shrugn.

Brit.

/ʃrʌɡ/, U.S.

/ʃrəɡ/

Forms: Also 1600s shrugg.

Etymology: < shrug v.

†1.

a. A tug, pull.The first quot. c1460 is obscure.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > impelling or driving > pushing and pulling > [noun] > pulling > a pull

pullc1390

draw1655

haul1670

shrug1742

rive1809

c1460 Play Sacram. 597 Here master master ware how ye tugg The devylle I trowe w^t in shrugge for yt gooth rebylle rable.

1742 H. Walpole Let. to H. Mann 7 July All the effect this notable speech had was to frighten my uncle, and make him give two or three shrugs extraordinary to his breeches.

b. A shake (of the hand).

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > courteous act or expression > [noun] > greeting or salutation > gesture > handshake

handygriping1577

wring1605

handshaking1647

shruga1653

hand-griping1700

shake1712

shake-hands1800

handshake1802

handgrip1837

pump-handler1844

glad hand1895

a1653 Z. Boyd Zion's Flowers (1855) 12 Unto this fellowe..I'le goe, And with my hand will give a shrug or two.

2. A raising and contraction of the shoulders to express dislike, disdain, indifference, or the like.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > indication > gesturing or gesture > other gestures > [noun] > shrug

shruggingc1460

shrink1590

shrug1594

shrinking1638

macaroni shrug1775

1594 T. Nashe Vnfortunate Traveller sig. L3^v It is growne to a common prouerb, Ile giue him the Neapolitan shrug, when one meanes to play the villaine, and makes no boast of it.

1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice i. iii. 108 Still haue I borne it with a patient shrug .

1617 F. Moryson Itinerary ii. 167 To these exceptions hee answered with a Spanish shrug of the shouldier.

a1625 J. Fletcher Monsieur Thomas (1639) i. ii. sig. B4 Sirha, no more of your French shrugs I advise you.

1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 75. ⁋6 He contradicts with a Shrug, and confutes with a certain sufficiency.

1775 F. Burney Jrnl. 3 Apr. in Early Jrnls. & Lett. (1990) II. 101 He is a lively man, full of Chat, & foreign shrugs & Actions.

1831 W. Scott Count Robert iii, in Tales of my Landlord 4th Ser. I. 94 A scarce visible shrug of apology.

1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. xxiv. 170 The Guide Chef..met me with a polite sympathetic shrug.

1872 C. Darwin Expression Emotions Man & Animals xi. 267 He ordered a Bengalee to climb a lofty tree; but the man, with a shrug of his shoulders, and a lateral shake of his head, said he could not.

1886 T. Frost Reminisc. Country Journalist 99 I passed on, with a smile and a shrug.

†3. A shifting or hitching of the body, a fidgety movement (cf. shrug v. 5). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > bodily movement > [noun] > qualities of bodily movement > unease or awkwardness

shrug1627

fidgetation1742

1627 W. Hawkins Apollo Shroving iv. vi. 72 There is a drowsie shrugge... This shrugge is commonly performed with displaying out the armes, and yawning with the mouth.

1627 W. Hawkins Apollo Shroving iv. vi. 72 The Misers shrugge, the winter shrugge, the drowsie shrugge, the lousie shrugge.

†4. A shiver, shudder. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in specific manner > alternating or reciprocating motion > oscillation > vibration > [noun] > trembling or quivering > with cold, infirmity, or emotion > an act or fit of

tremor1616

shakea1625

shrug1713

shiver1727

shivering fit1816

shivering attack1899

1713 R. Wodrow Corr. (1842) I. 448 The Lord Advocate died..without any shruggs of death.

5. A short, close-fitting woman's jacket or shoulder stole with sleeves, originally knitted or crocheted. Also attributive, as shrug jacket. Originally U.S.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > jacket > close-fitting

jackanapes coat1626

waistcoata1628

monkey jacket1822

polka1845

reefing jacket1846

polka jacket1849

monkey coat1859

hug-me-tight1860

reefer1870

jersey1889

reefer coat1901

shrug1957

Nehru jacket1962

1957 Knitted Outerwear Times 12 Aug. 23/2 Women are buying the Orlon shrug for wear over sleeveless dresses and in air conditioned rooms.

1962 Guardian 5 Oct. 8/5 (caption) This ensemble..is made up of skirt and shrug in royal blue loose weave mockknit.

1973 Country Life 25 Jan. 250/2 Lucca lamb shrug.

1980 Times 12 Feb. 7/6 Camisole top and shrug jacket takes 7 50g balls of 3 Suisses Barbara.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

shrugv.

Brit.

/ʃrʌɡ/, U.S.

/ʃrəɡ/

Forms: Middle English schrugge, shrukke, Middle English–1600s shrugge, 1500s shroge, shruck, 1700s shrugg, 1500s– shrug.

Etymology: Of obscure origin. Swedish dialect skrukka, skrugge to crouch, sit doubled up, Danish skrukke, skrugge to duck with the head, to walk with a stoop, are probably unconnected.

1. intransitive. To shiver; to shudder for cold or fear. Now rare or Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > fear > physical symptoms of fear > exhibit physical symptoms [verb (intransitive)] > shudder with fear

quakeOE

agriseOE

quavec1225

grisea1250

shiverc1250

aquake1303

tremble1303

gruec1330

shuddera1350

darea1400

gryec1400

grillc1420

fremishc1425

shrugc1440

oggle?a1475

hugge1483

starkle?1544

trepidate1623

quiver1670

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > coldness > be cold [verb (intransitive)] > be cold or have sensation of cold > shiver with cold

shiverc1250

quakec1300

chillc1440

chymerc1440

hugge1483

chittera1529

shrug1549

reesle1882

nither1890

c1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 120 A scharp feuere falliþ, þe which arrigor [= a rigor], þat is to seie a cold schurgynge [? read schrugynge], goiþ tofore.]

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 449/1 Schruggyn [Winch. MS. shruggon], frigulo.

1549 M. Coverdale et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. II. 1 Pet. iv. f. xi^v As often as we loke backe at them, we shrugge for feare to remembre suche fylthynes of lyfe.

1566 T. Blundeville Order curing Horses Dis. f. 56, in Fower Offices Horsemanshippe He will be chill and shrugge for colde.

1609 T. Dekker Guls Horne-bk. sig. E2 The French Lacquey, and Irish Footeboy, shrugging at the doores.

1642 D. Rogers Naaman 580 To shrugge in cold weather, and to wish a fire.

a1677 T. Manton Serm. Ps. cxix. 136 He that shrugs when he sees a snake creep upon another.

1702 S. Parker tr. Cicero Five Bks. De Finibus ii. 130 It makes me shrugg when I call to mind the Agonies which he suffer'd.

2. To raise (and contract) the shoulders, esp. as an expression of disdain, indifference, disclaiming responsibility, etc.; in early use also, †to cringe.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > raising > raise [verb (intransitive)] > specifically the shoulders

shrug?c1450

society > communication > indication > gesturing or gesture > other gestures > [verb (intransitive)] > shrug

shrug1587

to shrink up (occasionally in) one's shoulders1605

?c1450 in G. J. Aungier Hist. & Antiq. Syon Monastery (1840) 299 They schal not..caste oute ther armes or handes, nor schrugge withe the scholders.

1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. 1154/2 If they did either frowne or shrug at him.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Coriolanus (1623) i. x. 4 Where great Patricians shall attend, and shrug, I'th'end admire.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) i. ii. 369 Hag-seed, hence:..shrug'st thou (Malice)?

1680 J. Dryden Kind Keeper i. i. 11 Here, will you take me at my word? Wood. (Shrugging up) Troppo poco, troppo co.

1788 F. Burney Diary 10 Jan. (1842) IV. 18 I was quite shocked for her, and could only shrug in dismay.

1817 W. Scott Rob Roy III. vi. 159 Ewan..shrugged as one who would express by that sign that what he was doing was none of his own choice.

1859 G. Meredith Ordeal Richard Feverel III. xiii. 357 Adrian..rose and accompanied him out of the room, shrugging.

1880 G. W. Cable Grandissimes xiv The quadroon shrugged.

a. transitive. To raise and contract (the shoulders) in this way. Formerly often with up.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > indication > gesturing or gesture > other gestures > [verb (transitive)] > shrug (the shoulders)

castc1450

shruga1549

fike1788

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > raising > make to go up or cause to rise [verb (transitive)] > raise > specifically a part of the body > specifically the shoulders

shruga1549

a1549 A. Borde Fyrst Bk. Introd. Knowl. (1870) 187 Yf he cast hys head at the one syde, and do shroge vp hys shoulders.

1594 T. Nashe Vnfortunate Traveller sig. C^v The actions that he vsed, of shrucking vp his shoulders,..and biting the lip.

1596 T. Nashe Haue with you to Saffron-Walden sig. G2 If..I had not seene him shrug his shoulders, and talk of going to the Bathe.

1603 T. Dekker 1603: Wonderfull Yeare sig. F1 In that siluer contemplation, shrugging his shoulders together.

1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 264. ⁋2 He..shrugs his shoulder when you talk of Securities.

1805 W. Wordsworth Waggoner i. 66 He shrugs his shoulders, shakes his head.

1835–6 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. I. 359 The triangular space between the deltoid and pectoral may be seen even in the living person when the shoulders are shrugged up.

1876 J. R. Green Stray Stud. Eng. & Italy 48 The Italian shrugs his shoulders and submits in a humorous way.

b. figurative. to shrug (something) off or aside: to dismiss or reject (something) in an offhand manner; to be unaffected by.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > indifference > be indifferent or show indifference to [verb (transitive)] > dismiss or reject (something) indifferently

to toss off1845

to shrug (something) off or aside1909

to give (a person) the elbow1938

the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > ignoring, disregard > ignore, disregard [verb (transitive)] > pay little attention, slight

neglect1529

flightc1571

slight1600

slighten1605

forgo1858

cold-shoulder1872

to shrug (something) off or aside1909

1909 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Shrug off.

1932 Now & Then Spring 15/2 He might shrug aside or be bored or even disgusted by Strange Interlude or Mourning Becomes Electra.

1949 Catholic Times 4 Mar. 5/1 The disgrace of Yalta can never be shrugged off.

1963 Observer 17 Feb. 23/5 Some house~flies and mosquitoes can now shrug off not one but several of the most lethal poisons.

1981 Times 18 Apr. 21/5 The stockmarket has also shrugged aside the collapse of Hedderick Stirling Grumbar.

4. nonce-uses.

a. To bring by shrugging (into..).

ΚΠ

1766 O. Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield I. xviii. 194 It is not the composition of the piece, but the number of starts and attitudes that may be introduced into it that elicits applause. I have known a piece, with not one jest in the whole, shrugged into popularity.

b. To express by means of a shrug.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > indication > gesturing or gesture > other gestures > [verb (transitive)] > shrug (the shoulders) > express by shrugging

shrug1897

1897 ‘A. Hope’ Phroso i He..shrugged a tolerant ‘As you will’, with eloquent shoulders.

†5. intransitive (and reflexive). To move the body from side to side as with uneasiness, or as a gesture of joy or self-satisfaction; to fidget about. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > restlessness > [verb (intransitive)]

fikec1220

walka1225

shrugc1460

friga1500

fridgea1550

toss1560

fidge1575

trifle1618

figglea1652

jiffle1674

nestle1699

fidget1753

rummage1755

fissle1786

c1460 J. Russell Bk. Nurture 287 Nor pikynge, nor trifelynge, ne shrukkynge as þauȝ ye wold sawe.

1567 T. Harman Caueat for Commen Cursetors (new ed.) sig. Fii^v The good man of the house shrodge [? read shrogde] hym for Ioye thinking to hym selfe I wyll make some pastyme with you anone.

1601 J. Marston et al. Iacke Drums Entertainm. iii. sig. D4^v Mounsieurs Goat drunke, and he shrugges, and skrubbes, and hees it for a wench.

a1631 J. Donne Satires i. 74 He..grins, smacks, shrugs, and such an itch endures, As prentises, or schoole-boyes which doe know Of some gay sport abroad, yet dare not goe.

a1639 T. Dekker et al. Witch of Edmonton (1658) iv. ii. 48 (stage direct.) Enter Dog, shrugging as it were for joy, and dances.

1651 H. More Second Lash of Alazanomastix in Enthusiasmus Triumphatus (1656) M 2 b That Book..I intended onely for a stumble to wake you (that you might shrugg and rub your eyes, and see in what a naked condition you are).

1652 Roxburghe Ballads (1891) VII. 479 The Louse gave a tug, that made the Taylor shrug.

6. reflexive and intransitive. To draw oneself together, ‘curl’ oneself up; to shrink. ? Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > posture > act of drawing body into compact form > drawn into compact form [verb (transitive)]

shrinkc1374

shrug1603

mitch1612

huddle1755

scrunch1844

the world > space > extension in space > reduction in size or extent > become reduced in size or extent [verb (intransitive)] > contract or shrink > the body, to occupy less space

shrug1725

squinch1843

1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. iii. ix. 588 Let mee shrowd and shrugge my selfe into my shell, as a tortoise.

1631 B. Jonson Divell is Asse i. iv. 80 (stage direct.) in Wks. II Hee shrugs himselfe vp in the cloake.

1725 N. Robinson New Theory of Physick 39 How Plants, when they first begin to bud, will shrug and contract the little Stem.

1845 S. Judd Margaret i. xvii. 159 Robin, the bird,..shrugs and folds itself into its feathers.

†7. intransitive. To shrink back or away, cower; occasionally const. infinitive, to hesitate to do something. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > backward movement > move backwards [verb (intransitive)] > shrink or flinch

fikec1220

wincha1250

withshontec1450

shrink1513

squitch1570

blanch1572

shruga1577

to shrink in the neck1581

wink1605

budgea1616

shy1650

shudder1668

flincha1677

wincea1748

the world > action or operation > inaction > not doing > abstaining or refraining from action > abstain or refrain from action [verb (intransitive)] > avoid > shrink or recoil

wondec897

blencha1250

shunta1250

scurnc1325

blenka1330

blinka1400

startc1400

shrink1508

blanch1572

swerve1573

shruga1577

flinch1578

recoil1582

budgea1616

shucka1620

smay1632

blunk1655

shudder1668

resile1678

skew1678

reluctate1833

a1577 G. Gascoigne Grief of Joye ii. lv, in Compl. Wks. (1910) II. 537 That from the sonne, we shrug into the shade, And drowping sitt.

1589 A. Fleming tr. Virgil Georgiks i. 7 in A. Fleming tr. Virgil Bucoliks But that thou dost refuse and shrug to know such slender cares.

1642 D. Rogers Naaman 385 Let us not..shrug at the difficulty.

1675 T. Brooks Golden Key 274 Will you shrug, and shrink, and faint, and fret, when you are reproached for his name?

†8. transitive. To contract or jerk uneasily. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in specific manner > sudden movement > cause to move suddenly [verb (transitive)] > jerk

braida1000

hitch1440

spang1513

jog1548

jert1566

jerk1582

gag1587

to toss up1588

tossa1618

thrip1674

shrug1678

flip1712

hotch1823

switch1842

slirt1870

hoick1898

quirk1978

1678 S. Butler Hudibras: Third Pt. iii. i. 11 He shrug'd his sturdy back, As if he felt his Shoulders ake.

9. To jerk, pull or tug up. U.S.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > impelling or driving > pushing and pulling > push and pull [verb (transitive)] > pull > suddenly or sharply

twickeOE

plitchOE

to-twitchc1175

twitchc1330

tricec1386

tita1400

pluckc1400

ramp1567

snatch1590

pook1633

squitch1680

twig1755

shrug1807

yank1848

1807 J. Barlow Columbiad iii. 113 Zamor, the chieftain of the Tyger-band,..Shrugg'd up his brinded spoils above the rest.

1889 M. E. Wilkins Far-away Melody (1891) 29 She lay quietly, her shawl shrugged up over her face.

10. intransitive. To manœuvre one's arms and shoulders into a garment. Also reflexive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > provide with clothing [verb (reflexive)] > manoeuvre into

shrug1930

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > provide with clothing [verb (transitive)] > put on > manoeuvre arms or shoulders into

shrug1930

1930 H. Ashton Dr. Serocold i. iii. 43 She shrugged herself into her stiff overcoat and began to button it all the way up to her chin.

1937 D. Aldis Time at Her Heels ii. 33 And shrugging into her brown suit coat she followed her sons and daughter downstairs.

1974 J. Dowell Look-off Bear 6 I shrugged into my warm red-and-black-checked mackinaw jacket.

Derivatives

shrugged adj.

/ʃrʌɡd/ also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > impelling or driving > pushing and pulling > [adjective] > relating to or used in pulling > pulling suddenly or sharply > pulled (at) suddenly or sharply

plucked?1507

shrugged1850

tugged-at1930

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > raising > [adjective] > raised > specifically of part of the body > specifically of shoulders

shrugged1850

1850 F. W. Robertson Serm. (1857) 3rd Ser. i. 4 An arched eyebrow, a shrugged shoulder.

1874 G. M. Hopkins Jrnl. 23 May (1937) 195 Trees, clouds, and mountaintops ‘seized’ or ‘shrugged’ as in Turner.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	shrug
释义	shrugn. Brit. /ʃrʌɡ/, U.S. /ʃrəɡ/ Forms: Also 1600s shrugg. Etymology: < shrug v. †1. a. A tug, pull.The first quot. c1460 is obscure. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impelling or driving > pushing and pulling > [noun] > pulling > a pull pullc1390 draw1655 haul1670 shrug1742 rive1809 c1460 Play Sacram. 597 Here master master ware how ye tugg The devylle I trowe w^t in shrugge for yt gooth rebylle rable. 1742 H. Walpole Let. to H. Mann 7 July All the effect this notable speech had was to frighten my uncle, and make him give two or three shrugs extraordinary to his breeches. b. A shake (of the hand). ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > courteous act or expression > [noun] > greeting or salutation > gesture > handshake handygriping1577 wring1605 handshaking1647 shruga1653 hand-griping1700 shake1712 shake-hands1800 handshake1802 handgrip1837 pump-handler1844 glad hand1895 a1653 Z. Boyd Zion's Flowers (1855) 12 Unto this fellowe..I'le goe, And with my hand will give a shrug or two. 2. A raising and contraction of the shoulders to express dislike, disdain, indifference, or the like. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > gesturing or gesture > other gestures > [noun] > shrug shruggingc1460 shrink1590 shrug1594 shrinking1638 macaroni shrug1775 1594 T. Nashe Vnfortunate Traveller sig. L3^v It is growne to a common prouerb, Ile giue him the Neapolitan shrug, when one meanes to play the villaine, and makes no boast of it. 1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice i. iii. 108 Still haue I borne it with a patient shrug . View more context for this quotation 1617 F. Moryson Itinerary ii. 167 To these exceptions hee answered with a Spanish shrug of the shouldier. a1625 J. Fletcher Monsieur Thomas (1639) i. ii. sig. B4 Sirha, no more of your French shrugs I advise you. 1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 75. ⁋6 He contradicts with a Shrug, and confutes with a certain sufficiency. 1775 F. Burney Jrnl. 3 Apr. in Early Jrnls. & Lett. (1990) II. 101 He is a lively man, full of Chat, & foreign shrugs & Actions. 1831 W. Scott Count Robert iii, in Tales of my Landlord 4th Ser. I. 94 A scarce visible shrug of apology. 1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. xxiv. 170 The Guide Chef..met me with a polite sympathetic shrug. 1872 C. Darwin Expression Emotions Man & Animals xi. 267 He ordered a Bengalee to climb a lofty tree; but the man, with a shrug of his shoulders, and a lateral shake of his head, said he could not. 1886 T. Frost Reminisc. Country Journalist 99 I passed on, with a smile and a shrug. †3. A shifting or hitching of the body, a fidgety movement (cf. shrug v. 5). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > bodily movement > [noun] > qualities of bodily movement > unease or awkwardness shrug1627 fidgetation1742 1627 W. Hawkins Apollo Shroving iv. vi. 72 There is a drowsie shrugge... This shrugge is commonly performed with displaying out the armes, and yawning with the mouth. 1627 W. Hawkins Apollo Shroving iv. vi. 72 The Misers shrugge, the winter shrugge, the drowsie shrugge, the lousie shrugge. †4. A shiver, shudder. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in specific manner > alternating or reciprocating motion > oscillation > vibration > [noun] > trembling or quivering > with cold, infirmity, or emotion > an act or fit of tremor1616 shakea1625 shrug1713 shiver1727 shivering fit1816 shivering attack1899 1713 R. Wodrow Corr. (1842) I. 448 The Lord Advocate died..without any shruggs of death. 5. A short, close-fitting woman's jacket or shoulder stole with sleeves, originally knitted or crocheted. Also attributive, as shrug jacket. Originally U.S. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > jacket > close-fitting jackanapes coat1626 waistcoata1628 monkey jacket1822 polka1845 reefing jacket1846 polka jacket1849 monkey coat1859 hug-me-tight1860 reefer1870 jersey1889 reefer coat1901 shrug1957 Nehru jacket1962 1957 Knitted Outerwear Times 12 Aug. 23/2 Women are buying the Orlon shrug for wear over sleeveless dresses and in air conditioned rooms. 1962 Guardian 5 Oct. 8/5 (caption) This ensemble..is made up of skirt and shrug in royal blue loose weave mockknit. 1973 Country Life 25 Jan. 250/2 Lucca lamb shrug. 1980 Times 12 Feb. 7/6 Camisole top and shrug jacket takes 7 50g balls of 3 Suisses Barbara. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online March 2022). shrugv. Brit. /ʃrʌɡ/, U.S. /ʃrəɡ/ Forms: Middle English schrugge, shrukke, Middle English–1600s shrugge, 1500s shroge, shruck, 1700s shrugg, 1500s– shrug. Etymology: Of obscure origin. Swedish dialect skrukka, skrugge to crouch, sit doubled up, Danish skrukke, skrugge to duck with the head, to walk with a stoop, are probably unconnected. 1. intransitive. To shiver; to shudder for cold or fear. Now rare or Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > fear > physical symptoms of fear > exhibit physical symptoms [verb (intransitive)] > shudder with fear quakeOE agriseOE quavec1225 grisea1250 shiverc1250 aquake1303 tremble1303 gruec1330 shuddera1350 darea1400 gryec1400 grillc1420 fremishc1425 shrugc1440 oggle?a1475 hugge1483 starkle?1544 trepidate1623 quiver1670 the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > coldness > be cold [verb (intransitive)] > be cold or have sensation of cold > shiver with cold shiverc1250 quakec1300 chillc1440 chymerc1440 hugge1483 chittera1529 shrug1549 reesle1882 nither1890 c1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 120 A scharp feuere falliþ, þe which arrigor [= a rigor], þat is to seie a cold schurgynge [? read schrugynge], goiþ tofore.] c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 449/1 Schruggyn [Winch. MS. shruggon], frigulo. 1549 M. Coverdale et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. II. 1 Pet. iv. f. xi^v As often as we loke backe at them, we shrugge for feare to remembre suche fylthynes of lyfe. 1566 T. Blundeville Order curing Horses Dis. f. 56, in Fower Offices Horsemanshippe He will be chill and shrugge for colde. 1609 T. Dekker Guls Horne-bk. sig. E2 The French Lacquey, and Irish Footeboy, shrugging at the doores. 1642 D. Rogers Naaman 580 To shrugge in cold weather, and to wish a fire. a1677 T. Manton Serm. Ps. cxix. 136 He that shrugs when he sees a snake creep upon another. 1702 S. Parker tr. Cicero Five Bks. De Finibus ii. 130 It makes me shrugg when I call to mind the Agonies which he suffer'd. 2. To raise (and contract) the shoulders, esp. as an expression of disdain, indifference, disclaiming responsibility, etc.; in early use also, †to cringe. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > raising > raise [verb (intransitive)] > specifically the shoulders shrug?c1450 society > communication > indication > gesturing or gesture > other gestures > [verb (intransitive)] > shrug shrug1587 to shrink up (occasionally in) one's shoulders1605 ?c1450 in G. J. Aungier Hist. & Antiq. Syon Monastery (1840) 299 They schal not..caste oute ther armes or handes, nor schrugge withe the scholders. 1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. 1154/2 If they did either frowne or shrug at him. a1616 W. Shakespeare Coriolanus (1623) i. x. 4 Where great Patricians shall attend, and shrug, I'th'end admire. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) i. ii. 369 Hag-seed, hence:..shrug'st thou (Malice)? View more context for this quotation 1680 J. Dryden Kind Keeper i. i. 11 Here, will you take me at my word? Wood. (Shrugging up) Troppo poco, troppo co. 1788 F. Burney Diary 10 Jan. (1842) IV. 18 I was quite shocked for her, and could only shrug in dismay. 1817 W. Scott Rob Roy III. vi. 159 Ewan..shrugged as one who would express by that sign that what he was doing was none of his own choice. 1859 G. Meredith Ordeal Richard Feverel III. xiii. 357 Adrian..rose and accompanied him out of the room, shrugging. 1880 G. W. Cable Grandissimes xiv The quadroon shrugged. 3. a. transitive. To raise and contract (the shoulders) in this way. Formerly often with up. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > gesturing or gesture > other gestures > [verb (transitive)] > shrug (the shoulders) castc1450 shruga1549 fike1788 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > raising > make to go up or cause to rise [verb (transitive)] > raise > specifically a part of the body > specifically the shoulders shruga1549 a1549 A. Borde Fyrst Bk. Introd. Knowl. (1870) 187 Yf he cast hys head at the one syde, and do shroge vp hys shoulders. 1594 T. Nashe Vnfortunate Traveller sig. C^v The actions that he vsed, of shrucking vp his shoulders,..and biting the lip. 1596 T. Nashe Haue with you to Saffron-Walden sig. G2 If..I had not seene him shrug his shoulders, and talk of going to the Bathe. 1603 T. Dekker 1603: Wonderfull Yeare sig. F1 In that siluer contemplation, shrugging his shoulders together. 1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 264. ⁋2 He..shrugs his shoulder when you talk of Securities. 1805 W. Wordsworth Waggoner i. 66 He shrugs his shoulders, shakes his head. 1835–6 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. I. 359 The triangular space between the deltoid and pectoral may be seen even in the living person when the shoulders are shrugged up. 1876 J. R. Green Stray Stud. Eng. & Italy 48 The Italian shrugs his shoulders and submits in a humorous way. b. figurative. to shrug (something) off or aside: to dismiss or reject (something) in an offhand manner; to be unaffected by. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > indifference > be indifferent or show indifference to [verb (transitive)] > dismiss or reject (something) indifferently to toss off1845 to shrug (something) off or aside1909 to give (a person) the elbow1938 the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > ignoring, disregard > ignore, disregard [verb (transitive)] > pay little attention, slight neglect1529 flightc1571 slight1600 slighten1605 forgo1858 cold-shoulder1872 to shrug (something) off or aside1909 1909 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Shrug off. 1932 Now & Then Spring 15/2 He might shrug aside or be bored or even disgusted by Strange Interlude or Mourning Becomes Electra. 1949 Catholic Times 4 Mar. 5/1 The disgrace of Yalta can never be shrugged off. 1963 Observer 17 Feb. 23/5 Some house~flies and mosquitoes can now shrug off not one but several of the most lethal poisons. 1981 Times 18 Apr. 21/5 The stockmarket has also shrugged aside the collapse of Hedderick Stirling Grumbar. 4. nonce-uses. a. To bring by shrugging (into..). ΚΠ 1766 O. Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield I. xviii. 194 It is not the composition of the piece, but the number of starts and attitudes that may be introduced into it that elicits applause. I have known a piece, with not one jest in the whole, shrugged into popularity. b. To express by means of a shrug. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > gesturing or gesture > other gestures > [verb (transitive)] > shrug (the shoulders) > express by shrugging shrug1897 1897 ‘A. Hope’ Phroso i He..shrugged a tolerant ‘As you will’, with eloquent shoulders. †5. intransitive (and reflexive). To move the body from side to side as with uneasiness, or as a gesture of joy or self-satisfaction; to fidget about. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > restlessness > [verb (intransitive)] fikec1220 walka1225 shrugc1460 friga1500 fridgea1550 toss1560 fidge1575 trifle1618 figglea1652 jiffle1674 nestle1699 fidget1753 rummage1755 fissle1786 c1460 J. Russell Bk. Nurture 287 Nor pikynge, nor trifelynge, ne shrukkynge as þauȝ ye wold sawe. 1567 T. Harman Caueat for Commen Cursetors (new ed.) sig. Fii^v The good man of the house shrodge [? read shrogde] hym for Ioye thinking to hym selfe I wyll make some pastyme with you anone. 1601 J. Marston et al. Iacke Drums Entertainm. iii. sig. D4^v Mounsieurs Goat drunke, and he shrugges, and skrubbes, and hees it for a wench. a1631 J. Donne Satires i. 74 He..grins, smacks, shrugs, and such an itch endures, As prentises, or schoole-boyes which doe know Of some gay sport abroad, yet dare not goe. a1639 T. Dekker et al. Witch of Edmonton (1658) iv. ii. 48 (stage direct.) Enter Dog, shrugging as it were for joy, and dances. 1651 H. More Second Lash of Alazanomastix in Enthusiasmus Triumphatus (1656) M 2 b That Book..I intended onely for a stumble to wake you (that you might shrugg and rub your eyes, and see in what a naked condition you are). 1652 Roxburghe Ballads (1891) VII. 479 The Louse gave a tug, that made the Taylor shrug. 6. reflexive and intransitive. To draw oneself together, ‘curl’ oneself up; to shrink. ? Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > posture > act of drawing body into compact form > drawn into compact form [verb (transitive)] shrinkc1374 shrug1603 mitch1612 huddle1755 scrunch1844 the world > space > extension in space > reduction in size or extent > become reduced in size or extent [verb (intransitive)] > contract or shrink > the body, to occupy less space shrug1725 squinch1843 1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. iii. ix. 588 Let mee shrowd and shrugge my selfe into my shell, as a tortoise. 1631 B. Jonson Divell is Asse i. iv. 80 (stage direct.) in Wks. II Hee shrugs himselfe vp in the cloake. 1725 N. Robinson New Theory of Physick 39 How Plants, when they first begin to bud, will shrug and contract the little Stem. 1845 S. Judd Margaret i. xvii. 159 Robin, the bird,..shrugs and folds itself into its feathers. †7. intransitive. To shrink back or away, cower; occasionally const. infinitive, to hesitate to do something. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > backward movement > move backwards [verb (intransitive)] > shrink or flinch fikec1220 wincha1250 withshontec1450 shrink1513 squitch1570 blanch1572 shruga1577 to shrink in the neck1581 wink1605 budgea1616 shy1650 shudder1668 flincha1677 wincea1748 the world > action or operation > inaction > not doing > abstaining or refraining from action > abstain or refrain from action [verb (intransitive)] > avoid > shrink or recoil wondec897 blencha1250 shunta1250 scurnc1325 blenka1330 blinka1400 startc1400 shrink1508 blanch1572 swerve1573 shruga1577 flinch1578 recoil1582 budgea1616 shucka1620 smay1632 blunk1655 shudder1668 resile1678 skew1678 reluctate1833 a1577 G. Gascoigne Grief of Joye ii. lv, in Compl. Wks. (1910) II. 537 That from the sonne, we shrug into the shade, And drowping sitt. 1589 A. Fleming tr. Virgil Georgiks i. 7 in A. Fleming tr. Virgil Bucoliks But that thou dost refuse and shrug to know such slender cares. 1642 D. Rogers Naaman 385 Let us not..shrug at the difficulty. 1675 T. Brooks Golden Key 274 Will you shrug, and shrink, and faint, and fret, when you are reproached for his name? †8. transitive. To contract or jerk uneasily. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in specific manner > sudden movement > cause to move suddenly [verb (transitive)] > jerk braida1000 hitch1440 spang1513 jog1548 jert1566 jerk1582 gag1587 to toss up1588 tossa1618 thrip1674 shrug1678 flip1712 hotch1823 switch1842 slirt1870 hoick1898 quirk1978 1678 S. Butler Hudibras: Third Pt. iii. i. 11 He shrug'd his sturdy back, As if he felt his Shoulders ake. 9. To jerk, pull or tug up. U.S. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impelling or driving > pushing and pulling > push and pull [verb (transitive)] > pull > suddenly or sharply twickeOE plitchOE to-twitchc1175 twitchc1330 tricec1386 tita1400 pluckc1400 ramp1567 snatch1590 pook1633 squitch1680 twig1755 shrug1807 yank1848 1807 J. Barlow Columbiad iii. 113 Zamor, the chieftain of the Tyger-band,..Shrugg'd up his brinded spoils above the rest. 1889 M. E. Wilkins Far-away Melody (1891) 29 She lay quietly, her shawl shrugged up over her face. 10. intransitive. To manœuvre one's arms and shoulders into a garment. Also reflexive. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > provide with clothing [verb (reflexive)] > manoeuvre into shrug1930 the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > provide with clothing [verb (transitive)] > put on > manoeuvre arms or shoulders into shrug1930 1930 H. Ashton Dr. Serocold i. iii. 43 She shrugged herself into her stiff overcoat and began to button it all the way up to her chin. 1937 D. Aldis Time at Her Heels ii. 33 And shrugging into her brown suit coat she followed her sons and daughter downstairs. 1974 J. Dowell Look-off Bear 6 I shrugged into my warm red-and-black-checked mackinaw jacket. Derivatives shrugged adj. /ʃrʌɡd/ also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impelling or driving > pushing and pulling > [adjective] > relating to or used in pulling > pulling suddenly or sharply > pulled (at) suddenly or sharply plucked?1507 shrugged1850 tugged-at1930 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > raising > [adjective] > raised > specifically of part of the body > specifically of shoulders shrugged1850 1850 F. W. Robertson Serm. (1857) 3rd Ser. i. 4 An arched eyebrow, a shrugged shoulder. 1874 G. M. Hopkins Jrnl. 23 May (1937) 195 Trees, clouds, and mountaintops ‘seized’ or ‘shrugged’ as in Turner. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.c1460v.c1440
随便看	sufflation sufflature suffle suffling sufflue suffocate suffocated suffocates suffocating suffocating damp suffocating shaft suffocatingly suffocatings suffocation suffocation of the bairn's bed suffocation of the mother suffocation of the womb, matrix, mother suffocations suffocative suffocative catarrh suffoke suffolk suffolk bang suffolk butter suffolk cheese