单词 | ache |
释义 | achen.1 A pain, esp. a continuous or prolonged dull pain, in contrast to one which is sudden or sharp. Also: the state or condition of being in pain.Used of both physical pain and mental distress. Frequently with prefixed noun denoting the location of pain (as bellyache, headache, stomach ache): for such compounds see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > [noun] sorec825 acheeOE wrakeOE trayOE woe?a1200 pinec1200 sorrowc1225 teenc1225 grievousness1303 dolec1320 balea1325 painc1330 warkingc1340 dolour?c1370 sufferance1422 offencea1425 angerc1440 sufferingc1450 penalty?1462 penality1496 grief1509 stress1533 sufferance1597 somatalgia1607 suffering1609 tort1632 miserya1825 the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > types of pain > [noun] > ache warkc900 acheeOE warkingc1340 achiness1869 achage1875 eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Tanner) v. iii. 394 Hwæðre eall ðæt sar & se ece ge of minum earme,..ge of eallum minum lichoman eall onwæg alæded wæs. OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) iii. 42 Wiþ muðes ece & wið tungan & wið þrotan genim fifleafan wyrtwalan. a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 165 (MED) Eche and smertinge..and oðre wowe muchel. c1300 St. Michael (Laud) l. 385 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 310 Huy farez ase doth þe man þat in ane hache of þe feueres is. a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) 826 (MED) So harde hacches of loue here hert hadde þirled. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. ix. 35 Jhesus compaside aboute alle citees..helynge al languyshynge, or ache, and al siknesse [a1425 L.V. langour and euery sijknesse]. Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 8 (MED) Ake or ache or akynge: Dolor. a1500 in J. Evans & M. S. Serjeantson Eng. Mediaeval Lapidaries (1933) 43 (MED) Ye saphir..sal do away ache fro a mans teth. 1568 W. Turner Herbal (rev. ed.) i. 20 Catarres, runninges of the eyes and other aykes. ?1593 H. Chettle Kind-harts Dreame sig. D1 These trauelers that by incision are able to ease all atches. a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) i. ii. 372 Ile racke thee with old Crampes, Fill all thy bones with Aches, make thee rore. View more context for this quotation 1674 J. Bryan Harvest-home §4. 23 Free from attaches Of sickness weakness, in no part feel aches. 1710 J. Swift in J. Swift & R. Steele Tatler No. 238 A coming Shower your shooting Corns presage, Old Aches throb, your hollow Tooth will rage. 1783 G. Crabbe Village i. 11 And hoard up aches and anguish for their age. 1846 N. P. Willis Pencillings by Way (new ed.) xxvii. 427 I dawdled along the five miles upon my donkey, with something of an ache in my back. 1862 B. Taylor Poet's Jrnl. (1866) 21 The steady ache of strong desires restrained. 1905 G. H. Lorimer Old Gorgon Graham 200 They've an ache or a pain in every blamed joint. 1950 S. Plath Jrnls. (2000) 16 I sit here lumpishly, an ache at the back of my neck. 1998 K. Desai Hullabaloo in Guava Orchard (1999) xxiv. 196 A voice that sang of death and lost love,..and the ache, the dreadful ache, of memory. 2004 J. Denby Billie Morgan xiii. 96 I thought maybe my period was due or something, I did feel a low, dragging ache in the pit of my belly. Phrases aches and pains: sensations of mild, often chronic, pain or general physical discomfort. Also figurative. ΚΠ 1579 T. Lupton Thousand Notable Things ix. 239 A Notable secrete for all incurable aches & paynes in the ioyntes where euer they be. 1633 T. Johnson Gerard's Herball (new ed.) i. lxxxiv. 132 The aches and pains of the ioynts. 1796 W. Buchan Observ. Prevention & Cure Venereal Dis. ix. 216 People who have had occasion to take mercury, are apt to impute all the aches and pains they feel afterwards, to this medicine lying in the body. 1846 Times 17 Feb. 6/4 The landed interest, like a creaking gate or a valetudinarian gentleman,..recounting its manifold aches and pains..and..obtaining a lion's share of the public attention and sympathies. 1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. v. [Lotus Eaters] 81 Lots of time taken up telling your aches and pains. 1985 W. Sheed Frank & Maisie xi. 253 The fact that many Catholics read the council to mean ‘anything goes’ would soon bring on additional aches and pains. 2005 Femina (S. Afr.) Feb. 26/1 Perfumed salt crystals that transform your bath into a spa to soothe away aches and pains. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2021). achen.2 Now historical. Any of several plants of the family Apiaceae ( Umbelliferae); esp. celery, Apium graveolens and any of various kinds of parsley (genus Petroselinum). Cf. smallage n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > stalk vegetables > [noun] > celery > wild celery achea1300 smallagea1300 the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > stalk vegetables > celery > wild celery achea1300 smallagea1300 marcha1398 marsh parsley1582 the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > herb > [noun] > parsley parsleyeOE smallagea1300 petroseline?a1425 ache1578 the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > culinary herbs > parsley parsleyeOE petroselinumOE stonesucka1300 petroseline?a1425 ache1578 parsley1731 parsley1842 a1300 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 554 (MED) Apium, ache. a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 31 (MED) Wiþ alisaundre..ache ant anys. a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 214 (MED) A mundificatif of iuys of ache. ?c1450 in G. Müller Aus Mittelengl. Medizintexten (1929) 99 For þe ewyll of þe stomak. Take ache~seed, lynseed. c1503 R. Arnold Chron. f. lxvv/2 Also ete fenel sede comy and ache. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball 609 The wilde Ache or Parseley hath large leaves, al jagged, cut, and vittered, much like the leaves of the wilde Carrot. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xix. viii. 24 As for the garden Ach, commonly called Persely, there be many kinds thereof. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xx. xii. 54 There is another kind of Ach or Persely growing upon rockes, which some cal Petroselinum. 1822 H. Phillips Hist. Cultivated Veg. (ed. 2) II. 38 Celeri is the Italian name for a species of smallage, or tall strong-scented parsley... Ache is the true English name of this vegetable. 1955 G. Grigson Englishman's Flora 209 Sheep's parsley, Kent, Norf; sweet ash (i.e. ache, parsley), Glos. 1987 Garden Hist. 15 85 ‘Ache’ (primarily Apium) comprehended species from Ranunculus, belonging to another family. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2021). achev. 1. a. intransitive. Of a part of the body, a wound, etc.: to be painful or sore. More generally: to be the source or seat of continuous or prolonged dull physical pain or mental distress. In later use frequently in figurative contexts. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > types of pain > suffer or cause type of pain [verb (intransitive)] > ache acheeOE warka1000 worka1425 pang1729 nag1836 eOE Bald's Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) ii. 174 (table of contents) Læcedom..wiþ blodryne, & gif lim færinga ace. OE Ælfric Gram. (Harl. 107) 216 Caligo, acaþ [OE St. John's Oxf. me mistiað] mine eagan. a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 149 Þenne wule his heorte ake, alse his fet and his honde. c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 184 Betere is finker offe, þen he ake [Nero eke] eauer. c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. vi. l. 258 So owre wombe aketh. a1425 (?a1400) G. Chaucer Romaunt Rose (Hunterian) (1891) l. 6907 For sadde burdons that men taken Make folkes shuldris aken. a1450 St. Edith (Faust.) (1883) l. 3731 (MED) Bot his hedde woke so sore y-wys. ?a1500 in G. Henslow Med. Wks. 14th Cent. (1899) 26 Ȝif a wounde akyþ. Take nepte..and hit schal do away þe ache. c1522 T. More Treat. Memorare Nouissima in Wks. (1557) I. 99/1 And than the head aketh, & the stomake knaweth, and the next meale is eaten wt out appetite. 1572 Lament Lady Scot. in J. G. Dalyell Scotish Poems 16th Cent. (1801) II. 243 My heid dois wark and ȝaik. a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) iv. i. 41 When your head did but ake, I knit my [h]and-kercher about your browes. 1664 S. Butler Hudibras: Second Pt. ii. ii. 124 Cram'd 'em till their Guts did ake With Cawdle, Custard, and Plum-cake. 1715 B. Griffin Love in Sack ii. ii. 49 Odd, my heart ached consumedly, I am glad they are gone. 1729 R. Savage Wanderer i. 176 Now veers the wind full east; and keen, and sore, Its cutting influence aches in every pore! 1753 S. Richardson Hist. Sir Charles Grandison I. xxx. 216 Does not your heart ake for your Harriet? 1820 W. Combe Second Tour Dr. Syntax xxix. 138 Her death made many a bosom ake Upon the banks of Keswick Lake. 1850 E. B. Browning tr. Æschylus Prometheus Bound (rev. ed.) in Poems (new ed.) I. 153 Thy sorrow aches in me. 1877 H. James American xxvi. 465 His wound began to ache with its first fierceness. 1913 W. Cather O Pioneers! iii. i. 202 It seemed..to fill an emptiness that ached in her heart. 1967 M. Frayn Towards End of Morning viii. 151 He seemed unaware of the noise Damian was making. Bob's head ached..at the effort of filtering the adult conversation out from it. 1990 S. King Stand (new ed.) i. iii. 21 His heart ached to see them wearing hand-me-downs and Salvation Army giveouts. 2004 J. Denby Billie Morgan xvii. 135 Every bone, every muscle, every sinew ached like fire. ΚΠ OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) iii. 42 Gif men his leoðu acen [?a1200 Harl. 6258B man his liðu acen] oððe ongeflogen sy. a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 21 Ðe time cam swo þat hire ne oc ne ne smeart. c1225 (?c1200) St. Juliana (Royal) l. 349 (MED) Him eoc [c1225 Bodl. wrong] euch neil. c1300 St. Andrew (Harl.) l. 66 in C. D'Evelyn & A. J. Mill S.-Eng. Legendary (1956) 545 Him oke ech bon. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 51 (MED) Þet heaued me akþ. c1425 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Harl.:Wright) l. 4920 + 36 Hech lyme hym oke. 2. a. intransitive. Of a person: to suffer from continuous or prolonged dull pains; to be in pain or physical discomfort; also figurative: to suffer mental distress. In early use transitive: to suffer pain in (a part of the body). Frequently with adverbial phrase specifying degree, cause, etc. ΚΠ a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 370) (1850) 4 Kings iv. 19 Myn heued I aake [L. caput meum doleo]. a1425 (a1382) Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Corpus Oxf.) (1850) 3 Kings xv. 23 In the tyme of his eelde he akide the feet [a1425 L.V. hadde ache in feet; L. doluit pedes]. a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) iv. ii. 69 O thou blacke weede, why art so louely faire? Thou smell'st so sweete, that the sence akes at thee, Would thou hadst ne're bin borne. a1625 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Captaine v. i, in Comedies & Trag. (1647) 68 I ake all over, That I am sure of. 1789 T. Holcroft tr. Frederick of Prussia Posthumous Wks. I. iii. 138 They ached with anger at the very name of Prussia: they caballed in secret. 1811 W. Dimond Gustavus Vasa iii. v. 71 My limbs are weary, and I ache with cold. 1847 E. Brontë Wuthering Heights II. iii. 35 I couldn't count the number of falls I've had. Oh, I'm aching all over! 1871 W. B. Rands Lilliput Lect. vii. 95 When I ache, or when I weep, Then I know that love is deep. 1918 W. Cather My Ántonia i. i. 7 The jolting made me bite my tongue, and I soon began to ache all over. 1987 S. Zulauf Succasunna New Jersey 51 I have ached in the loveless world With madness and a race of madmen. 2007 Gloucestershire Echo (Nexis) 8 Dec. 38 Bunting, who achieved his Sandan third dan black belt, said: ‘The day after I ached so much I felt like I'd been run over by a truck.’ b. intransitive. With for or infinitive. To feel an intense desire for or longing to do something; to be impatient or anxious in anticipation of something.In the 19th cent. chiefly U.S. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > longing or yearning > long or yearn for [verb (transitive)] yearneOE yearnOE copena1225 longc1225 to yawn after or fora1250 yerec1275 to stand to ——a1400 hungerc1450 ache1622 desiderate1646 sigh1650 tire1801 lonesome for1905 1622 C. Fitzgeffry Elisha 24 Doe they ake to bee..stripped [printed shipped] of their Iewels as the Israelites were? 1794 J. P. Kemble Lodoiska iii. 45 Gentlemen, you have bound me for ever by letting me loose, and my legs ache to prove their sense of your kindness by scraping their leave. a1821 J. Keats Ode on Indolence in Life, Lett. & Literary Remains (1848) II. 277 To follow them I burn'd And ached for wings. 1835 Southern Literary Messenger Jan. 215/2 His mind is a mere void, aching to be filled. 1860 R. W. Emerson Considerations in Conduct of Life (London ed.) 235 The youth aches for solitude. 1904 J. London Sea-wolf xxxvi. 336 I am aching for a chance to kill you. 1937 ‘J. Bell’ Murder in Hosp. xi. 218 Rachel is simply aching to get back. 1967 J. Bowen After Rain (1972) ii. 52 But, love, I want to. We both want to. I ache for it. 1985 D. Lessing Good Terrorist 44 Now she ached for tea, something to eat. 2001 J. Hamilton-Paterson Loving Monsters (2002) iii. 27 We need our continuities, we ached for places. 3. transitive. To cause to suffer pain. Now chiefly figurative and poetic. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > types of pain > affect with type of pain [verb (transitive)] > cause to ache achec1550 c1550 Clariodus (1830) ii. 59 Baith akit was thair armis and thair handis. a1556 N. Udall Ralph Roister Doister (?1566) iv. vi. sig. G.ijv Ill ake your heades bothe, I was neuer werier, Nor neuer more vexte [printed verte] since the first day I was borne. 1843 tr. Voice of Tara in Nation (Dublin) 713/2 Ye ache my sight, ye visions bright of all our glory won. 1854 Jrnl. Royal Geogr. Soc. 24 50 The ingenuity of the governor of Aïdos—persuaded, as he said, that his head would ache him (bashimiz agrareshak) if anything unpleasant should happen to his distinguished guest. a1904 T. Stickney Poems (1905) 33 The memory aches me that it is so dead. 1982 L. Durrell Constance 132 He could not resist the urge to do so, for she still ached him and dominated his restless imagination. 1994 Analog Sci. Fiction & Fact Jan. 42/1 And, dear Lord, how that ached me. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1eOEn.2a1300v.eOE |
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