trinitro-comb. form

Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly. Some degree of stress is always maintained on the second syllable. If the subsequent element is an existing word, it is likely to retain its original stress pattern, e.g. trinitro-cellulose n. Brit.

/trʌɪˌnʌɪtrə(ʊ)ˈsɛljᵿləʊs/,

/trʌɪˌnʌɪtrə(ʊ)ˈsɛljᵿləʊz/, U.S.

/traɪˌnaɪtroʊˈsɛljəˌloʊs/,

/traɪˌnaɪtroʊˈsɛljəˌloʊz/.

Inflections: before a vowel trinitr-.

Etymology: < tri- comb. form 3 + nitro- comb. form.

Chemistry.

1. A formative denoting that three nitro-groups, NO₂, have replaced three hydrogen atoms in the substance designated by the rest of the name, the nitrogen atoms being directly joined to carbon atoms; e.g. trinitrophenol n. or picric acid, C₆H₂(NO₂)₃(OH), in which three H atoms of phenol have been replaced by three NO₂ groups, the N atoms directly joined to three C atoms. So trinitrocresol n. C₆H(CH₃)(OH)(NO₂)₃, from cresol. trinitronaphthalene n. C₁₀H₅(NO₂)₃ from naphthalene, C₁₀H₈, etc. Also attributive, as tri-nitro carbolic acid.

ΚΠ

1851 Q. Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 3 75 A third compound is formed, in which 3 eq. of hydrogen are replaced by hyponitric acid: this is Trinitranisol.

1869 H. E. Roscoe Lessons Elem. Chem. (new ed.) xxxix. 381 Tri-nitro-phenol [1866, xxxix. 336 tri-nitro carbolic acid], or picric acid, is a bright yellow crystalline body.

2. In earlier nomenclature, trinitro- included cases in which the nitrogen atoms of the NO₂ groups were attached by oxygen atoms to the carbon atoms of the substance designated by the rest of the name; such compounds are now called trinitrates (see trinitrate n.); e.g. triˌnitroˈglycerin n. C₃H₅(O.NO₂)₃ (also trinitrin n.), now called glyceryl trinitrate. trinitro-cellulose n. or gun-cotton, a powerful explosive, considered to be {C₆H₇O₂(O.NO₂)₃}_x, derived from cellulose, {C₆H₁₀O₅}_x, by replacement of OH groups by O.NO₂ groups of nitric acid, HO.NO₂, the molecule being some unknown multiple of the formula. (See also quot. 1910.)

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > explosive material > [noun] > other specific explosives

powdera1393

gunpowder1411

saltpetre1501

petre1586

halinitre1608

sal-prunella1664

petre-salt1708

xyloidin1838

gun-cotton1846

pyroxyle1847

pyroxylin1847

pyroglycerin1850

xylidine1850

nitroglycerine1852

gun-sawdust1853

picrate1854

trinitroglycerin1864

nitroleum1866

trinitrin1866

dynamite1867

giant-powder1872

dualin1874

fulgurite1874

rendrock1874

glyoxilin1875

lithofracteur1875

trinitro-cellulose1875

white gunpowder1875

gelatin1878

cotton-powder1879

vigorite1879

blasting gelatine1881

Hercules powder1881

saxifragine1881

tonite1881

dynamogen1882

forcite1883

haloxylin1883

jelly powdera1884

nitro-gelatinea1884

panclastite1883

potentite1883

sebastinea1884

kolloxylin1884

hellhoffite1885

rackarock1885

securite1886

kinetite1887

roburite1887

carbo-dynamite1888

fortis1889

gelatine dynamite1889

gelignite1889

seranine1889

straw-dynamite1889

carbonite1890

amberite1891

nitro powder1892

Schnebelite1893

westfalite1894

thorite1899

soup1902

ammonal1903

cheddite1908

trinitrotoluene1908

Samsonite1909

tolite1909

trinitrotoluol1910

trotyl1910

glyceryl trinitrate1912

T.N.T.1915

nitro1916

amatol1918

cyclonite1923

hexogen1923

lox1923

pentaerythritol tetranitrate1923

hexite1931

aurantia1940

jelly1941

RDX1941

1864 Mills in Jrnl. Chem. Soc. XVII. 158 I prepared trinitro-glycerin for this purpose.

1866 H. E. Roscoe Lessons Elem. Chem. xxxvi. 316 If the nitric acid employed to act on glycerine be concentrated, a new compound called Trinitrine, or Trinitro-glycerine, is formed.

1875 H. C. Wood Treat. Therapeutics (1879) 589 The true explosive gun-cotton, that which is alone adapted for gunnery, is tri~nitrocellulose.

1897 Daily News 9 Feb. 7/4 Mr. Maxim..took the two most powerful smokeless explosives, nitro~glycerine and tri-nitro-cellulose. He mixed them by dissolving them in something which would dissolve both.

1910 A. J. Walker & O. E. Mott tr. A. F. Holleman Text-bk. Org. Chem. (ed. 3) 293 In the nitration of cellulose the final product is trinitro-oxy~cellulose..the formation of the trinitro-compound is accompanied by oxidation of the cellulose... (C₂₄H₄₀O₂₁)_x.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	trinitro-
释义	trinitro-comb. form Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly. Some degree of stress is always maintained on the second syllable. If the subsequent element is an existing word, it is likely to retain its original stress pattern, e.g. trinitro-cellulose n. Brit. /trʌɪˌnʌɪtrə(ʊ)ˈsɛljᵿləʊs/, /trʌɪˌnʌɪtrə(ʊ)ˈsɛljᵿləʊz/, U.S. /traɪˌnaɪtroʊˈsɛljəˌloʊs/, /traɪˌnaɪtroʊˈsɛljəˌloʊz/. Inflections: before a vowel trinitr-. Etymology: < tri- comb. form 3 + nitro- comb. form. Chemistry. 1. A formative denoting that three nitro-groups, NO₂, have replaced three hydrogen atoms in the substance designated by the rest of the name, the nitrogen atoms being directly joined to carbon atoms; e.g. trinitrophenol n. or picric acid, C₆H₂(NO₂)₃(OH), in which three H atoms of phenol have been replaced by three NO₂ groups, the N atoms directly joined to three C atoms. So trinitrocresol n. C₆H(CH₃)(OH)(NO₂)₃, from cresol. trinitronaphthalene n. C₁₀H₅(NO₂)₃ from naphthalene, C₁₀H₈, etc. Also attributive, as tri-nitro carbolic acid. ΚΠ 1851 Q. Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 3 75 A third compound is formed, in which 3 eq. of hydrogen are replaced by hyponitric acid: this is Trinitranisol. 1869 H. E. Roscoe Lessons Elem. Chem. (new ed.) xxxix. 381 Tri-nitro-phenol [1866, xxxix. 336 tri-nitro carbolic acid], or picric acid, is a bright yellow crystalline body. 2. In earlier nomenclature, trinitro- included cases in which the nitrogen atoms of the NO₂ groups were attached by oxygen atoms to the carbon atoms of the substance designated by the rest of the name; such compounds are now called trinitrates (see trinitrate n.); e.g. triˌnitroˈglycerin n. C₃H₅(O.NO₂)₃ (also trinitrin n.), now called glyceryl trinitrate. trinitro-cellulose n. or gun-cotton, a powerful explosive, considered to be {C₆H₇O₂(O.NO₂)₃}_x, derived from cellulose, {C₆H₁₀O₅}_x, by replacement of OH groups by O.NO₂ groups of nitric acid, HO.NO₂, the molecule being some unknown multiple of the formula. (See also quot. 1910.) ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > explosive material > [noun] > other specific explosives powdera1393 gunpowder1411 saltpetre1501 petre1586 halinitre1608 sal-prunella1664 petre-salt1708 xyloidin1838 gun-cotton1846 pyroxyle1847 pyroxylin1847 pyroglycerin1850 xylidine1850 nitroglycerine1852 gun-sawdust1853 picrate1854 trinitroglycerin1864 nitroleum1866 trinitrin1866 dynamite1867 giant-powder1872 dualin1874 fulgurite1874 rendrock1874 glyoxilin1875 lithofracteur1875 trinitro-cellulose1875 white gunpowder1875 gelatin1878 cotton-powder1879 vigorite1879 blasting gelatine1881 Hercules powder1881 saxifragine1881 tonite1881 dynamogen1882 forcite1883 haloxylin1883 jelly powdera1884 nitro-gelatinea1884 panclastite1883 potentite1883 sebastinea1884 kolloxylin1884 hellhoffite1885 rackarock1885 securite1886 kinetite1887 roburite1887 carbo-dynamite1888 fortis1889 gelatine dynamite1889 gelignite1889 seranine1889 straw-dynamite1889 carbonite1890 amberite1891 nitro powder1892 Schnebelite1893 westfalite1894 thorite1899 soup1902 ammonal1903 cheddite1908 trinitrotoluene1908 Samsonite1909 tolite1909 trinitrotoluol1910 trotyl1910 glyceryl trinitrate1912 T.N.T.1915 nitro1916 amatol1918 cyclonite1923 hexogen1923 lox1923 pentaerythritol tetranitrate1923 hexite1931 aurantia1940 jelly1941 RDX1941 1864 Mills in Jrnl. Chem. Soc. XVII. 158 I prepared trinitro-glycerin for this purpose. 1866 H. E. Roscoe Lessons Elem. Chem. xxxvi. 316 If the nitric acid employed to act on glycerine be concentrated, a new compound called Trinitrine, or Trinitro-glycerine, is formed. 1875 H. C. Wood Treat. Therapeutics (1879) 589 The true explosive gun-cotton, that which is alone adapted for gunnery, is tri~nitrocellulose. 1897 Daily News 9 Feb. 7/4 Mr. Maxim..took the two most powerful smokeless explosives, nitro~glycerine and tri-nitro-cellulose. He mixed them by dissolving them in something which would dissolve both. 1910 A. J. Walker & O. E. Mott tr. A. F. Holleman Text-bk. Org. Chem. (ed. 3) 293 In the nitration of cellulose the final product is trinitro-oxy~cellulose..the formation of the trinitro-compound is accompanied by oxidation of the cellulose... (C₂₄H₄₀O₂₁)_x. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < comb. form1851
随便看	θ32740 θ32741 θ32742 θ32743 θ24906 θ24907 θ24908 θ24909 θ2491 θ24910 θ24911 θ24912 θ24913 θ24914 θ24915 θ24916 θ24917 θ24918 θ24919 θ2492 θ24920 θ24921 θ24922 θ24923 θ24924