trebuchetn.

/ˈtrɛb(j)ᵿʃeɪ/

/ˈtrɛbəʃɛt/

Forms: α. Middle English trepejette, trepget, Middle English -eget, Middle English trepgett(e, trip-, trypgette, 1500s trepegett, trepegete, trepagete; β. Middle English tribochet, trebochet, treybochet; Middle English trebget ( trebgot); 1500s trabu-, 1600s trebuschet, (1700s–1800s trebucket), 1700s– trebuchet.

Etymology: In I, < Old French trebuchet , also trebuket , -busket , trabuchet (12th cent. in Godefroy) siege engine, bird-trap, modern French trébuchet trap, balance (= Provençal trabuquet , Spanish trabuquete , Italian trabocchetto , medieval Latin trā- , trēbuchētum , Du Cange), < Old French tre- , tres- , trabucher (11th cent.) to overturn, overthrow, stumble, fall, in medieval Latin trābuchāre : see trabuch n. The early α-forms (/trɛpɛˈdʒɛt/, etc.) are imitations of Old French trebuchet /trɛbuˈtʃɛt/. The word was obsolete in the 16th cent.; from 18th cent. historical and antiquarian. Sense 3 is from modern French In II, an application, in England, of medieval Latin trēbuchētum (see main sense), to the device known popularly from c1200 as cuck-stool, cucking-stool. The Latin form remained apparently as a legal term, rendered trebuchet in 17th cent. by the legal antiquaries. Compare 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Trebuchet, a pitfall for birds; a pit, with a trap doore, for wild beasts; also, a paire of gold weights; also, an old-fashioned Engine of wood, from which great, and battering stones were most violently throwne.

I. Something finely balanced, often for release.

1. A medieval military engine for casting heavy missiles. Historical.Described as consisting of a pivoted lever with a sling at one extremity, which was strained back against a heavy counterpoise, and then suddenly released. Cf. catapult n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > [noun] > ballista

ballistaeOE

ginc1325

mangonelc1325

springalc1330

ballistc1384

scorpionc1384

tormentc1384

trebuchet1388

fowler1420

dondainec1430

onagera1460

perrier1481

trabuch?1482

bricole1489

coillard1489

mouton1489

sambuca1489

martinet1523

racket1535

sling1535

brake1552

catapult1577

sweep1598

sling-dart1600

petrary1610

espringal1614

scorpion-bowa1629

swafe1688

sackbut1756

mangona1773

matafunda1773

lombard1838

1224 Close Roll 8 Hen. III m. 4 Facias usque Doura maeremium ad trubechetum nostrum faciendum.

1224 Close Roll 9 Hen. III m. 24, viij. Roellas ereas quas fieri fecistis at trubechettum nostrum.

1377 Rolls of Parl. III. 10/2 Un trebuchet outre ascun mesure qe l'en avoit unqes veeu.]

α. 1388 Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) 1 Macc. vi. 20 Thei maden arblastis, [gloss] ether trepeiettis, that is, an instrument for to caste schaftis, and stoonys.a1400 Coer de L. 5227 With trepeiettes they slungen alsoo.c1420 Brut 428 The Kynge..leid therto his grete Gounnys, Trepgettis and Engenys, and bete adowne the wallis.a1425 (?a1400) G. Chaucer Romaunt Rose 6279 Withoute strok it mot be take Of trepeget or mangonel.1520 Chron. Eng. vii. f. 145/1 Gonnes, Engynnes, and trypgettes [1482 trip-].1599 F. Thynne Animaduersions (1875) 41 ‘Trepegett’, yo^u expounde ‘a Ramme to batter walles’. But the trepegete was the same that the mogonell.1896 Eng. Hist. Rev. Apr. 357 Eustace the monk was taken, and Stephen of Winchelsea..gave him his choice of having his head cut off on the trapget or the bulwarks [rather of being hurled from the trapget or having his head cut off on the bulwarks].] β. a1400–50 Alexander 1296 With traumes & with tribochetis þe tild to asaile.c1400 Siege of Troy 838 in Archiv neu. Spr. LXXII. 33 An hundrid gynnys þer were vpset, Of Maungeneles and Treybochet.c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 501/1 Trebget, for werre (S. trepgette), trabucetum.1796 R. Southey Joan of Arc viii. 198 Who kneeling by the trebuchet, Charged its long sling with death.1825 W. Scott Betrothed viii, in Tales Crusaders I. 146 ‘Well done, trebuchet—well flown, quarrell!’ cried the monk.1885 C. Oman Art of War 57 The feeble siege-artillery of the day, perrieres, catapults, trebuchets, and so forth.

†2. A trap or gin to catch small birds or beasts. Obsolete. rare. (So in French from 14th cent.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > hunting > equipment > trap or snare > [noun]

grinc825

trapa1000

snarea1100

swikea1100

granea1250

springec1275

gina1300

gnarea1325

stringc1325

trebuchet1362

latch?a1366

leashc1374

snarlc1380

foot gina1382

foot-grina1382

traina1393

sinewa1400

snatcha1400

foot trapa1425

haucepyc1425

slingc1425

engine1481

swar1488

frame1509

brakea1529

fang1535

fall trap1570

spring1578

box-trapa1589

spring trapa1589

sprint1599

noosec1600

springle1602

springe1607

toil1607

plage1608

deadfall1631

puppy snatch1650

snickle1681

steel trap1735

figure (of) four1743

gun-trap1749

stamp1788

stell1801

springer1813

sprent1822

livetrap1823

snaphance1831

catch pole1838

twitch-up1841

basket-trap1866

pole trap1879

steel fall1895

tread-trap1952

conibear trap1957

conibear1958

1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. xii. 86 Þou tomblest wiþ a trepget ȝif þou my tras folwe.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 501/1 Trebget [pr. -got], sly instrument to take brydys or beestys (S. trepgette), tendicule.

3. A small delicately poised balance or pair of scales; an assay balance; a tilting scale. (So French)

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement by weighing > equipment for weighing > [noun] > a weighing apparatus > other weighing apparatus

poundereOE

auncel1298

baublea1425

shaft1429

poundrelc1450

peson1459

trebuchet1550

handsale1607

trolley-scale1909

1550 Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot. 105/1 Par de lie trabuschettis 15 sol.

1613 P. Forbes Comm. Rev. xviii. §6. 191 It is a hard thing to fall into the hands of the Lord: before whom all Nations are but as the droppe of a Bucket, or as the dust of a Trebuschet.

1871 M. C. Lea Man. Photogr. (ed. 2) 420 The French pattern of ‘trebuchet’, or tilting scale, now largely manufactured here.

1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Trebucket.

II. A ducking-stool, and related uses.

4. An instrument of punishment, = cucking-stool n.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > punishment > public or popular punishments > [noun] > stool or ducking-stool

cuck-stool1200

thewc1273

cucking-stoolc1308

stoolc1308

pining-stoolc1400

scolding stool1474

tumbrila1513

cuckle-stool1592

ducking-stool1597

gum-stool1623

trebucheta1641

gumble-stool1653

gogingstool1679

ducking tumbrel1688

c1200 Chron. of Jocelin de Brakelond (Camden) 38 Levaverunt homines de Illegga quoddam trebuchet, ad faciendam justiciam pro falsis mensuris panis vel bladi mensurandi.

?1266–7 Judicium Pillorie in Stat. Realm (1870) I. 201/1 Paciatur judicium corporis, scilicet, Pistor Collistrigium, et Braciatrix trebuchetum vel castigatorium.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 107/1 Cukstole, for flyterys,..turbuscetum, cadurca.

1500 Ortus Vocabulorum Terbichetum, a cok~stole.]

a1641 J. Smyth Berkeley MSS (1885) III. 143 Cucking stool and other Judicials, Collistrigia et trebuchets.

1667 E. Chamberlayne Angliæ Notitia: 1st Pt. (1684) i. 48 Scolding women are to be set in a Trebuchet, commonly called a Cuckingstool..placed over some deep water into which they are let down and plunged under water thrice.

1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. xiii. 169 A common scold,..if convicted, shall be sentenced to be placed in a certain engine of correction called the trebucket, castigatory, or cucking stool.

1867 Cornhill Mag. Jan. 38 A homely provision made for the punishment of mere bad language in the bridle and trebuchet or ducking-stool.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	trebuchet
释义	trebuchetn. /ˈtrɛb(j)ᵿʃeɪ//ˈtrɛbəʃɛt/ Forms: α. Middle English trepejette, trepget, Middle English -eget, Middle English trepgett(e, trip-, trypgette, 1500s trepegett, trepegete, trepagete; β. Middle English tribochet, trebochet, treybochet; Middle English trebget ( trebgot); 1500s trabu-, 1600s trebuschet, (1700s–1800s trebucket), 1700s– trebuchet. Etymology: In I, < Old French trebuchet , also trebuket , -busket , trabuchet (12th cent. in Godefroy) siege engine, bird-trap, modern French trébuchet trap, balance (= Provençal trabuquet , Spanish trabuquete , Italian trabocchetto , medieval Latin trā- , trēbuchētum , Du Cange), < Old French tre- , tres- , trabucher (11th cent.) to overturn, overthrow, stumble, fall, in medieval Latin trābuchāre : see trabuch n. The early α-forms (/trɛpɛˈdʒɛt/, etc.) are imitations of Old French trebuchet /trɛbuˈtʃɛt/. The word was obsolete in the 16th cent.; from 18th cent. historical and antiquarian. Sense 3 is from modern French In II, an application, in England, of medieval Latin trēbuchētum (see main sense), to the device known popularly from c1200 as cuck-stool, cucking-stool. The Latin form remained apparently as a legal term, rendered trebuchet in 17th cent. by the legal antiquaries. Compare 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Trebuchet, a pitfall for birds; a pit, with a trap doore, for wild beasts; also, a paire of gold weights; also, an old-fashioned Engine of wood, from which great, and battering stones were most violently throwne. I. Something finely balanced, often for release. 1. A medieval military engine for casting heavy missiles. Historical.Described as consisting of a pivoted lever with a sling at one extremity, which was strained back against a heavy counterpoise, and then suddenly released. Cf. catapult n. 1. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > [noun] > ballista ballistaeOE ginc1325 mangonelc1325 springalc1330 ballistc1384 scorpionc1384 tormentc1384 trebuchet1388 fowler1420 dondainec1430 onagera1460 perrier1481 trabuch?1482 bricole1489 coillard1489 mouton1489 sambuca1489 martinet1523 racket1535 sling1535 brake1552 catapult1577 sweep1598 sling-dart1600 petrary1610 espringal1614 scorpion-bowa1629 swafe1688 sackbut1756 mangona1773 matafunda1773 lombard1838 1224 Close Roll 8 Hen. III m. 4 Facias usque Doura maeremium ad trubechetum nostrum faciendum. 1224 Close Roll 9 Hen. III m. 24, viij. Roellas ereas quas fieri fecistis at trubechettum nostrum. 1377 Rolls of Parl. III. 10/2 Un trebuchet outre ascun mesure qe l'en avoit unqes veeu.] α. 1388 Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) 1 Macc. vi. 20 Thei maden arblastis, [gloss] ether trepeiettis, that is, an instrument for to caste schaftis, and stoonys.a1400 Coer de L. 5227 With trepeiettes they slungen alsoo.c1420 Brut 428 The Kynge..leid therto his grete Gounnys, Trepgettis and Engenys, and bete adowne the wallis.a1425 (?a1400) G. Chaucer Romaunt Rose 6279 Withoute strok it mot be take Of trepeget or mangonel.1520 Chron. Eng. vii. f. 145/1 Gonnes, Engynnes, and trypgettes [1482 trip-].1599 F. Thynne Animaduersions (1875) 41 ‘Trepegett’, yo^u expounde ‘a Ramme to batter walles’. But the trepegete was the same that the mogonell.1896 Eng. Hist. Rev. Apr. 357 Eustace the monk was taken, and Stephen of Winchelsea..gave him his choice of having his head cut off on the trapget or the bulwarks [rather of being hurled from the trapget or having his head cut off on the bulwarks].] β. a1400–50 Alexander 1296 With traumes & with tribochetis þe tild to asaile.c1400 Siege of Troy 838 in Archiv neu. Spr. LXXII. 33 An hundrid gynnys þer were vpset, Of Maungeneles and Treybochet.c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 501/1 Trebget, for werre (S. trepgette), trabucetum.1796 R. Southey Joan of Arc viii. 198 Who kneeling by the trebuchet, Charged its long sling with death.1825 W. Scott Betrothed viii, in Tales Crusaders I. 146 ‘Well done, trebuchet—well flown, quarrell!’ cried the monk.1885 C. Oman Art of War 57 The feeble siege-artillery of the day, perrieres, catapults, trebuchets, and so forth. †2. A trap or gin to catch small birds or beasts. Obsolete. rare. (So in French from 14th cent.) ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > equipment > trap or snare > [noun] grinc825 trapa1000 snarea1100 swikea1100 granea1250 springec1275 gina1300 gnarea1325 stringc1325 trebuchet1362 latch?a1366 leashc1374 snarlc1380 foot gina1382 foot-grina1382 traina1393 sinewa1400 snatcha1400 foot trapa1425 haucepyc1425 slingc1425 engine1481 swar1488 frame1509 brakea1529 fang1535 fall trap1570 spring1578 box-trapa1589 spring trapa1589 sprint1599 noosec1600 springle1602 springe1607 toil1607 plage1608 deadfall1631 puppy snatch1650 snickle1681 steel trap1735 figure (of) four1743 gun-trap1749 stamp1788 stell1801 springer1813 sprent1822 livetrap1823 snaphance1831 catch pole1838 twitch-up1841 basket-trap1866 pole trap1879 steel fall1895 tread-trap1952 conibear trap1957 conibear1958 1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. xii. 86 Þou tomblest wiþ a trepget ȝif þou my tras folwe. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 501/1 Trebget [pr. -got], sly instrument to take brydys or beestys (S. trepgette), tendicule. 3. A small delicately poised balance or pair of scales; an assay balance; a tilting scale. (So French) ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement by weighing > equipment for weighing > [noun] > a weighing apparatus > other weighing apparatus poundereOE auncel1298 baublea1425 shaft1429 poundrelc1450 peson1459 trebuchet1550 handsale1607 trolley-scale1909 1550 Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot. 105/1 Par de lie trabuschettis 15 sol. 1613 P. Forbes Comm. Rev. xviii. §6. 191 It is a hard thing to fall into the hands of the Lord: before whom all Nations are but as the droppe of a Bucket, or as the dust of a Trebuschet. 1871 M. C. Lea Man. Photogr. (ed. 2) 420 The French pattern of ‘trebuchet’, or tilting scale, now largely manufactured here. 1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Trebucket. II. A ducking-stool, and related uses. 4. An instrument of punishment, = cucking-stool n. ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > public or popular punishments > [noun] > stool or ducking-stool cuck-stool1200 thewc1273 cucking-stoolc1308 stoolc1308 pining-stoolc1400 scolding stool1474 tumbrila1513 cuckle-stool1592 ducking-stool1597 gum-stool1623 trebucheta1641 gumble-stool1653 gogingstool1679 ducking tumbrel1688 c1200 Chron. of Jocelin de Brakelond (Camden) 38 Levaverunt homines de Illegga quoddam trebuchet, ad faciendam justiciam pro falsis mensuris panis vel bladi mensurandi. ?1266–7 Judicium Pillorie in Stat. Realm (1870) I. 201/1 Paciatur judicium corporis, scilicet, Pistor Collistrigium, et Braciatrix trebuchetum vel castigatorium. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 107/1 Cukstole, for flyterys,..turbuscetum, cadurca. 1500 Ortus Vocabulorum Terbichetum, a cok~stole.] a1641 J. Smyth Berkeley MSS (1885) III. 143 Cucking stool and other Judicials, Collistrigia et trebuchets. 1667 E. Chamberlayne Angliæ Notitia: 1st Pt. (1684) i. 48 Scolding women are to be set in a Trebuchet, commonly called a Cuckingstool..placed over some deep water into which they are let down and plunged under water thrice. 1769 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. xiii. 169 A common scold,..if convicted, shall be sentenced to be placed in a certain engine of correction called the trebucket, castigatory, or cucking stool. 1867 Cornhill Mag. Jan. 38 A homely provision made for the punishment of mere bad language in the bridle and trebuchet or ducking-stool. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1362
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