Nexis) 12 July Gosden commends neopaganism and the Wicca movement for using ‘social media and apps that bring magical possibilities to younger audiences’. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2021; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1954
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