standbyn.adj.adv.

Brit.

/ˈstan(d)bʌɪ/, U.S.

/ˈstæn(d)ˌbaɪ/

Forms: 1700s– standby, 1800s–1900s standbye, 1900s standbi.

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymons: to stand by —— at stand v. Phrasal verbs 2, to stand by at Phrasal verbs 1.

Etymology: Partly (in sense A. 1) < to stand by —— at stand v. Phrasal verbs 2, and partly < to stand by at Phrasal verbs 1.

A. n.

a. A person ready to provide support or assistance, esp. as a replacement or substitute for another in a role, job, etc. Hence also: a person who can be relied on, a supporter or adherent.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > support > [noun] > that which or one who supports > one who

uptakera1340

holder-upc1374

upbearer1387

bearera1398

undernimmera1400

weighera1400

upholderc1403

ally1406

allya1431

godfather?1541

propper1549

tower of strength1549

backer1583

moyener?1591

backfriend1599

stayer1611

suppositor1629

susceptor1652

standby1712

bottle holder1788

understander1875

buddy1893

anchorman1895

backer-up1921

1712 E. Harrold Diary 30 Nov. (2008) 50 In ye after[noon] my sixth daughter Sarah was baptized... I was disapointed of my gos[s]ips. [I] got 2 [gossips], [with a] stand by [as] proxsie, [though I] put yn to no charge extradinary.

1857 Lady Canning in A. J. C. Hare Two Noble Lives (1893) II. 238 Neill is made a General, and joins General Havelock, and a capital stand-by he is.

1887 S. Baring-Gould Golden Feather viii His mother had always been his stand-by against the severity of his father.

1913 J. Masefield in Eng. Rev. Feb. 379 I am her standby, and she needs me still; If not to love she needs me to decide.

2005 N.Y. Mag. 20 June 73/2 With such a short scene onstage, what do you do when the play's going on? Most of the time, I'm upstairs with the standbys in the show. I'm hanging out with them, chatting away, cutting up.

b. Something that can be relied on; a main support; a chief resource. Frequently with modifying adjective.In quot. 1796: a vessel kept in reserve or in a state of readiness.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > change > exchange > substitution > [noun] > something held in reserve

second string1643

presidiary1745

standby1782

fallback1860

back-up1952

the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > instrumentality > [noun] > (a) means > resources > a chief resource

standby1782

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessels with other specific uses > [noun] > vessel kept ready for emergency

standby1796

lifeboat1831

1782 in E. E. Rich Cumberland House Jrnls. & Inland Jrnls. 1775–82 (1952) 2nd Ser. 283 This Tent was my whole stand by for Provisions.

1796 Ld. Nelson Let. 18 July in Dispatches & Lett. (1846) VII. p. xci Meleager [sc. a ship] is my only stand-by and every week I must send something to Genoa for news.

1861 C. P. Hodgson Residence at Nagasaki & Hakodate iii. 70 We had that famous stand-bye [sic], a good ham, three fowls, sardines, bread and tea.

1882 R. L. Stevenson Let. 22 Feb. (1912) 103 Art and marriage are two very good stand-by's.

1978 Audubon Mar. 99/1 There is a rush to find clean, safe sources of energy before the old standbys run out.

2007 S. Foster Sara Foster's Casual Cooking 9 That essential standby of any seasoned home cook: leftovers.

2. An order or alert to be ready for duty or deployment. Now rare.With quot. 1883 cf. standby bell n.

ΚΠ

1883 Cornishman 2 Aug. 6/1 The bell in the engine-room sounded ‘stand by’.

1944 Information Bull. (Embassy of U.S.S.R., Washington, D.C.) 1 Aug. 2/2 The ‘standby’ was sounded and all hands put on steel helmets and lifebelts.

1991 B. Cox Salem to Moscow xviii. 161 The standby was given. Music. Lights. Cue first scene change.

a. With reference to an electrically powered (esp. electronic) device: an operational mode or state of readiness intended to save power and increase component life, in which the power is switched on but the device is not in active use; esp. such a mode in which the device is capable of being quickly activated by means of a user action or a signal from a remote control.Chiefly in on standby: see Phrases b.Attested earlier in adjectival use: see sense B. 2b.

ΚΠ

1941 Industr. & Engin. Chem. (Analyt. ed.) 13 832/2 R₁₂, is turned to the off position and the multiple selector switch, S₁, S₂, and S₃, is placed on position 2 (Standby), and the meter is adjusted to operate approximately one hour before it is used.

1990 Which Video? Mar. 50/4 Many modern TV sets are designed to shut down to standby when the transmitters go off late at night.

2005 Star Tribune (Minneapolis) (Nexis) 2 Feb. 8 d Is it best to turn off a computer overnight, leave it on all the time or let it remain on in the idle settings ‘standby’ or ‘hibernate’?

b. Readiness for duty or immediate deployment; (occasionally also) a period of this. Cf. sense B. 2a.Chiefly in on standby: see Phrases a.

ΚΠ

1946 R. E. Higginbotham Wine for my Brothers iv. 75 I'm on stand-by—take the wheel in fifteen minutes.

1974 D. Francis Knock Down iv. 45 I'm on stand-by from four this afternoon for twelve hours... Most stand-bys are just a bore.

a. A person waiting to be allocated an unreserved place for a journey, performance, etc. Cf. sense B. 5.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > air or space travel > people who fly in aircraft or spacecraft > [noun] > aircraft passengers > on stand-by, in civilian aviation

standby1952

1952 N.Y. Times 11 Feb. 6/4 Stand-bys Reported as Boarding.

1973 R. Hayes Hungarian Game iii. 30 Nearly a dozen standbys had taken the stage back to Mammoth village.

2018 Philadelphia Inquirer (Nexis) 19 Aug. h14 An American gate agent..listed us as the first standbys on the booked-solid noon flight.

b. Short for standby fare, standby ticket. Cf. sense B. 5.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > [noun] > fare > unbooked or awaiting vacancy

standby1980

society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > public passenger transport > [noun] > ticket for a public conveyance > other types of ticket

transfer-ticket1861

transfer1883

open date1967

saver1977

standby1980

1980 Daily Tel. 29 Aug. 7/2 The £20 Scottish standby, the airline claims, is more than £5 cheaper than the second-class rail fare.

2007 Times BFI 51st London Film Festival Programme 7/2 You can also queue for standbys, on sale 30 minutes before each screening.

5. An economic or financial measure prepared for implementation in specified circumstances. Occasionally also as a mass noun: such measures viewed collectively. Cf. sense B. 4.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > management of money > solvency > [noun] > credit > other specific types

trade credit1825

consumption credit1912

consumer credit1925

refinance credit1959

standby1959

1959 Daily Tel. 18 Dec. 20/5 It was in December, 1956, after the Suez crisis, that Britain drew $561 million from the Fund and arranged for a ‘stand-by’ of $738 million..to be drawn upon if necessary.

1985 Globe & Mail (Toronto) (Nexis) 3 Apr. Last year, when the dollar dipped in the spring and recovered later in the year, the Government used the standbys to borrow—and repay—$1.6-billion between March and November.

2004 E. Bishop Finance of Internat. Trade v. 95 Most standbys are actually payable at the issuing bank's counters.

B. adj.

a. Of a thing (esp. a vehicle, vessel, piece of equipment or technology, etc.): ready to be deployed immediately, esp. as a replacement or reserve in case of mechanical failure or other emergency; (also more generally) reliable.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > change > exchange > substitution > [adjective] > held in reserve

reserve1824

standby1882

back-up1952

society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > [adjective] > held in reserve

standby1882

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessels with other specific uses > [adjective] > kept ready for emergency

standby1882

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > types of machine generally > [adjective] > kept in reserve

standby1882

takeout1908

1882 Pall Mall Gaz. 21 June 5/1 To the 150 passengers was given the smaller ‘stand-by’ steamer.

1902 Daily Chron. 24 May 8/3 In Paris every summer foulard frocks re-appear with perennial freshness, and are made the stand-by gown of the woman of wisdom.

1954 ‘J. Christopher’ Twenty-second Cent. 122 I knew they would have the stand-by generators on in a minute or two.

1959 Economist 14 Mar. 992/2 In case of breakdown a ‘standby’ vehicle can be hired from the manufacturers when needed.

1982 Times 3 June 8/5 Several of the smaller frigates have been pulled out of standby fleets.

2018 Namibian (Windhoek) (Nexis) 17 Oct. We lease machines from the manufacturers, and they have a proper maintenance plan, repair when necessary, and/or provide replacement or standby machines.

b. Of a person or group: ready to provide support or assistance, esp. as a replacement or substitute for another in a role, job, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > [adjective] > prepared or ready > for duty if required

standby1891

1891 C. MacEwen Three Women in Boat ix. 61 She is a capital stand-by woman, holding her nerves as some people hold money—wisely and well.

1933 J. H. McCulloch Million Miles in Sail iii. 59 It was the standby man from the other watch, dragging us out again for another four-hour battle on the deck.

1958 Economist 16 Aug. 507/2 When he asked the assembly to create a United Nations ‘standby’ peace force, he was making a gesture of conciliation.

1981 G. Clare Last Waltz in Vienna (1982) ii. 144 My role was that of stand-by boy-friend very much playing second fiddle.

2019 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 11 July The low-cost carrier announced the cancellation of around 20,000 flights following an admission that it did not have enough standby pilots to operate a reliable schedule.

a. Designating a state, condition, or position of readiness; of or relating to this. Esp. in standby duty.Recorded earliest in standby loss n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > [adjective] > prepared or ready

i-radc888

yarec888

i-redec1000

i-redya1175

boundc1175

graith?c1225

aready1250

alreadyc1275

readyc1275

armedc1300

prestc1300

bentc1330

ripec1330

purveyed1435

mature?1440

apt1474

habile1485

in (a) case to (also for)1523

provided1533

in procinct1540

weeping-ripe1548

furnished1553

fit1569

preta1600

expedite1604

predy1613

procinct1618

foreprepared1642

presto1644

apparated1663

(ready) in one's gears1664

fallow1850

standby1893

organized1926

(to be) all set1949

1893 Electrician 20 Jan. 317/1 It [sc. a system] appears to allow the fires to be maintained uniformly, and thus the ‘stand-by losses’ of boilers [sc. of locomotives] worked for only a few hours a day may be avoided.

1912 Daily Mail 8 May 5/3 John Poigndestra, an A.B. on the Titanic, said he was on stand-by duty when the Titanic struck.

1922 Wireless World 10 355/1 The receiving telephones are hung on a special rest, this automatically putting the call-receiver in a stand-by position.

1944 Daily Progress (Charlottesville, Va.) 25 May 4/1 Ammunition plants which were closed or placed on a standby basis..have been ordered reopened.

2017 New Straits Times (Malaysia) (Nexis) 25 June 21 The TNB staff members, who represented about a quarter of TNB's workforce, had been on 24-hour standby duty since Friday.

b. With reference to an electrically powered (esp. electronic) device: of or relating to an operational mode or state of standby (sense A. 3a); designating such a mode or state.

ΚΠ

1941 Industr. & Engin. Chem. (Analyt. ed.) 13 832/2 By turning resistor R₁₂ to off position and selector switch S₂ to position 2, the meter is on the standby position in which the filaments are operated at one-half operating current and the plate battery is disconnected.

1956 Sci. Monthly July 18 A fairly substantial experiment could be carried out with power consumption of 50 watts..and 1 watt in standby condition.

1987 Television Jan. 178/1 The standby light is on but the set is otherwise dead.

2004 Wall St. Jrnl. 17 Dec. (Central ed.) w15/1 The TV, the VCR and the computer are in standby mode.

3. Of a charge paid for an electricity supply: remaining constant, fixed; levied for the availability of electricity in a given period, irrespective of the amount used.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > [noun] > for heating, lighting, or power

fire money1721

standby1900

1900 Jrnl. Inst. Electr. Engineers 29 680 What are called the Standing or Stand-by Charges. Other items which might fairly be added to the stand-by charges are the rent, rates and taxes, and part of the management expenses.

1953 Spectator 20 Mar. 346/2 The attitude of the electricity supply industry in relation to standby charges.

2007 Rev. Agric. Econ. 29 356 The utility would impose a ‘standby’ charge to pay for the availability of electricity to the farm when the generator is not running.

4. Designating an economic or financial measure prepared for implementation in specified circumstances; of or relating to a measure of this kind. Cf. line of credit n. at line n.² 30c.See also standby credit n.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > management of money > [adjective] > type of financial measure

standby1937

1937 N.Y. Times 16 Dec. 43/4 The desirability of entering into stand-by agreements is also a matter of judgment.

1947 Sun (Baltimore) 26 Nov. 14/3 The President's proposals for stand-by price-wage ceilings and rationing authority.

1962 Economist 9 June 996/2 Ways tob stimulate business..preferably by winning from Congress stand-by authority to cut taxes across the board.

2019 Korea Times (Nexis) 6 May The government turned to the International Monetary Fund, secured a $57 billion stand-by loan—the largest in the IMF's history.

5. Designating a system whereby unreserved or unclaimed places (originally for air travel, later also for other forms of passenger travel, or for performances) are allocated to people on the basis of earliest availability; of, relating to, or belonging to this. Frequently in standby fare, standby passenger, standby ticket. Cf. sense A. 4.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > air or space travel > transport by air > [adjective] > type of flight or service

non-scheduled1855

charter1922

standby1946

walk-on1959

red-eye1964

1946 Irish Times 19 Oct. 1/7 The airport lounge looked strange yesterday without its usual dozen or so stand-by passengers.

1968 ‘A. York’ Predator viii. 124 I had to come in as a standby tourist. But they've had a last-minute cancellation.

1991 Choice Mar. 65/1 Travel anywhere in mainland Britain for £6. This is the excellent offer National Express Coaches are making on standby fares to holders of their Seniors Coach Card.

2004 Webactive 14 Oct. 6/1 If you haven't managed to get a ticket before, you may be able to buy a standby ticket at half-price half an hour before a screening.

2019 Times (Nexis) 1 Aug. 8 Staff with more than six months' service can buy ‘standby’ tickets for themselves..for 10 per cent of the full fare plus any airport taxes. However, the standby nature of the tickets means that they are not guaranteed to be on a specific flight and must rely on seats being available on the day.

C. adv.

As a standby passenger; using a standby ticket. Cf. sense B. 5.

ΚΠ

1964 Guardian 13 Oct. 10/4 They think that by that time most passengers will be travelling standby.

1977 Daily Tel. 16 Sept. 1/3 The cost of travelling standby both ways is £149 as opposed to..the normal return fare between London and New York of £392.

2021 Christian Sci. Monitor (Nexis) 1 Nov. Once, while flying standby back from Europe, I was bumped off a flight 41 times in a row.

Phrases

on standby.

a. Immediately available or ready for duty; in a state of readiness. Cf. senses A. 3b, B. 2a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > [noun] > state of being prepared or ready > for duty

on standby1937

1937 S. B. Show et al. Fire Control Handbk. Region 5 (U.S. Dept. Agric. Forest Service) App. 13 156 8. Dispatcher Check List... Put other crews on standby. 9. Put other personnel on standby.

1946 R. E. Higginbotham Wine for my Brothers iv. 75 I'm on stand-by—take the wheel in fifteen minutes.

1971 W. Keenan Murder in Melancholy v. 48 We'll use two of the vans every night, the other will be on standby.

2006 Independent 17 July (Extra section) 2 (heading) He's got..a private jet on standby and hundreds of millions in the bank.

b. Of an electrically powered (esp. electronic) device: in an operational mode or state of readiness in which the power is switched on but the device is not in active use. Cf. sense A. 3a.

ΚΠ

1941 Industr. & Engin. Chem. (Analyt. ed.) 13 833/1 If the meter has been left on standby for some time, the drift is approximately 0.020 volt the first hour, after which it rapidly diminishes to the regular value.

1961 M. G. Say Electr. Engineer's Ref. Bk. (ed. 10) xxx. 100 A manually operated switch isolates part of the heaters when the machine is on stand-by.

2015 Guardian (Nexis) 4 Aug. Don't forget that equipment on standby can continue to use up to 70% of normal power consumption.

c. Waiting to be allocated an unreserved or unclaimed place on the basis of earliest availability; in possession of a standby ticket. Cf. sense B. 5.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > air or space travel > transport by air > [phrase] > on stand-by

on standby1962

1962 J. D. MacDonald Key to Suite ii. 26 ‘You got in real early.’ ‘Earlier than I wanted to. But all they could do for me on anything later was put me on standby.’

1970 Guardian 8 Sept. 11/4 All the flights are full. They're likely to be on standby half the night for seats on any plane.

2018 @brookiyuki 23 May in twitter.com (accessed 1 Dec. 2021) My flight is overbooked so I'm on standby for a seat [‘upside-down face’ emoji].

Compounds

standby bell n. (originally) a bell in the engine room of a vessel which rings as a signal to stop the engines (now rare); (later also more generally) a bell or similar device for signalling people to be prepared or ready.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > other nautical operations > [noun] > order for boat to stand by

standby bell1859

1859 Admiralty Circular No. 397 in Navy List (1861) 287/1 Before working the Telegraph the warning or ‘Stand by’ Bell is to be rung..; and this precaution for ensuring attention in the Engine Room is to be repeated whenever any considerable time has elapsed since the last order by the Telegraph was given.

1957 Proc. Merchant Marine Council, U.S. Coast Guard Oct. 155/2 With a standby bell to the engine room for some fancy maneuvering on short notice.

2009 @all4jj 10 Dec. in twitter.com (accessed 1 Dec. 2021) I just heard the Victoria Theatre standby bell as someone's ringtone! I want!!

standby credit n. Finance an additional credit facility agreed in advance, which is guaranteed to be made available if needed; cf. sense B. 4.

ΚΠ

1942 N.Y. Times 8 July 31/7 The Reynolds Tobacco Company has almost completed arrangements for a ‘stand-by’ credit of $75,000,000 from a group of banks in New York, Chicago and other cities.

1957 Times 17 Dec. 13/1 The decision to ask for an extension of the $739m. standby credit with the International Monetary Fund..is a logical one.

2010 Jrnl. Money, Credit & Banking 42 597/3 (table) The IMF increases its standby credit to Uruguay by about US$1.5, to a total of US$2.3 billion.

standby loss n. (frequently in plural) energy used in keeping a boiler, power plant, heating system, etc., in a state of readiness.

ΚΠ

1940 Chambers's Techn. Dict. 800/2 Stand-by losses, that part of the power expended in a generating station in order to maintain plant in instant readiness to take a sudden load.

2009 Philadelphia Inquirer 6 Nov. f2 Even if no hot water is drawn from the tank..the heater will operate periodically to maintain the temperature. This..is called standby loss.

standby time n. time spent on standby (in various senses); spec. the maximum time for which a mobile phone with a fully charged battery can remain in standby mode if calls are neither received nor made (cf. call time n. 2b(b)).

ΚΠ

1908 H. H. Evans in M. J. Foreman et al. Electrification Railway Terminals 230 Owing to better acceleration and more flexible control, together with ability to dispense with a good deal of the standby time and dead movement, an electric locomotive will be capable of giving a greater mileage per day.

1937 H. M. Wriston Nature of Liberal College v. 71 In most laboratory work there is frequent stand-by time which may be employed in reading if books are immediately available.

1984 Computer Decisions (Nexis) Mar. 132 A typical UPS [= uninterruptible power supply] designed to provide maximum standby time used to have huge banks of batteries.

1987 Los Angeles Times (Nexis) 20 Feb. v. 1 Leaving the phone on while awaiting a call reduces available talk time at a rate of about one minute for every five of stand-by time.

2010 @AvaniCimcon 23 Nov. in twitter.com (accessed 2 Oct. 2018) The phone features a 624MHz processor and a battery life of up to 5 hours of talktime or 336 hours of standby time.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2022).

单词	standby
释义	standbyn.adj.adv. Brit. /ˈstan(d)bʌɪ/, U.S. /ˈstæn(d)ˌbaɪ/ Forms: 1700s– standby, 1800s–1900s standbye, 1900s standbi. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymons: to stand by —— at stand v. Phrasal verbs 2, to stand by at Phrasal verbs 1. Etymology: Partly (in sense A. 1) < to stand by —— at stand v. Phrasal verbs 2, and partly < to stand by at Phrasal verbs 1. A. n. 1. a. A person ready to provide support or assistance, esp. as a replacement or substitute for another in a role, job, etc. Hence also: a person who can be relied on, a supporter or adherent. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > support > [noun] > that which or one who supports > one who uptakera1340 holder-upc1374 upbearer1387 bearera1398 undernimmera1400 weighera1400 upholderc1403 ally1406 allya1431 godfather?1541 propper1549 tower of strength1549 backer1583 moyener?1591 backfriend1599 stayer1611 suppositor1629 susceptor1652 standby1712 bottle holder1788 understander1875 buddy1893 anchorman1895 backer-up1921 1712 E. Harrold Diary 30 Nov. (2008) 50 In ye after[noon] my sixth daughter Sarah was baptized... I was disapointed of my gos[s]ips. [I] got 2 [gossips], [with a] stand by [as] proxsie, [though I] put yn to no charge extradinary. 1857 Lady Canning in A. J. C. Hare Two Noble Lives (1893) II. 238 Neill is made a General, and joins General Havelock, and a capital stand-by he is. 1887 S. Baring-Gould Golden Feather viii His mother had always been his stand-by against the severity of his father. 1913 J. Masefield in Eng. Rev. Feb. 379 I am her standby, and she needs me still; If not to love she needs me to decide. 2005 N.Y. Mag. 20 June 73/2 With such a short scene onstage, what do you do when the play's going on? Most of the time, I'm upstairs with the standbys in the show. I'm hanging out with them, chatting away, cutting up. b. Something that can be relied on; a main support; a chief resource. Frequently with modifying adjective.In quot. 1796: a vessel kept in reserve or in a state of readiness. ΘΚΠ the world > time > change > exchange > substitution > [noun] > something held in reserve second string1643 presidiary1745 standby1782 fallback1860 back-up1952 the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > instrumentality > [noun] > (a) means > resources > a chief resource standby1782 society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessels with other specific uses > [noun] > vessel kept ready for emergency standby1796 lifeboat1831 1782 in E. E. Rich Cumberland House Jrnls. & Inland Jrnls. 1775–82 (1952) 2nd Ser. 283 This Tent was my whole stand by for Provisions. 1796 Ld. Nelson Let. 18 July in Dispatches & Lett. (1846) VII. p. xci Meleager [sc. a ship] is my only stand-by and every week I must send something to Genoa for news. 1861 C. P. Hodgson Residence at Nagasaki & Hakodate iii. 70 We had that famous stand-bye [sic], a good ham, three fowls, sardines, bread and tea. 1882 R. L. Stevenson Let. 22 Feb. (1912) 103 Art and marriage are two very good stand-by's. 1978 Audubon Mar. 99/1 There is a rush to find clean, safe sources of energy before the old standbys run out. 2007 S. Foster Sara Foster's Casual Cooking 9 That essential standby of any seasoned home cook: leftovers. 2. An order or alert to be ready for duty or deployment. Now rare.With quot. 1883 cf. standby bell n. ΚΠ 1883 Cornishman 2 Aug. 6/1 The bell in the engine-room sounded ‘stand by’. 1944 Information Bull. (Embassy of U.S.S.R., Washington, D.C.) 1 Aug. 2/2 The ‘standby’ was sounded and all hands put on steel helmets and lifebelts. 1991 B. Cox Salem to Moscow xviii. 161 The standby was given. Music. Lights. Cue first scene change. 3. a. With reference to an electrically powered (esp. electronic) device: an operational mode or state of readiness intended to save power and increase component life, in which the power is switched on but the device is not in active use; esp. such a mode in which the device is capable of being quickly activated by means of a user action or a signal from a remote control.Chiefly in on standby: see Phrases b.Attested earlier in adjectival use: see sense B. 2b. ΚΠ 1941 Industr. & Engin. Chem. (Analyt. ed.) 13 832/2 R₁₂, is turned to the off position and the multiple selector switch, S₁, S₂, and S₃, is placed on position 2 (Standby), and the meter is adjusted to operate approximately one hour before it is used. 1990 Which Video? Mar. 50/4 Many modern TV sets are designed to shut down to standby when the transmitters go off late at night. 2005 Star Tribune (Minneapolis) (Nexis) 2 Feb. 8 d Is it best to turn off a computer overnight, leave it on all the time or let it remain on in the idle settings ‘standby’ or ‘hibernate’? b. Readiness for duty or immediate deployment; (occasionally also) a period of this. Cf. sense B. 2a.Chiefly in on standby: see Phrases a. ΚΠ 1946 R. E. Higginbotham Wine for my Brothers iv. 75 I'm on stand-by—take the wheel in fifteen minutes. 1974 D. Francis Knock Down iv. 45 I'm on stand-by from four this afternoon for twelve hours... Most stand-bys are just a bore. 4. a. A person waiting to be allocated an unreserved place for a journey, performance, etc. Cf. sense B. 5. ΘΚΠ society > travel > air or space travel > people who fly in aircraft or spacecraft > [noun] > aircraft passengers > on stand-by, in civilian aviation standby1952 1952 N.Y. Times 11 Feb. 6/4 Stand-bys Reported as Boarding. 1973 R. Hayes Hungarian Game iii. 30 Nearly a dozen standbys had taken the stage back to Mammoth village. 2018 Philadelphia Inquirer (Nexis) 19 Aug. h14 An American gate agent..listed us as the first standbys on the booked-solid noon flight. b. Short for standby fare, standby ticket. Cf. sense B. 5. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > [noun] > fare > unbooked or awaiting vacancy standby1980 society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > public passenger transport > [noun] > ticket for a public conveyance > other types of ticket transfer-ticket1861 transfer1883 open date1967 saver1977 standby1980 1980 Daily Tel. 29 Aug. 7/2 The £20 Scottish standby, the airline claims, is more than £5 cheaper than the second-class rail fare. 2007 Times BFI 51st London Film Festival Programme 7/2 You can also queue for standbys, on sale 30 minutes before each screening. 5. An economic or financial measure prepared for implementation in specified circumstances. Occasionally also as a mass noun: such measures viewed collectively. Cf. sense B. 4. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > management of money > solvency > [noun] > credit > other specific types trade credit1825 consumption credit1912 consumer credit1925 refinance credit1959 standby1959 1959 Daily Tel. 18 Dec. 20/5 It was in December, 1956, after the Suez crisis, that Britain drew $561 million from the Fund and arranged for a ‘stand-by’ of $738 million..to be drawn upon if necessary. 1985 Globe & Mail (Toronto) (Nexis) 3 Apr. Last year, when the dollar dipped in the spring and recovered later in the year, the Government used the standbys to borrow—and repay—$1.6-billion between March and November. 2004 E. Bishop Finance of Internat. Trade v. 95 Most standbys are actually payable at the issuing bank's counters. B. adj. 1. a. Of a thing (esp. a vehicle, vessel, piece of equipment or technology, etc.): ready to be deployed immediately, esp. as a replacement or reserve in case of mechanical failure or other emergency; (also more generally) reliable. ΘΚΠ the world > time > change > exchange > substitution > [adjective] > held in reserve reserve1824 standby1882 back-up1952 society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > [adjective] > held in reserve standby1882 society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessels with other specific uses > [adjective] > kept ready for emergency standby1882 society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > types of machine generally > [adjective] > kept in reserve standby1882 takeout1908 1882 Pall Mall Gaz. 21 June 5/1 To the 150 passengers was given the smaller ‘stand-by’ steamer. 1902 Daily Chron. 24 May 8/3 In Paris every summer foulard frocks re-appear with perennial freshness, and are made the stand-by gown of the woman of wisdom. 1954 ‘J. Christopher’ Twenty-second Cent. 122 I knew they would have the stand-by generators on in a minute or two. 1959 Economist 14 Mar. 992/2 In case of breakdown a ‘standby’ vehicle can be hired from the manufacturers when needed. 1982 Times 3 June 8/5 Several of the smaller frigates have been pulled out of standby fleets. 2018 Namibian (Windhoek) (Nexis) 17 Oct. We lease machines from the manufacturers, and they have a proper maintenance plan, repair when necessary, and/or provide replacement or standby machines. b. Of a person or group: ready to provide support or assistance, esp. as a replacement or substitute for another in a role, job, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > [adjective] > prepared or ready > for duty if required standby1891 1891 C. MacEwen Three Women in Boat ix. 61 She is a capital stand-by woman, holding her nerves as some people hold money—wisely and well. 1933 J. H. McCulloch Million Miles in Sail iii. 59 It was the standby man from the other watch, dragging us out again for another four-hour battle on the deck. 1958 Economist 16 Aug. 507/2 When he asked the assembly to create a United Nations ‘standby’ peace force, he was making a gesture of conciliation. 1981 G. Clare Last Waltz in Vienna (1982) ii. 144 My role was that of stand-by boy-friend very much playing second fiddle. 2019 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 11 July The low-cost carrier announced the cancellation of around 20,000 flights following an admission that it did not have enough standby pilots to operate a reliable schedule. 2. a. Designating a state, condition, or position of readiness; of or relating to this. Esp. in standby duty.Recorded earliest in standby loss n. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > [adjective] > prepared or ready i-radc888 yarec888 i-redec1000 i-redya1175 boundc1175 graith?c1225 aready1250 alreadyc1275 readyc1275 armedc1300 prestc1300 bentc1330 ripec1330 purveyed1435 mature?1440 apt1474 habile1485 in (a) case to (also for)1523 provided1533 in procinct1540 weeping-ripe1548 furnished1553 fit1569 preta1600 expedite1604 predy1613 procinct1618 foreprepared1642 presto1644 apparated1663 (ready) in one's gears1664 fallow1850 standby1893 organized1926 (to be) all set1949 1893 Electrician 20 Jan. 317/1 It [sc. a system] appears to allow the fires to be maintained uniformly, and thus the ‘stand-by losses’ of boilers [sc. of locomotives] worked for only a few hours a day may be avoided. 1912 Daily Mail 8 May 5/3 John Poigndestra, an A.B. on the Titanic, said he was on stand-by duty when the Titanic struck. 1922 Wireless World 10 355/1 The receiving telephones are hung on a special rest, this automatically putting the call-receiver in a stand-by position. 1944 Daily Progress (Charlottesville, Va.) 25 May 4/1 Ammunition plants which were closed or placed on a standby basis..have been ordered reopened. 2017 New Straits Times (Malaysia) (Nexis) 25 June 21 The TNB staff members, who represented about a quarter of TNB's workforce, had been on 24-hour standby duty since Friday. b. With reference to an electrically powered (esp. electronic) device: of or relating to an operational mode or state of standby (sense A. 3a); designating such a mode or state. ΚΠ 1941 Industr. & Engin. Chem. (Analyt. ed.) 13 832/2 By turning resistor R₁₂ to off position and selector switch S₂ to position 2, the meter is on the standby position in which the filaments are operated at one-half operating current and the plate battery is disconnected. 1956 Sci. Monthly July 18 A fairly substantial experiment could be carried out with power consumption of 50 watts..and 1 watt in standby condition. 1987 Television Jan. 178/1 The standby light is on but the set is otherwise dead. 2004 Wall St. Jrnl. 17 Dec. (Central ed.) w15/1 The TV, the VCR and the computer are in standby mode. 3. Of a charge paid for an electricity supply: remaining constant, fixed; levied for the availability of electricity in a given period, irrespective of the amount used. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > [noun] > for heating, lighting, or power fire money1721 standby1900 1900 Jrnl. Inst. Electr. Engineers 29 680 What are called the Standing or Stand-by Charges. Other items which might fairly be added to the stand-by charges are the rent, rates and taxes, and part of the management expenses. 1953 Spectator 20 Mar. 346/2 The attitude of the electricity supply industry in relation to standby charges. 2007 Rev. Agric. Econ. 29 356 The utility would impose a ‘standby’ charge to pay for the availability of electricity to the farm when the generator is not running. 4. Designating an economic or financial measure prepared for implementation in specified circumstances; of or relating to a measure of this kind. Cf. line of credit n. at line n.² 30c.See also standby credit n. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > management of money > [adjective] > type of financial measure standby1937 1937 N.Y. Times 16 Dec. 43/4 The desirability of entering into stand-by agreements is also a matter of judgment. 1947 Sun (Baltimore) 26 Nov. 14/3 The President's proposals for stand-by price-wage ceilings and rationing authority. 1962 Economist 9 June 996/2 Ways tob stimulate business..preferably by winning from Congress stand-by authority to cut taxes across the board. 2019 Korea Times (Nexis) 6 May The government turned to the International Monetary Fund, secured a $57 billion stand-by loan—the largest in the IMF's history. 5. Designating a system whereby unreserved or unclaimed places (originally for air travel, later also for other forms of passenger travel, or for performances) are allocated to people on the basis of earliest availability; of, relating to, or belonging to this. Frequently in standby fare, standby passenger, standby ticket. Cf. sense A. 4. ΘΚΠ society > travel > air or space travel > transport by air > [adjective] > type of flight or service non-scheduled1855 charter1922 standby1946 walk-on1959 red-eye1964 1946 Irish Times 19 Oct. 1/7 The airport lounge looked strange yesterday without its usual dozen or so stand-by passengers. 1968 ‘A. York’ Predator viii. 124 I had to come in as a standby tourist. But they've had a last-minute cancellation. 1991 Choice Mar. 65/1 Travel anywhere in mainland Britain for £6. This is the excellent offer National Express Coaches are making on standby fares to holders of their Seniors Coach Card. 2004 Webactive 14 Oct. 6/1 If you haven't managed to get a ticket before, you may be able to buy a standby ticket at half-price half an hour before a screening. 2019 Times (Nexis) 1 Aug. 8 Staff with more than six months' service can buy ‘standby’ tickets for themselves..for 10 per cent of the full fare plus any airport taxes. However, the standby nature of the tickets means that they are not guaranteed to be on a specific flight and must rely on seats being available on the day. C. adv. As a standby passenger; using a standby ticket. Cf. sense B. 5. ΚΠ 1964 Guardian 13 Oct. 10/4 They think that by that time most passengers will be travelling standby. 1977 Daily Tel. 16 Sept. 1/3 The cost of travelling standby both ways is £149 as opposed to..the normal return fare between London and New York of £392. 2021 Christian Sci. Monitor (Nexis) 1 Nov. Once, while flying standby back from Europe, I was bumped off a flight 41 times in a row. Phrases on standby. a. Immediately available or ready for duty; in a state of readiness. Cf. senses A. 3b, B. 2a. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > [noun] > state of being prepared or ready > for duty on standby1937 1937 S. B. Show et al. Fire Control Handbk. Region 5 (U.S. Dept. Agric. Forest Service) App. 13 156 8. Dispatcher Check List... Put other crews on standby. 9. Put other personnel on standby. 1946 R. E. Higginbotham Wine for my Brothers iv. 75 I'm on stand-by—take the wheel in fifteen minutes. 1971 W. Keenan Murder in Melancholy v. 48 We'll use two of the vans every night, the other will be on standby. 2006 Independent 17 July (Extra section) 2 (heading) He's got..a private jet on standby and hundreds of millions in the bank. b. Of an electrically powered (esp. electronic) device: in an operational mode or state of readiness in which the power is switched on but the device is not in active use. Cf. sense A. 3a. ΚΠ 1941 Industr. & Engin. Chem. (Analyt. ed.) 13 833/1 If the meter has been left on standby for some time, the drift is approximately 0.020 volt the first hour, after which it rapidly diminishes to the regular value. 1961 M. G. Say Electr. Engineer's Ref. Bk. (ed. 10) xxx. 100 A manually operated switch isolates part of the heaters when the machine is on stand-by. 2015 Guardian (Nexis) 4 Aug. Don't forget that equipment on standby can continue to use up to 70% of normal power consumption. c. Waiting to be allocated an unreserved or unclaimed place on the basis of earliest availability; in possession of a standby ticket. Cf. sense B. 5. ΘΚΠ society > travel > air or space travel > transport by air > [phrase] > on stand-by on standby1962 1962 J. D. MacDonald Key to Suite ii. 26 ‘You got in real early.’ ‘Earlier than I wanted to. But all they could do for me on anything later was put me on standby.’ 1970 Guardian 8 Sept. 11/4 All the flights are full. They're likely to be on standby half the night for seats on any plane. 2018 @brookiyuki 23 May in twitter.com (accessed 1 Dec. 2021) My flight is overbooked so I'm on standby for a seat [‘upside-down face’ emoji]. Compounds standby bell n. (originally) a bell in the engine room of a vessel which rings as a signal to stop the engines (now rare); (later also more generally) a bell or similar device for signalling people to be prepared or ready. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > other nautical operations > [noun] > order for boat to stand by standby bell1859 1859 Admiralty Circular No. 397 in Navy List (1861) 287/1 Before working the Telegraph the warning or ‘Stand by’ Bell is to be rung..; and this precaution for ensuring attention in the Engine Room is to be repeated whenever any considerable time has elapsed since the last order by the Telegraph was given. 1957 Proc. Merchant Marine Council, U.S. Coast Guard Oct. 155/2 With a standby bell to the engine room for some fancy maneuvering on short notice. 2009 @all4jj 10 Dec. in twitter.com (accessed 1 Dec. 2021) I just heard the Victoria Theatre standby bell as someone's ringtone! I want!! standby credit n. Finance an additional credit facility agreed in advance, which is guaranteed to be made available if needed; cf. sense B. 4. ΚΠ 1942 N.Y. Times 8 July 31/7 The Reynolds Tobacco Company has almost completed arrangements for a ‘stand-by’ credit of $75,000,000 from a group of banks in New York, Chicago and other cities. 1957 Times 17 Dec. 13/1 The decision to ask for an extension of the $739m. standby credit with the International Monetary Fund..is a logical one. 2010 Jrnl. Money, Credit & Banking 42 597/3 (table) The IMF increases its standby credit to Uruguay by about US$1.5, to a total of US$2.3 billion. standby loss n. (frequently in plural) energy used in keeping a boiler, power plant, heating system, etc., in a state of readiness. ΚΠ 1893 Electrician 20 Jan. 317/1 It [sc. a system] appears to allow the fires to be maintained uniformly, and thus the ‘stand-by losses’ of boilers [sc. of locomotives] worked for only a few hours a day may be avoided. 1940 Chambers's Techn. Dict. 800/2 Stand-by losses, that part of the power expended in a generating station in order to maintain plant in instant readiness to take a sudden load. 2009 Philadelphia Inquirer 6 Nov. f2 Even if no hot water is drawn from the tank..the heater will operate periodically to maintain the temperature. This..is called standby loss. standby time n. time spent on standby (in various senses); spec. the maximum time for which a mobile phone with a fully charged battery can remain in standby mode if calls are neither received nor made (cf. call time n. 2b(b)). ΚΠ 1908 H. H. Evans in M. J. Foreman et al. Electrification Railway Terminals 230 Owing to better acceleration and more flexible control, together with ability to dispense with a good deal of the standby time and dead movement, an electric locomotive will be capable of giving a greater mileage per day. 1937 H. M. Wriston Nature of Liberal College v. 71 In most laboratory work there is frequent stand-by time which may be employed in reading if books are immediately available. 1984 Computer Decisions (Nexis) Mar. 132 A typical UPS [= uninterruptible power supply] designed to provide maximum standby time used to have huge banks of batteries. 1987 Los Angeles Times (Nexis) 20 Feb. v. 1 Leaving the phone on while awaiting a call reduces available talk time at a rate of about one minute for every five of stand-by time. 2010 @AvaniCimcon 23 Nov. in twitter.com (accessed 2 Oct. 2018) The phone features a 624MHz processor and a battery life of up to 5 hours of talktime or 336 hours of standby time. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2022). < n.adj.adv.1712
随便看	little lady little language little leaf little league little leaguer little lion little little little locust bird little lord fauntleroy little lunch little madam little mag little magazine little man little mary little mass little master little me little me is of little monkey little mother little ned little neddy little number little old