thilln.¹

Brit.

/θɪl/, U.S.

/θɪl/

Forms: Also Middle English þylle, thyl, 1500s thyll. Cf. also fill n.²

Etymology: Of uncertain origin: the 14th cent. þille, þylle is identical in form with Old English þille, glossed tabulāta, tabulāmen, tabulāmentum, i.e. ‘board, deal, boarding, flooring’, but the sense ‘pole or shaft’ is so different that, without further evidence, it seems unsafe to connect them. For the Old English þille see theal n.: none of the cognate words there cited show any approach to the modern sense of thill.

The pole or shaft by which a wagon, cart, or other vehicle is attached to the animal drawing it, esp. one of the pair of shafts between which a single draught animal is placed. Applied (a) in singular to the single pole, rarely to the pair of shafts (now only U.S.); (b) in plural to the pair of shafts.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > parts of cart or carriage > [noun] > shaft(s) or pole

thillc1325

limber1480

sway1535

neap1553

draught-tree1580

wain-beam1589

beam1600

fills1609

spire1609

foreteam?1611

verge1611

shaft1613

rangy1657

pole1683

thrill1688

trill1688

rod1695

range1702

neb1710

sharp1733

tram1766

carriage pole1767

sill1787

tongue1792

nib1808

dissel-boom1822

tongue-tree1829

reach1869

wain-stang1876

(a)

14.. in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 615/35 Temo, a thylle.

14.. in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 628/20 Reda, thylle.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 491/1 Thylle, of a carte, temo.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 280/2 Thyll of a carte, le lymon.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Alimonner, to put into..the thill of a cart.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Limon,..the Thill of a waine, wagon, &c.; In which sense (because a Thill consists of two beames) it is most vsed in the Plurall number.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory (1905) iii. xviii. 139/1 The two side shafts make one thill.

1770 J. Langhorne & W. Langhorne tr. Plutarch Lives (1879) I. 256/2 That piece of wood with which they supported the thill of a waggon.

c1873 E. Dickinson Poems (1955) III. 869 Elijah's wagon has no thill—Was innocent of wheel.

1901 Cent. Mag. Jan. 452/1 I'm like a bronco in a buggy. I want to bust a thill every time I feel the rein.

1944 Sun (Baltimore) 16 May 10/3 An old slave cabin and an old ox thill.

(b)c1325 Gloss. W. de Bibbesw. in Wright Voc. 168 Les lymouns, the thilles.c1400 Laud. Troy Bk. 12820 Fals fortune of him now filles, He put him riȝt In hir thilles.c1425 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 665/30 Hic limo, thyllys.1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry (1721) I. 360 If the fore Wheels were as high as the hinder Wheels, and if the Thills were fixed under the Axis.1890 O. Crawfurd Round Calendar in Portugal 104 The mule and the horse work between the thills of the cart and of the plough.

Compounds

C1. attributive and in other combinations, as thill hame, thill harness, thill pin.

ΚΠ

14.. in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 727/33 Hic limarillum a thylpyn.

1549 in Hist. MSS Comm.: MSS Duke of Rutland (1905) IV. 570 in Parl. Papers (Cd. 2606) LXIII. 301 Thill hames, xl pare.

1776 in Hughes Scour. White Horse v The same time a Thill harness will be run for by Cart-horses, &c.

1859 T. Hughes Scouring of White Horse vi The great horses in their thill harness.

C2.

thill-coupling n.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > parts of cart or carriage > [noun] > coupling

shackle1343

wain-shackle1559

head block1851

wagon-coupling1875

thill-coupling1877

1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Thill-coupling, a device for fastening the shafts to the fore-axle.

thill-jack n. see quot.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > parts of cart or carriage > [noun] > tool for attaching shafts to axles

thill-jack1877

1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Thill-jack, a tool for attaching the thills of a carriage to the clips of the axle.

thill-tug n. see quot. 1877.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > horse-gear > [noun] > rings or loops

ringle1419

torret1429

button?1561

French buckle1691

bridge1795

dee1795

handpiece1840

pirn1846

thill-tug1859

Irish martingale1874

pipe-loop1875

kidney-link1883

1859 T. Hughes Scouring of White Horse v Varmer Mifflin's mare..won a new Cart-saddle and thill-tugs.

1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Thill-tug, a leathern loop depending from the harness saddle to hold the shaft of a carriage.

thill-saddle n. = saddle n.¹ 3.

ΚΠ

1807 A. Young Gen. View Agric. Essex I. iv. 107 3 thill saddles, breechins, cruppers, &c.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

thilln.²

Brit.

/θɪl/, U.S.

/θɪl/

Etymology: A local term of unknown origin; compare till n.², boulder-clay.

The thin stratum of fire-clay, etc. usually underlying a coal-seam; underclay; the floor or bottom of a seam of coal.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > minerals > mineral deposits > features of stratum or vein > [noun] > material below > below coal

thill1329

underclay1660

sloom1803

underclift1840

warrant1847

swad1860

spavin1870

undercliff1883

under-earth1883

1329–30 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1899) II. 515 Quatuor bayardours portant. Thill et focale in Abbathiam per 10 septimanas, 23s. 6d.

1454–5 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1901) III. 634 Operanti circa le ryddyng ac adquisicione de le Thill pro eodem furno.

1500–1 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1901) III. 657 Pro 4^or plaustr. de lez thillstone, 16d.

1708 J. C. Compl. Collier 15 in T. Nourse Mistery of Husbandry Discover'd (ed. 3) Sometimes a Pit may happen to have a Hitch or Dipping of the Thill or Bottom of the Way.

1849 G. C. Greenwell Gloss. Terms Coal Trade Northumberland & Durham 54 Thill, the floor of a seam of coal.

1867 W. W. Smyth Treat. Coal & Coal-mining 25 The floor, thill, or seat.., of the coal is an underclay.

1878 G. A. Lebour Geol. Northumberland & Durham iii. 12 There is a strict analogy between these peat-marls and clays and the ‘thills’ or ‘underclays’ of many coals.

1881 Borings & Sinkings II. 4 (E.D.D.) Grey thill with water.

1887 H. B. Woodward Geol. Eng. & Wales (ed. 2) 179 The Underclay is known as ‘Spavin’ in Yorkshire; as ‘Thill’ in Durham; as ‘Warrant’ or ‘Seat-earth’ in Lancashire; and as ‘Bottomstone’ or ‘Pouncin’ in South Wales.

1894 R. O. Heslop Northumberland Words (at cited word) The underlayer of a coal seam frequently consists of a thin bed of fireclay; hence thin strata of that material are called thill, irrespective of their position with regard to a seam of coal.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	thill
释义	thilln.¹ Brit. /θɪl/, U.S. /θɪl/ Forms: Also Middle English þylle, thyl, 1500s thyll. Cf. also fill n.² Etymology: Of uncertain origin: the 14th cent. þille, þylle is identical in form with Old English þille, glossed tabulāta, tabulāmen, tabulāmentum, i.e. ‘board, deal, boarding, flooring’, but the sense ‘pole or shaft’ is so different that, without further evidence, it seems unsafe to connect them. For the Old English þille see theal n.: none of the cognate words there cited show any approach to the modern sense of thill. The pole or shaft by which a wagon, cart, or other vehicle is attached to the animal drawing it, esp. one of the pair of shafts between which a single draught animal is placed. Applied (a) in singular to the single pole, rarely to the pair of shafts (now only U.S.); (b) in plural to the pair of shafts. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > parts of cart or carriage > [noun] > shaft(s) or pole thillc1325 limber1480 sway1535 neap1553 draught-tree1580 wain-beam1589 beam1600 fills1609 spire1609 foreteam?1611 verge1611 shaft1613 rangy1657 pole1683 thrill1688 trill1688 rod1695 range1702 neb1710 sharp1733 tram1766 carriage pole1767 sill1787 tongue1792 nib1808 dissel-boom1822 tongue-tree1829 reach1869 wain-stang1876 (a) 14.. in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 615/35 Temo, a thylle. 14.. in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 628/20 Reda, thylle. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 491/1 Thylle, of a carte, temo. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 280/2 Thyll of a carte, le lymon. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Alimonner, to put into..the thill of a cart. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Limon,..the Thill of a waine, wagon, &c.; In which sense (because a Thill consists of two beames) it is most vsed in the Plurall number. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory (1905) iii. xviii. 139/1 The two side shafts make one thill. 1770 J. Langhorne & W. Langhorne tr. Plutarch Lives (1879) I. 256/2 That piece of wood with which they supported the thill of a waggon. c1873 E. Dickinson Poems (1955) III. 869 Elijah's wagon has no thill—Was innocent of wheel. 1901 Cent. Mag. Jan. 452/1 I'm like a bronco in a buggy. I want to bust a thill every time I feel the rein. 1944 Sun (Baltimore) 16 May 10/3 An old slave cabin and an old ox thill. (b)c1325 Gloss. W. de Bibbesw. in Wright Voc. 168 Les lymouns, the thilles.c1400 Laud. Troy Bk. 12820 Fals fortune of him now filles, He put him riȝt In hir thilles.c1425 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 665/30 Hic limo, thyllys.1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry (1721) I. 360 If the fore Wheels were as high as the hinder Wheels, and if the Thills were fixed under the Axis.1890 O. Crawfurd Round Calendar in Portugal 104 The mule and the horse work between the thills of the cart and of the plough. Compounds C1. attributive and in other combinations, as thill hame, thill harness, thill pin. ΚΠ 14.. in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 727/33 Hic limarillum a thylpyn. 1549 in Hist. MSS Comm.: MSS Duke of Rutland (1905) IV. 570 in Parl. Papers (Cd. 2606) LXIII. 301 Thill hames, xl pare. 1776 in Hughes Scour. White Horse v The same time a Thill harness will be run for by Cart-horses, &c. 1859 T. Hughes Scouring of White Horse vi The great horses in their thill harness. C2. thill-coupling n. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > parts of cart or carriage > [noun] > coupling shackle1343 wain-shackle1559 head block1851 wagon-coupling1875 thill-coupling1877 1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Thill-coupling, a device for fastening the shafts to the fore-axle. thill-jack n. see quot. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > parts of cart or carriage > [noun] > tool for attaching shafts to axles thill-jack1877 1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Thill-jack, a tool for attaching the thills of a carriage to the clips of the axle. thill-tug n. see quot. 1877. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > horse-gear > [noun] > rings or loops ringle1419 torret1429 button?1561 French buckle1691 bridge1795 dee1795 handpiece1840 pirn1846 thill-tug1859 Irish martingale1874 pipe-loop1875 kidney-link1883 1859 T. Hughes Scouring of White Horse v Varmer Mifflin's mare..won a new Cart-saddle and thill-tugs. 1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Thill-tug, a leathern loop depending from the harness saddle to hold the shaft of a carriage. thill-saddle n. = saddle n.¹ 3. ΚΠ 1807 A. Young Gen. View Agric. Essex I. iv. 107 3 thill saddles, breechins, cruppers, &c. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2022). thilln.² Brit. /θɪl/, U.S. /θɪl/ Etymology: A local term of unknown origin; compare till n.², boulder-clay. The thin stratum of fire-clay, etc. usually underlying a coal-seam; underclay; the floor or bottom of a seam of coal. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > mineral deposits > features of stratum or vein > [noun] > material below > below coal thill1329 underclay1660 sloom1803 underclift1840 warrant1847 swad1860 spavin1870 undercliff1883 under-earth1883 1329–30 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1899) II. 515 Quatuor bayardours portant. Thill et focale in Abbathiam per 10 septimanas, 23s. 6d. 1454–5 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1901) III. 634 Operanti circa le ryddyng ac adquisicione de le Thill pro eodem furno. 1500–1 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1901) III. 657 Pro 4^or plaustr. de lez thillstone, 16d. 1708 J. C. Compl. Collier 15 in T. Nourse Mistery of Husbandry Discover'd (ed. 3) Sometimes a Pit may happen to have a Hitch or Dipping of the Thill or Bottom of the Way. 1849 G. C. Greenwell Gloss. Terms Coal Trade Northumberland & Durham 54 Thill, the floor of a seam of coal. 1867 W. W. Smyth Treat. Coal & Coal-mining 25 The floor, thill, or seat.., of the coal is an underclay. 1878 G. A. Lebour Geol. Northumberland & Durham iii. 12 There is a strict analogy between these peat-marls and clays and the ‘thills’ or ‘underclays’ of many coals. 1881 Borings & Sinkings II. 4 (E.D.D.) Grey thill with water. 1887 H. B. Woodward Geol. Eng. & Wales (ed. 2) 179 The Underclay is known as ‘Spavin’ in Yorkshire; as ‘Thill’ in Durham; as ‘Warrant’ or ‘Seat-earth’ in Lancashire; and as ‘Bottomstone’ or ‘Pouncin’ in South Wales. 1894 R. O. Heslop Northumberland Words (at cited word) The underlayer of a coal seam frequently consists of a thin bed of fireclay; hence thin strata of that material are called thill, irrespective of their position with regard to a seam of coal. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹c1325n.²1329
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thilln.1

Compounds

thilln.2

thilln.¹

thilln.²