routiern.¹

Brit.

/ˈruːtɪə/,

/ˈruːtjə/,

/ˈruːtɪeɪ/, U.S.

/ˈrudiər/,

/ˈraʊdiər/,

/ˈrudiˌeɪ/

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French routier.

Etymology: < French routier set of instructions for finding a route (see rutter n.²), long-distance lorry driver (1950; earlier in senses ‘someone who knows the roads well’ (1573 in Middle French) and with reference to robbers or highwaymen: see router n.¹) < route route n.¹ + -ier -ier suffix. With sense 1 compare earlier rutter n.² With sense Compounds compare relais routier n.

Now historical.

1. A set of instructions for finding a route or course; = rutter n.²

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > navigational aids > [noun] > pilot book

rutter1561

sea-ruttier1599

routier1677

wagoner1687

pilot1693

portolan1717

sea-book1726

norie1827

1677 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 12 880 The Author hath, for the Sake of Merchants, annexed the Routier of the East and West-Indies.

1797 T. Connelly & T. Higgins Diccionario Nuevo y Completo de las Lenguas Española é Inglesa II. 636/3 Waggonner. A routier or book of charts describing the seas, their coast &c.

1842 Penny Cycl. XXIV. 107/1 The first volume professes to give an account of the various routes by which the Persian traveller can reach Constantinople, Ispahan, and the Persian Gulf. It is arranged as a routier.

1869 Galaxy July 132 The river is frequently referred to in the old routiers made at that time for Spanish sailors who timidly coasted to the West Indies.

1884 B. F. de Costa in J. Winsor Narr. & Crit. Hist. Amer. IV. ii. 70 The principal points, Cape Breton, Cape Sable, Cape Cod, and the Hudson, are unmistakably indicated in the routier.

1911 Geogr. Jrnl. 38 314 The abbreviated material is given for a ‘routier’ from the mouth of the Maas to the Holy Land.

1996 J. E. Wansbrough Lingua Franca in Mediterranean i. 17 The best of the latter [sc. cartography], the Old Babylonian routier from Larsa to Emar, is far from clear.

2. In France and other French-speaking regions: a long-distance lorry driver.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > driving or operating a vehicle > driver or operator of vehicle > [noun] > driver of motor vehicle > lorry driver > long-distance

road driver1878

trunker1954

routier1961

1958 Manch. Guardian 6 Jan. 2/4 Is it possible to double..the number of what my Continental comrades, les routiers, call poetically ‘les anges de la route’?]

1961 L. Durrell in Holiday Feb. 114 We planned to stop somewhere on the road to Béziers and have a bite of supper—Raoul knew a little place patronized by the routiers.

1976 Times 14 Feb. 13/4 A cheap and cheerful routier halt where..the café au lait came in something more like a pot de chambre than a cup.

1997 Toronto Star (Nexis) 20 Sept. g23 I did once see a Quebec routier send back an omelette because it was made with canned mushrooms.

2008 Times (Nexis) 9 Jan. 14 Apparently movies on DVD are also popular among the present generation of routiers.

Compounds

Used attributively in sense 2 (with capital initial) with reference to the Guide des Relais Routiers, a French gastronomic guide originally provided by the lorry drivers' trade union; cf. relais routier n.In later use this guide is also known as Les Routiers and provides gastronomic information on countries outside France.

ΚΠ

1971 Guardian 18 Aug. 10/5 One hotel (Routiers) stop in each direction including dinner and breakfast..[£]9.00.

1975 Guardian 27 Jan. 7/5 Setting out with your Green Card and your Routier Guide to storm the Alpine passes.

1992 Independent 18 May 14/2 How to avoid going hungry along a route not celebrated for its Les Routiers stop-offs.

2004 Recommended Country Hotels of Brit. 5 (advt.) Les Routiers Inn of the Year.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

routiern.²

Brit.

/ˈruːtɪə/,

/ˈruːtjə/,

/ˈruːtɪeɪ/, U.S.

/ˈrudiər/,

/ˈraʊdiər/,

/ˈrudiˌeɪ/

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French routier.

Etymology: < French routier (c1243 in Old French; now historical) < route rout n.¹ + -ier -ier suffix, in some uses perhaps influenced by routier highwayman, robber (see routier n.¹). Compare Old Occitan roter (1210). Compare earlier rutar n., ruiter n., and rutter n.¹ O.E.D. Suppl. (1982) gives the pronunciation as (rutye) /rutje/.

A member of any of various companies of mercenaries and unaffiliated soldiers active in France during the medieval period. Also in extended use. Cf. free company n. at free adj., n., and adv. Compounds 2. historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier by type of service > [noun] > mercenary

wagerc1420

knight wager1513

mercenary1523

lance-knight1530

suddart1542

hireling1547

adventurer1548

venturer1572

lansquenet1577

warmonger1590

mercenarian1598

passe-volant1617

provantman1659

soldier of fortune1661

privateer1676

routier1683

bravo1761

stipendiary1768

free companion1804

freelance1819

free-rider1821

freelancer1854

merchant of death1934

merc1967

1683 J. Bulteel tr. F. E. de Mézeray Gen. Chronol. Hist. France 248 In these days the cursed Crew of Routiers and Cottereaux began to make themselves known by their Cruelties and Robberies...The Cottereaux were most of them Foot-Soldiers, the Routiers served on Horseback.

1761 D. Hume Hist. Eng. to Henry VII I. ix. 308 These desperate ruffians received the name sometimes of Brabançons, sometimes of Routiers or Cottereaux.

a1833 Encycl. Metrop. (1845) XI. 620 They [sc. the mercenary adventurers] were named also..Routiers, for numerous reasons too unsatisfactory to deserve quotation.

1853 H. W. Herbert Chevaliers of France viii. 104 Then, bearing terror to the souls of the routiers, another Norman trumpet answered.

1924 K. Norgate Richard the Lion Heart ii. 53 If these Routiers could have been controlled by their employers, Henry and Richard might probably have been easily surrounded and captured.

1965 W. H. Auden About House (1966) 17 Conventional Blunderbuss war and its routiers.

2002 R. Cohen By Sword i. i. 19 All towns, villages, and individuals found guilty of negotiating with routiers would have their privileges, liberties, and fiefs withdrawn.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	routier
释义	routiern.¹ Brit. /ˈruːtɪə/, /ˈruːtjə/, /ˈruːtɪeɪ/, U.S. /ˈrudiər/, /ˈraʊdiər/, /ˈrudiˌeɪ/ Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French routier. Etymology: < French routier set of instructions for finding a route (see rutter n.²), long-distance lorry driver (1950; earlier in senses ‘someone who knows the roads well’ (1573 in Middle French) and with reference to robbers or highwaymen: see router n.¹) < route route n.¹ + -ier -ier suffix. With sense 1 compare earlier rutter n.² With sense Compounds compare relais routier n. Now historical. 1. A set of instructions for finding a route or course; = rutter n.² ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > navigational aids > [noun] > pilot book rutter1561 sea-ruttier1599 routier1677 wagoner1687 pilot1693 portolan1717 sea-book1726 norie1827 1677 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 12 880 The Author hath, for the Sake of Merchants, annexed the Routier of the East and West-Indies. 1797 T. Connelly & T. Higgins Diccionario Nuevo y Completo de las Lenguas Española é Inglesa II. 636/3 Waggonner. A routier or book of charts describing the seas, their coast &c. 1842 Penny Cycl. XXIV. 107/1 The first volume professes to give an account of the various routes by which the Persian traveller can reach Constantinople, Ispahan, and the Persian Gulf. It is arranged as a routier. 1869 Galaxy July 132 The river is frequently referred to in the old routiers made at that time for Spanish sailors who timidly coasted to the West Indies. 1884 B. F. de Costa in J. Winsor Narr. & Crit. Hist. Amer. IV. ii. 70 The principal points, Cape Breton, Cape Sable, Cape Cod, and the Hudson, are unmistakably indicated in the routier. 1911 Geogr. Jrnl. 38 314 The abbreviated material is given for a ‘routier’ from the mouth of the Maas to the Holy Land. 1996 J. E. Wansbrough Lingua Franca in Mediterranean i. 17 The best of the latter [sc. cartography], the Old Babylonian routier from Larsa to Emar, is far from clear. 2. In France and other French-speaking regions: a long-distance lorry driver. ΘΚΠ society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > driving or operating a vehicle > driver or operator of vehicle > [noun] > driver of motor vehicle > lorry driver > long-distance road driver1878 trunker1954 routier1961 1958 Manch. Guardian 6 Jan. 2/4 Is it possible to double..the number of what my Continental comrades, les routiers, call poetically ‘les anges de la route’?] 1961 L. Durrell in Holiday Feb. 114 We planned to stop somewhere on the road to Béziers and have a bite of supper—Raoul knew a little place patronized by the routiers. 1976 Times 14 Feb. 13/4 A cheap and cheerful routier halt where..the café au lait came in something more like a pot de chambre than a cup. 1997 Toronto Star (Nexis) 20 Sept. g23 I did once see a Quebec routier send back an omelette because it was made with canned mushrooms. 2008 Times (Nexis) 9 Jan. 14 Apparently movies on DVD are also popular among the present generation of routiers. Compounds Used attributively in sense 2 (with capital initial) with reference to the Guide des Relais Routiers, a French gastronomic guide originally provided by the lorry drivers' trade union; cf. relais routier n.In later use this guide is also known as Les Routiers and provides gastronomic information on countries outside France. ΚΠ 1971 Guardian 18 Aug. 10/5 One hotel (Routiers) stop in each direction including dinner and breakfast..[£]9.00. 1975 Guardian 27 Jan. 7/5 Setting out with your Green Card and your Routier Guide to storm the Alpine passes. 1992 Independent 18 May 14/2 How to avoid going hungry along a route not celebrated for its Les Routiers stop-offs. 2004 Recommended Country Hotels of Brit. 5 (advt.) Les Routiers Inn of the Year. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). routiern.² Brit. /ˈruːtɪə/, /ˈruːtjə/, /ˈruːtɪeɪ/, U.S. /ˈrudiər/, /ˈraʊdiər/, /ˈrudiˌeɪ/ Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French routier. Etymology: < French routier (c1243 in Old French; now historical) < route rout n.¹ + -ier -ier suffix, in some uses perhaps influenced by routier highwayman, robber (see routier n.¹). Compare Old Occitan roter (1210). Compare earlier rutar n., ruiter n., and rutter n.¹ O.E.D. Suppl. (1982) gives the pronunciation as (rutye) /rutje/. A member of any of various companies of mercenaries and unaffiliated soldiers active in France during the medieval period. Also in extended use. Cf. free company n. at free adj., n., and adv. Compounds 2. historical. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier by type of service > [noun] > mercenary wagerc1420 knight wager1513 mercenary1523 lance-knight1530 suddart1542 hireling1547 adventurer1548 venturer1572 lansquenet1577 warmonger1590 mercenarian1598 passe-volant1617 provantman1659 soldier of fortune1661 privateer1676 routier1683 bravo1761 stipendiary1768 free companion1804 freelance1819 free-rider1821 freelancer1854 merchant of death1934 merc1967 1683 J. Bulteel tr. F. E. de Mézeray Gen. Chronol. Hist. France 248 In these days the cursed Crew of Routiers and Cottereaux began to make themselves known by their Cruelties and Robberies...The Cottereaux were most of them Foot-Soldiers, the Routiers served on Horseback. 1761 D. Hume Hist. Eng. to Henry VII I. ix. 308 These desperate ruffians received the name sometimes of Brabançons, sometimes of Routiers or Cottereaux. a1833 Encycl. Metrop. (1845) XI. 620 They [sc. the mercenary adventurers] were named also..Routiers, for numerous reasons too unsatisfactory to deserve quotation. 1853 H. W. Herbert Chevaliers of France viii. 104 Then, bearing terror to the souls of the routiers, another Norman trumpet answered. 1924 K. Norgate Richard the Lion Heart ii. 53 If these Routiers could have been controlled by their employers, Henry and Richard might probably have been easily surrounded and captured. 1965 W. H. Auden About House (1966) 17 Conventional Blunderbuss war and its routiers. 2002 R. Cohen By Sword i. i. 19 All towns, villages, and individuals found guilty of negotiating with routiers would have their privileges, liberties, and fiefs withdrawn. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1677n.²1683
随便看	restriction act restriction endonuclease restriction enzyme restriction fragment restriction fragment length polymorphism restriction map restriction mapping restriction note restriction order restriction site restrictionary restrictionism restrictionisms restrictionist restrictionists restrictions restrictive restrictive covenant restrictive practice restrictive practitioner restrictively restrictiveness restrictivenesses restrictives restrictivism

routiern.1

Compounds

routiern.2

routiern.¹

routiern.²