rougen.²

Brit.

/ruːdʒ/, U.S.

/rudʒ/

Forms: 1800s rooge, 1800s ruge, 1800s– rouge.

Origin: Of unknown origin.

Etymology: Origin unknown. Perhaps compare rudge v.

1. Eton College. In the Eton College field game and wall game: a form of scrimmage. Also in extended use. Cf. bully n.² 1. Now chiefly historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > football > other forms of football > [noun] > Eton > scrimmage

rouge1832

bully1865

1832 Eton College Mag. 8 Oct. 140 The case of one killed in a ‘rouge’ at foot-ball.

1863 A. W. Kinglake Invasion of Crimea II. 412 He wedged his cob into the thick of the crowd—the ‘rooge’, he would call it in his old Eton idiom of speech.

1899 A. West Recoll. II. xxi. 276 The Peers and under-the-Gallery people acting exactly as we used to in a ‘rouge’ at football at Eton.

1989 R. Holt Sport & Brit. ii. 77 A furious mêlée known as the ‘rouge’ at Eton, the ‘hot’ at Winchester, and most ominously the ‘squash’ at Harrow was the main feature of such games.

2005 A. Harvey Football ii. 24 Despite being in the thick of every rouge,..Captain Wyndham..only ever had his shins injured.

a. Rugby. A score awarded for successfully performing a particular manoeuvre, typically forcing the opposing team to ground the ball on or behind its own try line. Cf. minor point n. at minor adj. and n. Compounds 2. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > football > rugby football > [noun] > scoring

touch1845

run-in1846

rouge1856

touchdown1856

touch-in-goal1869

try1870

minor1883

minor point1884

pot1888

major point1896

penalty try1922

conversion1927

pushover1940

1856 Bell's Life in London 21 Dec. 6/6 After a good contest Sunbury won by four goals and one rouge to one goal and one rouge, one disputed rouge being given in favour of Sunbury.

1871 Bell's Life in London 28 Oct. 4/2 The game was brought to a premature end, and the Gipsies declared victors by a goal, three touchdowns, and two rouges, to two rouges on the part of the Civil Service.

1880 Bristol Mercury 14 Dec. 3/6 Winning by two goals, two tries, and several rouges to nil.

1887 M. Shearman Athletics & Football (Badminton Libr. of Sports & Pastimes) 287 If, however, there is no chance of shooting a goal from mid-field, the player with the ball runs it down to the goal-line and takes it along the line towards the posts, and then makes his shot, or more frequently endeavours to secure a minor point, called a ‘rouge’.

1902 Public School Mag. Jan. 21/1 In 1867 Boyce's won the House Championship, defeating Brooke Smith's by a goal and two rouges.

2009 T. Collins Social Hist. Eng. Rugby Union vi. 136 Typically these unofficial scoring systems awarded..single points, known as ‘minors’ against a side which touched the ball down behind its own goal-line, known by some as ‘rouges’.

b. Eton College. In the Eton College field game: a score awarded when an attacker touches a ball that has been kicked or deflected over the goal line by the defending team. Cf. try n. 4b.The scoring of a rouge entitles the scoring side to a kick at goal.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > football > other forms of football > [noun] > Eton > point

rouge1861

shy1868

1861 Bell's Life in London 13 Oct. 6/3 Eton..won by 1 goal and 3 rouges.

1868 Hurst Johnlan Mag. 10 349 The School gained three rouges, but each time the place-kick at the goal was unsuccessful.

1892 F. Marshall Football 34 Should..the ball go behind from the charge and be touched by one of the attacking side, a ‘rouge’ will be scored. Now three rouges make a goal.

1922 S. Leslie Oppidan xv. 174 A rouge was scored against the House.

1944 Times 4 Dec. 6/5 In the Field after luncheon the 60th beat the Brigade of Guards by a goal to a rouge.

2005 Evening Standard (Nexis) 1 Apr. 12 He was able to take part in an old boys' game of the Eton Field Game recently... He also managed to score a ‘rouge’ (the equivalent of a try in rugby).

c. Canadian Football. A single point scored when the defending team fails to run a kick out of its own end zone. Also called single.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > football > other forms of football > [noun] > goal in Canadian football > point

rouge1884

1884 Manitoba Daily Free Press 20 Oct. The Bankers were declared the victors by one goal, one try and three rouges to their opponents' nil.

1895 Outing 27 249/2 A ‘rouge’ occurs when a man, in order to save his team from a ‘try’ being tallied against them, himself touches the ball down behind his own goal, and thereby gives one point to the opposing side.

1912 Scroll of Phi Delta Theta 12 Sept. 22 This play is known as a rouge, and results in the offensive side scoring one point.

1966 Weekend Mag. (Montreal) 27 Aug. 20/2 If only our rouge were added to the American game, football..wouldn't leave a thing to be desired as a game.

2007 Calgary (Alberta) Herald (Nexis) 12 Nov. d1 After Sandro DeAngelis kicked a field goal, Congi replied with two more three-pointers and a rouge to give the hosts a 26-17 lead.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

rougeadj.n.¹

Brit.

/ruːʒ/, U.S.

/ruʒ/

Forms: late Middle English rouȝ, late Middle English rowdge, late Middle English– rouge, 1500s ruge, 1600s roughe; also Scottish pre-1700 roche, pre-1700 rouch.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French rouge.

Etymology: < Middle French rouge (French rouge ) (adjective) red (c1130 in Old French), (noun) the colour red, red colouring (12th cent.), red make-up (1579 in rouge d'Espagne , 1669 as simplex), red wine (1612 or earlier), member of a 19th-cent. political party in Canada (1855 or earlier) < classical Latin rubeus red (see rubeola n.).With sense B. 2a compare earlier red n. 4. With sense B. 3 compare earlier red n. 5. With sense B. 4 compare earlier red n. 1c With sense B. 6a compare slightly earlier red adj. 18 and the discussion at that sense; also slightly later red n. 15.

A. adj.

Of or being of the colour red. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [adjective]

redeOE

reodeOE

ruddya1398

reddy?c1400

purple1415

rougea1425

redly1486

gules1503

red-coloured1547

guly1592

blushing1597

angrya1616

rubric1623

minious1646

nacarinea1648

ruddle1649

rubriform1704

carbuncly?1730

blushful1804

envermeiled1822

ablush1852

flammulated1872

pyrrhous1890

a1425 Medulla Gram. (Stonyhurst) f. 56^v Ruphus, rubeus or rouȝ.

c1440 Liber de Diversis Med. 67 (MED) Gedir theis herbis..consoud petit, crope de cambre, fenell with þe sede, rouge cholet.

1796 Evangelical Mag. Oct. 410 The cowl has only been exchanged for the rouge cap.

1896 Garden 11 July 28/1 The sepals and petals are dull rouge, marked with reddish purple.

2005 Z. Chen tr. Du Du in R. Xu Food & Chinese Culture 131 The meat has a rouge color, and gives off a tempting aroma.

B. n.¹

1. Red colour; an instance of this. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [noun]

rednesseOE

rudOE

red?c1225

ruddya1387

ruddinessa1398

gulesa1400

rothumc1400

ruddeningc1400

ruddonc1400

rouge1437

rubor?a1450

rossome1527

Mars1572

rubedinousness1599

reddiness1611

scarletness1611

rubetude1657

floridity1713

erubescence1736

floridness1776

fiery1847

raddle1860

1437 in H. Nicolas Proc. & Ordinances Privy Council (1835) V. 62 (MED) Item, delivered..an ymage..garnized with roses maad with rougeclere.

1913 Engin. & Contracting 30 Apr. 488/3 The clinker varies in color from reddish yellow through a brown to a bright rouge, great contrast to the slaty colors of clays.

1999 P. D. Cornwell Black Notice (2000) xx. 185 Vander moved the tripod closer to the dead man's black jeans and the inside-out right pocket began to glow a dull rouge.

a. A cosmetic used to give colour to the cheeks or lips; (originally) a fine red cosmetic powder prepared from safflower. Now somewhat archaic.Now chiefly used to highlight the cheekbones, and usually called blusher.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the skin or complexion > [noun] > preparations for the skin or complexion > paints or colours > reddening

reda1398

cloth of Levant1497

red leather1545

safflower1583

cheek-varnish1598

vermilion1600

rubric1650

rud1651

Spanish wool1678

French reda1680

saffranon1731

French rouge?1745

rouge1746

1746 T. Brecknock Poems & Odes 41 The City of Paris, where Ladies of Fashion, and Actresses on the Stage are particularly remarkable for the immoderate Quantity of Rouge they put upon their Cheeks.

1762 Songs & Poems Costume (Percy Soc.) 240 Let the world be the judge: Why you daub 'em all over with cold-cream and rouge.

1807 J. Robinson Archæol. Græca v. xxv. 543 The Athenian women..applied to their faces a layer of ceruse or white lead, with deep tints of rouge.

1853 C. Dickens Bleak House xl. 400 The innocence which would go extremely well with a sash and tucker, is a little out of keeping with the rouge and pearl necklace.

1875 Mrs. Randolph Wild Hyacinth I. 19 I recollect I had rubbed rouge on my cheeks and white stuff on my nose.

1922 La Crosse (Wisconsin) Tribune & Leader-Press 29 Sept. 3/3 She drew out her lipstick and began to apply a little French rouge to her already bow-shaped lips.

1943 D. Whipple They were Sisters (2004) xix. 328 Now for skin-tonic, now complexion milk, now rouge, eye-shadow, powder, mascara, lipstick.

1999 H. Lindsay QPH in H. Gilbert Postcolonial Plays (2001) 161/2 Darling do keep still. You're looking a bit pale. Come put on an insy bit of rouge.

b. figurative and in allusive use. Something that adorns, embellishes, or disguises a person or thing, esp. in a superficial way. Also: natural redness of the face or cheeks; a flush, a blush.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > skin > complexion > redness > [noun] > with blushing

blushing1581

flushing1590

suffusion1700

flush1706

bloom1752

mantling1753

rouge1759

hectic1768

vermilion1787

smoking1862

mantle1897

1759 Hist. Portia II. 233 She has gentle softness and tender fear;..innate purity [is] all her rouge.

1766 H. Brooke Fool of Quality II. xii. 248 The Glow of Modesty is the only Rouge that will be allowed to any fair Face of Quality.

1811 L.-M. Hawkins Countess & Gertrude I. xix. 324 Illicit connexions she seemed to consider as the rouge of modern character.

1864 National Rev. Nov. 48 Though the rouge of ornate literature excites our eye, it also impairs our confidence.

1882 ‘F. Anstey’ Vice Versâ xvii. 312 I saw through his rouge with half an eye.

1907 A. M. Ivimy tr. F. Loliée Women of Second Empire v. 205 The seventy or seventy-five, whose virtues and charms are here extolled, hid beneath the rouge of modesty and pretended not to recognize themselves.

1970 M. S. Harper Village Blues in Images of Kin (1977) 186 A man sunken with rum, his face sandpapered into a rouge of split and broken capillaries.

2003 S. Dunant Birth of Venus (2004) vii. 54 Her face is full and soft, her skin fabulously pale, though with the rouge of excitement lighting up the cheeks.

†c. A person wearing rouge. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1855 W. M. Thackeray Newcomes II. xii. 120 Miss Newcome rode away—back amongst the roses and the rouges.

3. French red wine. Cf. red n. 5, vin rouge n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > wine > types of wine > [noun] > red wine

red wineOE

redc1400

ruby1671

vino tinto1673

red fustian1699

rouge1786

vinho tinto1835

vin rouge1917

vino rosso1949

tinto1958

vino nero1968

1786 T. Jefferson Memorandum Bks. 15 July (1997) I. 633 Paid portage of 288. bottles of wine from Bourdeaux, to wit 144. rouge & 144. blanc.

1903 Temple Bar Mar. 348 These last things will remind you of your demi-bouteille of rouge orblanc waiting to be uncorked.

1957 L. Durrell Let. July in Spirit of Place (1969) 143 You should see..the care with which they select a good bottle of champagne..or even an ordinary rouge at a shilling.

2005 Guardian (Nexis) 19 Nov. (Travel section) 6 If..you sleep soundly after a good bottle of rouge and a four-course meal, remember to set your alarm clock or you may miss the scenery.

4. Gambling. Cf. red n. 1c.

a. The row of cards designated ‘red’ in the game of rouge et noir (see rouge et noir n.); the red diamond on the table on which stakes are placed on ‘red’ to win; ‘red’ as a bet or winning outcome in this game. Cf. noir n. 2a.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > games of chance played with cards > [noun] > Rouge et Noir > colour

red1793

noir1805

rouge1805

couleur1867

1805 New Pocket Hoyle 117 Another parcel is then dealt for rouge in a similar manner.

1828 E. Bulwer-Lytton Pelham I. xix. 147 He set them all at one hazard, on the rouge.

1867 H. G. Bohn et al. Hand-bk. Games (new ed.) 343 The punters place on the Rouge, the Noir, the Couleur, or the Inverse, the sum they wish to risk.

1928 M. Carol How to play Roulette iv. 56 The even money chances [in the game of rouge et noir] are Rouge or Red, Noir or Black, Coleur [sic] and Inverse.

1964 A. Wykes Gambling vii. 171 (caption) The dealer lays out two rows of cards (le noir and le rouge) until each totals 31 or more. Players bet that one or the other row will be nearer to 31 by placing chips on rouge or on noir.

1995 R. A. Epstein Theory of Gambling & Statist. Logic (rev. ed.) vi. 191 A dealer representing the ‘house’ deals two rows of cards, the first row corresponding to Noire and the second to Rouge.

b. The red numbers in the game of roulette; a red number, esp. as a winning outcome, in this game. Cf. noir n. 2b.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > roulette > [noun] > numbers or colours

black1793

red1793

rouge1835

impair1850

noir1850

pair1867

1835 Hoyle's Games (rev. ed.) i. 49 The rouge wins when the ball enters a hole of which the number is red.

1870 Tinsley's Mag. Sept. 156/2 The long table, with the wheel in the centre, forms two roulette-tables, the wheel being common to both; and of course, if rouge loses on one side, it also loses on the other.

1923 L. H. Dawson Hoyle's Games Modernized ii. 279 To bet on both Passe and Noir or Rouge and Manque at the same time, two separate stakes would be required.

1969 J. Binstock Casino Admin. vi. 72 This [sc. roulette] is played on a table with 37 numbers from zero to 36, the so-called ‘even chance’ bets being pair and impair, passe and manque, rouge and noir.

1999 J. Raban Passage to Juneau ii. 75 A couple of chips on rouge and another couple on impair was my fallback position; though it rarely showed a profit, it kept me in the game.

5. A finely ground, deep red powder consisting of ferric oxide (Fe₂O₃), used for polishing metal and glass; = jeweller's rouge at jeweller n. Compounds 2. Also (usually with distinguishing word denoting colour): any of various similar substances used for polishing.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > polishing > [noun] > polish > types of

pumice1422

emery1481

foam of copperas1538

pumex1589

emery-stone1610

smiris1610

putty1663

rottenstone1677

tutty1731

French rouge?1745

rotstone1767

plate powder1786

emery-powder18..

rouge1808

waxing1825

black lead1830

tin-putty1839

red stuff1844

stove-polish1858

crocusa1861

crocus-powder1873

furniture cream1873

grit-emery1884

silver polish1895

Ronuk1896

Brasso1905

floor polish1907

lavender cream1926

lavender polish1961

lavender wax1970

1799 Repertory Arts & Manuf. 10 406 It [sc. a glass plate] is then covered with a powder, which the workmen call Rouge d'Angleterre, composed of the residuum from the distillation of aqua fortis, mixed with vitriol of iron and common salt.]

1808 W. Nicholson Dict. Pract. & Theoret. Chem. (at cited word) Rouge (polishing),..a powder employed by goldsmiths to give the last polish to their work, which they commonly call colouring it.

1850 C. Holtzapffel Turning & Mech. Manip. III. 1082 The red and black oxides of iron..are prepared by manufacturing chemists..as polishing powders, commercially known as crocus, rouge, red stuff,..&c.

1884 W. H. Greenwood Steel & Iron 44 A bright red pulverulent powder, forming the ‘rouge’ or ‘colcothar’ of commerce.

1904 H. J. Hawkins Polishing & Plating Metals iii. 75 White buffing compound, or some similar form of ‘White Rouge’, as these white polishing compounds are called in the trade, is used quite extensively on silver.

1962 R. Webster Gems I. xx. 366 The polishing powder..may be either rouge (iron oxide), green rouge (chromium oxide), putty powder..or rotten-stone.

1999 Grosvenor House Art & Antiques Fair: 1999 Handbk. 296/2 Heavier tarnish on fine silver can be cleaned using a mixture of rouge and white chalk.

a. French Politics. Also with capital initial. A political radical and upholder of workers' rights during the Revolution of 1848 and the subsequent Second Republic (1848–52). Later also more generally: a (radical) socialist. Cf. red n. 15. Chiefly historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > principles of or attachment to types of government > [noun] > republicanism > adherent of

republican1657

republicarian1666

commonwealth man1680

rouge1849

red1851

monarchomach1904

society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > principles of or attachment to types of government > [noun] > anarchism > adherent of

anarchist1648

anarch1757

antarchist1845

rouge1849

antarchistic1877

redshirt1889

red1892

anarcho1894

misarchist1896

1849 Westm. & Foreign Q. Rev. July 477 The appointment [of the Prefect of Rouen] was unexceptionable, and far from being that of a rouge, M. Dussard having accepted the cross of the Légion d'Honneur from Louis Philippe.

1897 W. C. Hazlitt Four Generations Lit. Family II. 181 De Merger was in politics a Rouge, and belonged to a very advanced political club at Tours.

1931 Ld. Elton in M. Kranzberg 1848: Turning Point? (1959) 16 In the eyes of the middle classes and peasants he [sc. Louis Napoleon] guaranteed property against the Rouges who..were believed to be plotting a second rising for 1852.

1990 E. Badone in E. Badone Relig. Orthodoxy & Pop. Faith in European Society vi. 145 The rouges are anticlerical, while the blancs..support the church.

2006 C. Callil Bad Faith i. 11 Children of political antagonists, right and left—the noirs and the rouges—were taught together.

b. Canadian Politics. Chiefly with capital initial. In the mid 19th cent.: a member of a political party in Quebec (Canada East) advocating moderate democratic reform, republicanism, and separation of the state and church (now historical). Now: a member of the Liberal party in Quebec. Cf. bleu n. 2.The Rouges merged with the Clear Grits to become the Liberal party after Confederation in 1867.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > politics > other national politics > [noun] > Canadian politics > specific party > member or adherent of

Liberal-Conservative1834

rouge1854

Socred1955

New Democrat1961

Créditiste1962

New Dem1962

Péquiste1970

1854 A. M. Murray Let. 9 Sept. in Lett. from U.S., Cuba & Canada (1856) vii. 68 Timothy Brodeur is not likely to attach himself to the Rouges after this business.

1877 Canad. Monthly & National Rev. Nov. 528/2 The address which he delivered..must serve as the manifesto of the Quebec Liberals... M. Laurier naturally skimmed over the wildnesses of his predecessors, the Rouges.

1900 Q. Rev. Apr. 339 Politically they [sc. Canadians] were divided into Conservatives, Liberals, Radicals, Clear-Grits and Rouges.

1963 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 26 Mar. 7/7 The real tug of war no longer is between the rouges and the bleus—the Liberals and the Tories—but between the ‘old’ and the ‘new’ parties.

1999 Sat. Night (Toronto) Apr. 74/2 The confidence of the federalist rouges has produced better results than the suspicion of the nationalist bleus.

Compounds

C1. Compounds of the noun.

a. (In sense B. 2.)

ΚΠ

1767 L. Sterne Let. 24 Aug. in Lett. 1765–8 (2009) 613 Another thing I must desire..'tis to throw all your rouge pots into the Sorgue before you set out.

1789 J. Marshall Ser. Lett. I. 91 The bridegroom..with a rouge box in one hand and with the other painting the ladies cheeks.

1813 T. Moore Intercepted Lett. viii. 12 Thy roseate days, When the rich rouge-pot pours its blaze Full o'er thy face.

1853 C. Tomlinson Cycl. Useful Arts (1854) II. 575/1 Dr. Ure's account of the process of rouge-making from safflower.

1878 Church Jan. 40 We see the glow of life on its countenance, not the meretricious touch of the rouge-brush.

1925 Amer. Mercury July 290/1 Some of the present rouge colors are quite hideous.

1931 F. L. Allen Only Yesterday v. 107 For every adult woman in the country there were being sold annually over a pound of face powder and no less than eight rouge compacts.

1999 G. Davies Create your own Stage Effects 19 (caption) Rouge mop for dry powders and rouge colours.

2008 B. Sharnik Every Life is Story 115 Marsha throws a rouge pot at me, and it falls at my feet, cracking open.

b. (In sense B. 5.)

ΚΠ

1823 T. Cosnett Footman's Direct. App. 246 Rouge powder, which is an excellent thing for cleaning plate, is sold ready prepared at various shops.

1884 F. J. Britten Watch & Clockmakers' Handbk. (new ed.) 50 Using a rouge leather to touch up highly polished surfaces.

1941 Pop. Sci. Monthly Mar. 165/1 The final luster is obtained by polishing on a felt or muslin wheel. Tin oxide or rouge powder mixed with water is used in this operation.

2007 R. W. Hesse Jewelrymaking through Hist. 34 To make brass jewelry, crafters use a variety of tools, including..buffing wheels, rouge polish, [etc.].

C2. Compounds of the adjective.

Rouge Cross n. now historical and rare = Rouge Croix n.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > heraldry > herald > [noun] > officer ranking below herald > English pursuivants

Rouge Cross1485

Rouge Dragon1491

Bluemantle1504

portcullis1616

Rouge Croix1644

1485–6 Act of Resumption in Rolls of Parl.: Henry VII (Electronic ed.) Parl. Nov. 1485 m. 30 Richard Grenewood, otherwise called Rowdgecrosse.

1512 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1902) IV. 348 To Rugecroce, Inglis pursevant.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. xxxix^v Thus departed Rouge Crosse with his trumpet apparayled in hys Cote of armes.

1656 T. Blount Glossographia at Harold There be four others called Marshals or Pursuivants at Arms,..those are Blew-mantle, Rouge-cross, Rouge-dragon, and Percullis.

1721 J. Strype Eccl. Memorials II. i. ii. 12 The was a Stage of Boards upon Hogsheads; and upon it stood Garter, York, Richmond, Somerset, and Rouge Cros, with their Coats of Arms.

1788 W. Hutton Battle Bosworth-field 146 The King had also added to the college of Heralds, a pursuivant at arms called Blanch-Sanglier, or White-Boar,..as former princes had created Blue-Mantle, Rouge-Cross, &c.

1860 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. (ed. 2) VI. xxx. 36 An hour after the proclamation of Mary, Rouge-cross herald arrived with the Lords' letter from London.

1895 D. D. Dixon Whittingham Vale xv. 260 Surrey kept Islay prisoner and pledge at Mile till the King of Scotland delivered the English herald, Rouge Cross, whom he detained.

1902 J. Foster Some Feudal Coats of Arms p. ix The Ashmole copy,..made by that notorious Elizabethan Herald Ralfe Brooke (when Rouge Cross, 1580–93).

2003 L. Picard Elizabeth's London (2005) x. 187 Two of their colleagues, Rouge-Cross and Clarenceux, took part in the funeral procession of Lady Hewet.

Rouge Dragon n. one of the four pursuivants of the English College of Arms, named after the badge of Henry VII (the red dragon of Cadwallader), who instituted the office on the eve of his coronation in 1485.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > heraldry > herald > [noun] > officer ranking below herald > English pursuivants

Rouge Cross1485

Rouge Dragon1491

Bluemantle1504

portcullis1616

Rouge Croix1644

1491 in T. Dickson Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1877) I. 179 To Roche Dragon purcyfant of Ingland.

1603 H. Chettle Englandes Mourning Garment sig. F3 Sergeants... Maister of the houshold. Sir Henrie Cocke cofferer. Rouge Dragon.

1722 London Gaz. No. 6084/4 Rouge Croix, Pursuivant of Arms. Rouge Dragon, Pursuivant of Arms.

1756 Connoisseur No. 102. ⁋1 Upon my accession..to my elder brother's estate and title of a Baronet I received a visit from Rouge Dragon.

1806 A. Duncan Nelson's Funeral 30 Rouge Dragon Pursuivant of Arms, habited as Blue Mantle.

1869 F. J. Furnivall in H. Gilbert Queene Elizabethes Achademy Forewords p. xxiv To Mr. G. E. Adams, Rouge Dragon,..I tender hearty thanks.

1959 E. Waugh Let. 2 Sept. in M. Amory Lett. Evelyn Waugh (1980) 527 I knew a Rouge Dragon Pursuivant once.

1993 S. Friar & J. Ferguson Basic Heraldry iii. 74 The (English) Officers of Arms in Ordinary now comprise three kings of arms.., six heralds..and four poursuivants (Bluemantle, Portcullis, Rouge Croix, and Rouge Dragon).

Derivatives

rouge-like adj.

ΚΠ

1800 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 3 130 A small circular, rouge-like appearance on each cheek.

1902 Strand Mag. Feb. 184/2 I paid him [sc. an artist] double fee, especially as he had thrown in a beautiful, rouge-like complexion.

2005 A. A. Salyers & D. D. Whitt Revenge of Microbes i. 7 Tuberculosis..caused an ethereal pallor in the sufferer, highlighted by a rouge-like coloration of the cheeks.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

rougev.

Brit.

/ruːʒ/, U.S.

/ruʒ/

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: rouge n.¹

Etymology: < rouge n.¹

Now somewhat archaic.

a. transitive. To apply rouge to (the cheeks, lips, etc.); to colour with rouge.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the skin or complexion > beautify (the skin or complexion) [verb (transitive)] > paint or colour > with a reddening agent

rouge1752

1752 Escapes of Poet. Genius 11 In vain you Rouge the Cheek and Chin, Ape a Maniere,..The Connoisseur still plainly sees You've Nothing French but the Disease.

1777 F. Burney Jrnl. 7 Apr. in Early Jrnls. & Lett. (1990) II. 248 His Face was very delicately rouged.

1827 Lady Morgan O'Briens & O'Flahertys II. 28 Lady Knocklofty, dear, says I, I wish you would allow me to rouge you.

1884 Unitarian Rev. & Relig. Mag. Apr. 292 She had rouged her cheeks for the performance.

1938 C. Odets Golden Boy (new ed.) iii. ii, in Famous Plays of 1938–9 (1939) 204 (stage direct.) She lights a cigarette; this reminds her to rouge her lips.

2003 L. Landvik Angry Housewives eating Bon Bons (2004) 42 She rouged her cheeks with a heavy hand and blackened her eyebrows with pencil.

b. intransitive. To apply rouge to the face (cheeks, lips, etc.).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the skin or complexion > beautify the skin or complexion [verb (intransitive)] > paint or colour > with a reddening agent

rouge1780

pink1792

1780 Gentleman's Mag. Dec. 582/1 The men..Rouge more than we do, simper, flounce, and fret.

1799 C. T. Smith What is She? iv. i. 59 Did she rouge, and varnish, or wear a red wig?

1822 W. Hazlitt Table-talk II. viii. 193 Rouge high enough, and never mind the natural complexion.

1848 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair lxiv. 580 She rouged regularly now.

1880 ‘Ouida’ Moths III. 17 Vera would be a sublime wax doll, if she rouged.

1921 Everybody's Mag. July 64/2 She looked a good seven years younger... Dilling understood that she had rouged with remarkable skill.

2000 E. Donoghue Slammerkin v. 225 I think she rouges. Those lips aren't a natural shade.

2. figurative.

a. intransitive. To go red in the face; to blush; to become flushed.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > skin > complexion > redness > [verb (intransitive)] > blush

redOE

rudOE

glowc1386

blushc1450

colour1616

paint1631

reddena1648

vermilion1699

mantle1707

flush1709

crimson1780

rouge1780

ruddy1845

smoke1862

mount1894

rose1922

1780 F. Burney Jrnl. Apr. in Early Jrnls. & Lett. (2003) IV. 50 They all stared, & too be sure I rouged pretty high.

1870 M. Symington Nessie's Hero xi. 117 The cheeks rouged instantly and vividly, but became white the next instant.

1954 H. Gold in New World Writing No. 6. 13 You should have seen me rouge all over.

1999 T. Lott White City Blue (2000) 224 His chest begins to heave up and down, his fists tighten on the club, the skin rouges.

b. transitive. To cause to blush or become flushed; (more generally) to redden. Frequently in passive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > making or becoming red > make red [verb (transitive)]

red?c1225

rud?c1225

rubifyc1450

inflame1477

keel1508

redden1552

rubrify1587

fire1597

blusha1616

over-reda1616

ruddy1689

rouge1815

1815 F. Burney Jrnl. in Jrnls & Lett. (1980) VIII. 374 Madame.., though rouged the whole time with confusion, never ventured to address a word to me.

1864 A. J. Evans Macaria xxv. 300 Fever rouged the polished cheeks usually pure as alabaster.

1870 Rambles in Cuba ii. 28 On two cross corners of each table, a square pile of rice, polished with oil and rouged with juice of tomatoes.

1907 Sound Waves Apr. 177/2 The fleecy white clouds..when gilded or rouged by sunshine or sunset make the heavens a miracle of color.

1977 D. Abse Coll. Poems 179 The western skies try to rouge the snow.

2001 L. Michaels Grand Ambition (2002) 181 Women in pink stoles with cheeks rouged by the wind.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	rouge
释义	rougen.² Brit. /ruːdʒ/, U.S. /rudʒ/ Forms: 1800s rooge, 1800s ruge, 1800s– rouge. Origin: Of unknown origin. Etymology: Origin unknown. Perhaps compare rudge v. 1. Eton College. In the Eton College field game and wall game: a form of scrimmage. Also in extended use. Cf. bully n.² 1. Now chiefly historical. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > football > other forms of football > [noun] > Eton > scrimmage rouge1832 bully1865 1832 Eton College Mag. 8 Oct. 140 The case of one killed in a ‘rouge’ at foot-ball. 1863 A. W. Kinglake Invasion of Crimea II. 412 He wedged his cob into the thick of the crowd—the ‘rooge’, he would call it in his old Eton idiom of speech. 1899 A. West Recoll. II. xxi. 276 The Peers and under-the-Gallery people acting exactly as we used to in a ‘rouge’ at football at Eton. 1989 R. Holt Sport & Brit. ii. 77 A furious mêlée known as the ‘rouge’ at Eton, the ‘hot’ at Winchester, and most ominously the ‘squash’ at Harrow was the main feature of such games. 2005 A. Harvey Football ii. 24 Despite being in the thick of every rouge,..Captain Wyndham..only ever had his shins injured. 2. a. Rugby. A score awarded for successfully performing a particular manoeuvre, typically forcing the opposing team to ground the ball on or behind its own try line. Cf. minor point n. at minor adj. and n. Compounds 2. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > football > rugby football > [noun] > scoring touch1845 run-in1846 rouge1856 touchdown1856 touch-in-goal1869 try1870 minor1883 minor point1884 pot1888 major point1896 penalty try1922 conversion1927 pushover1940 1856 Bell's Life in London 21 Dec. 6/6 After a good contest Sunbury won by four goals and one rouge to one goal and one rouge, one disputed rouge being given in favour of Sunbury. 1871 Bell's Life in London 28 Oct. 4/2 The game was brought to a premature end, and the Gipsies declared victors by a goal, three touchdowns, and two rouges, to two rouges on the part of the Civil Service. 1880 Bristol Mercury 14 Dec. 3/6 Winning by two goals, two tries, and several rouges to nil. 1887 M. Shearman Athletics & Football (Badminton Libr. of Sports & Pastimes) 287 If, however, there is no chance of shooting a goal from mid-field, the player with the ball runs it down to the goal-line and takes it along the line towards the posts, and then makes his shot, or more frequently endeavours to secure a minor point, called a ‘rouge’. 1902 Public School Mag. Jan. 21/1 In 1867 Boyce's won the House Championship, defeating Brooke Smith's by a goal and two rouges. 2009 T. Collins Social Hist. Eng. Rugby Union vi. 136 Typically these unofficial scoring systems awarded..single points, known as ‘minors’ against a side which touched the ball down behind its own goal-line, known by some as ‘rouges’. b. Eton College. In the Eton College field game: a score awarded when an attacker touches a ball that has been kicked or deflected over the goal line by the defending team. Cf. try n. 4b.The scoring of a rouge entitles the scoring side to a kick at goal. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > football > other forms of football > [noun] > Eton > point rouge1861 shy1868 1861 Bell's Life in London 13 Oct. 6/3 Eton..won by 1 goal and 3 rouges. 1868 Hurst Johnlan Mag. 10 349 The School gained three rouges, but each time the place-kick at the goal was unsuccessful. 1892 F. Marshall Football 34 Should..the ball go behind from the charge and be touched by one of the attacking side, a ‘rouge’ will be scored. Now three rouges make a goal. 1922 S. Leslie Oppidan xv. 174 A rouge was scored against the House. 1944 Times 4 Dec. 6/5 In the Field after luncheon the 60th beat the Brigade of Guards by a goal to a rouge. 2005 Evening Standard (Nexis) 1 Apr. 12 He was able to take part in an old boys' game of the Eton Field Game recently... He also managed to score a ‘rouge’ (the equivalent of a try in rugby). c. Canadian Football. A single point scored when the defending team fails to run a kick out of its own end zone. Also called single. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > football > other forms of football > [noun] > goal in Canadian football > point rouge1884 1884 Manitoba Daily Free Press 20 Oct. The Bankers were declared the victors by one goal, one try and three rouges to their opponents' nil. 1895 Outing 27 249/2 A ‘rouge’ occurs when a man, in order to save his team from a ‘try’ being tallied against them, himself touches the ball down behind his own goal, and thereby gives one point to the opposing side. 1912 Scroll of Phi Delta Theta 12 Sept. 22 This play is known as a rouge, and results in the offensive side scoring one point. 1966 Weekend Mag. (Montreal) 27 Aug. 20/2 If only our rouge were added to the American game, football..wouldn't leave a thing to be desired as a game. 2007 Calgary (Alberta) Herald (Nexis) 12 Nov. d1 After Sandro DeAngelis kicked a field goal, Congi replied with two more three-pointers and a rouge to give the hosts a 26-17 lead. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). rougeadj.n.¹ Brit. /ruːʒ/, U.S. /ruʒ/ Forms: late Middle English rouȝ, late Middle English rowdge, late Middle English– rouge, 1500s ruge, 1600s roughe; also Scottish pre-1700 roche, pre-1700 rouch. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French rouge. Etymology: < Middle French rouge (French rouge ) (adjective) red (c1130 in Old French), (noun) the colour red, red colouring (12th cent.), red make-up (1579 in rouge d'Espagne , 1669 as simplex), red wine (1612 or earlier), member of a 19th-cent. political party in Canada (1855 or earlier) < classical Latin rubeus red (see rubeola n.).With sense B. 2a compare earlier red n. 4. With sense B. 3 compare earlier red n. 5. With sense B. 4 compare earlier red n. 1c With sense B. 6a compare slightly earlier red adj. 18 and the discussion at that sense; also slightly later red n. 15. A. adj. Of or being of the colour red. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [adjective] redeOE reodeOE ruddya1398 reddy?c1400 purple1415 rougea1425 redly1486 gules1503 red-coloured1547 guly1592 blushing1597 angrya1616 rubric1623 minious1646 nacarinea1648 ruddle1649 rubriform1704 carbuncly?1730 blushful1804 envermeiled1822 ablush1852 flammulated1872 pyrrhous1890 a1425 Medulla Gram. (Stonyhurst) f. 56^v Ruphus, rubeus or rouȝ. c1440 Liber de Diversis Med. 67 (MED) Gedir theis herbis..consoud petit, crope de cambre, fenell with þe sede, rouge cholet. 1796 Evangelical Mag. Oct. 410 The cowl has only been exchanged for the rouge cap. 1896 Garden 11 July 28/1 The sepals and petals are dull rouge, marked with reddish purple. 2005 Z. Chen tr. Du Du in R. Xu Food & Chinese Culture 131 The meat has a rouge color, and gives off a tempting aroma. B. n.¹ 1. Red colour; an instance of this. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [noun] rednesseOE rudOE red?c1225 ruddya1387 ruddinessa1398 gulesa1400 rothumc1400 ruddeningc1400 ruddonc1400 rouge1437 rubor?a1450 rossome1527 Mars1572 rubedinousness1599 reddiness1611 scarletness1611 rubetude1657 floridity1713 erubescence1736 floridness1776 fiery1847 raddle1860 1437 in H. Nicolas Proc. & Ordinances Privy Council (1835) V. 62 (MED) Item, delivered..an ymage..garnized with roses maad with rougeclere. 1913 Engin. & Contracting 30 Apr. 488/3 The clinker varies in color from reddish yellow through a brown to a bright rouge, great contrast to the slaty colors of clays. 1999 P. D. Cornwell Black Notice (2000) xx. 185 Vander moved the tripod closer to the dead man's black jeans and the inside-out right pocket began to glow a dull rouge. 2. a. A cosmetic used to give colour to the cheeks or lips; (originally) a fine red cosmetic powder prepared from safflower. Now somewhat archaic.Now chiefly used to highlight the cheekbones, and usually called blusher. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the skin or complexion > [noun] > preparations for the skin or complexion > paints or colours > reddening reda1398 cloth of Levant1497 red leather1545 safflower1583 cheek-varnish1598 vermilion1600 rubric1650 rud1651 Spanish wool1678 French reda1680 saffranon1731 French rouge?1745 rouge1746 1746 T. Brecknock Poems & Odes 41 The City of Paris, where Ladies of Fashion, and Actresses on the Stage are particularly remarkable for the immoderate Quantity of Rouge they put upon their Cheeks. 1762 Songs & Poems Costume (Percy Soc.) 240 Let the world be the judge: Why you daub 'em all over with cold-cream and rouge. 1807 J. Robinson Archæol. Græca v. xxv. 543 The Athenian women..applied to their faces a layer of ceruse or white lead, with deep tints of rouge. 1853 C. Dickens Bleak House xl. 400 The innocence which would go extremely well with a sash and tucker, is a little out of keeping with the rouge and pearl necklace. 1875 Mrs. Randolph Wild Hyacinth I. 19 I recollect I had rubbed rouge on my cheeks and white stuff on my nose. 1922 La Crosse (Wisconsin) Tribune & Leader-Press 29 Sept. 3/3 She drew out her lipstick and began to apply a little French rouge to her already bow-shaped lips. 1943 D. Whipple They were Sisters (2004) xix. 328 Now for skin-tonic, now complexion milk, now rouge, eye-shadow, powder, mascara, lipstick. 1999 H. Lindsay QPH in H. Gilbert Postcolonial Plays (2001) 161/2 Darling do keep still. You're looking a bit pale. Come put on an insy bit of rouge. b. figurative and in allusive use. Something that adorns, embellishes, or disguises a person or thing, esp. in a superficial way. Also: natural redness of the face or cheeks; a flush, a blush. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > skin > complexion > redness > [noun] > with blushing blushing1581 flushing1590 suffusion1700 flush1706 bloom1752 mantling1753 rouge1759 hectic1768 vermilion1787 smoking1862 mantle1897 1759 Hist. Portia II. 233 She has gentle softness and tender fear;..innate purity [is] all her rouge. 1766 H. Brooke Fool of Quality II. xii. 248 The Glow of Modesty is the only Rouge that will be allowed to any fair Face of Quality. 1811 L.-M. Hawkins Countess & Gertrude I. xix. 324 Illicit connexions she seemed to consider as the rouge of modern character. 1864 National Rev. Nov. 48 Though the rouge of ornate literature excites our eye, it also impairs our confidence. 1882 ‘F. Anstey’ Vice Versâ xvii. 312 I saw through his rouge with half an eye. 1907 A. M. Ivimy tr. F. Loliée Women of Second Empire v. 205 The seventy or seventy-five, whose virtues and charms are here extolled, hid beneath the rouge of modesty and pretended not to recognize themselves. 1970 M. S. Harper Village Blues in Images of Kin (1977) 186 A man sunken with rum, his face sandpapered into a rouge of split and broken capillaries. 2003 S. Dunant Birth of Venus (2004) vii. 54 Her face is full and soft, her skin fabulously pale, though with the rouge of excitement lighting up the cheeks. †c. A person wearing rouge. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1855 W. M. Thackeray Newcomes II. xii. 120 Miss Newcome rode away—back amongst the roses and the rouges. 3. French red wine. Cf. red n. 5, vin rouge n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > wine > types of wine > [noun] > red wine red wineOE redc1400 ruby1671 vino tinto1673 red fustian1699 rouge1786 vinho tinto1835 vin rouge1917 vino rosso1949 tinto1958 vino nero1968 1786 T. Jefferson Memorandum Bks. 15 July (1997) I. 633 Paid portage of 288. bottles of wine from Bourdeaux, to wit 144. rouge & 144. blanc. 1903 Temple Bar Mar. 348 These last things will remind you of your demi-bouteille of rouge orblanc waiting to be uncorked. 1957 L. Durrell Let. July in Spirit of Place (1969) 143 You should see..the care with which they select a good bottle of champagne..or even an ordinary rouge at a shilling. 2005 Guardian (Nexis) 19 Nov. (Travel section) 6 If..you sleep soundly after a good bottle of rouge and a four-course meal, remember to set your alarm clock or you may miss the scenery. 4. Gambling. Cf. red n. 1c. a. The row of cards designated ‘red’ in the game of rouge et noir (see rouge et noir n.); the red diamond on the table on which stakes are placed on ‘red’ to win; ‘red’ as a bet or winning outcome in this game. Cf. noir n. 2a. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > games of chance played with cards > [noun] > Rouge et Noir > colour red1793 noir1805 rouge1805 couleur1867 1805 New Pocket Hoyle 117 Another parcel is then dealt for rouge in a similar manner. 1828 E. Bulwer-Lytton Pelham I. xix. 147 He set them all at one hazard, on the rouge. 1867 H. G. Bohn et al. Hand-bk. Games (new ed.) 343 The punters place on the Rouge, the Noir, the Couleur, or the Inverse, the sum they wish to risk. 1928 M. Carol How to play Roulette iv. 56 The even money chances [in the game of rouge et noir] are Rouge or Red, Noir or Black, Coleur [sic] and Inverse. 1964 A. Wykes Gambling vii. 171 (caption) The dealer lays out two rows of cards (le noir and le rouge) until each totals 31 or more. Players bet that one or the other row will be nearer to 31 by placing chips on rouge or on noir. 1995 R. A. Epstein Theory of Gambling & Statist. Logic (rev. ed.) vi. 191 A dealer representing the ‘house’ deals two rows of cards, the first row corresponding to Noire and the second to Rouge. b. The red numbers in the game of roulette; a red number, esp. as a winning outcome, in this game. Cf. noir n. 2b. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > roulette > [noun] > numbers or colours black1793 red1793 rouge1835 impair1850 noir1850 pair1867 1835 Hoyle's Games (rev. ed.) i. 49 The rouge wins when the ball enters a hole of which the number is red. 1870 Tinsley's Mag. Sept. 156/2 The long table, with the wheel in the centre, forms two roulette-tables, the wheel being common to both; and of course, if rouge loses on one side, it also loses on the other. 1923 L. H. Dawson Hoyle's Games Modernized ii. 279 To bet on both Passe and Noir or Rouge and Manque at the same time, two separate stakes would be required. 1969 J. Binstock Casino Admin. vi. 72 This [sc. roulette] is played on a table with 37 numbers from zero to 36, the so-called ‘even chance’ bets being pair and impair, passe and manque, rouge and noir. 1999 J. Raban Passage to Juneau ii. 75 A couple of chips on rouge and another couple on impair was my fallback position; though it rarely showed a profit, it kept me in the game. 5. A finely ground, deep red powder consisting of ferric oxide (Fe₂O₃), used for polishing metal and glass; = jeweller's rouge at jeweller n. Compounds 2. Also (usually with distinguishing word denoting colour): any of various similar substances used for polishing. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > polishing > [noun] > polish > types of pumice1422 emery1481 foam of copperas1538 pumex1589 emery-stone1610 smiris1610 putty1663 rottenstone1677 tutty1731 French rouge?1745 rotstone1767 plate powder1786 emery-powder18.. rouge1808 waxing1825 black lead1830 tin-putty1839 red stuff1844 stove-polish1858 crocusa1861 crocus-powder1873 furniture cream1873 grit-emery1884 silver polish1895 Ronuk1896 Brasso1905 floor polish1907 lavender cream1926 lavender polish1961 lavender wax1970 1799 Repertory Arts & Manuf. 10 406 It [sc. a glass plate] is then covered with a powder, which the workmen call Rouge d'Angleterre, composed of the residuum from the distillation of aqua fortis, mixed with vitriol of iron and common salt.] 1808 W. Nicholson Dict. Pract. & Theoret. Chem. (at cited word) Rouge (polishing),..a powder employed by goldsmiths to give the last polish to their work, which they commonly call colouring it. 1850 C. Holtzapffel Turning & Mech. Manip. III. 1082 The red and black oxides of iron..are prepared by manufacturing chemists..as polishing powders, commercially known as crocus, rouge, red stuff,..&c. 1884 W. H. Greenwood Steel & Iron 44 A bright red pulverulent powder, forming the ‘rouge’ or ‘colcothar’ of commerce. 1904 H. J. Hawkins Polishing & Plating Metals iii. 75 White buffing compound, or some similar form of ‘White Rouge’, as these white polishing compounds are called in the trade, is used quite extensively on silver. 1962 R. Webster Gems I. xx. 366 The polishing powder..may be either rouge (iron oxide), green rouge (chromium oxide), putty powder..or rotten-stone. 1999 Grosvenor House Art & Antiques Fair: 1999 Handbk. 296/2 Heavier tarnish on fine silver can be cleaned using a mixture of rouge and white chalk. 6. a. French Politics. Also with capital initial. A political radical and upholder of workers' rights during the Revolution of 1848 and the subsequent Second Republic (1848–52). Later also more generally: a (radical) socialist. Cf. red n. 15. Chiefly historical. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > principles of or attachment to types of government > [noun] > republicanism > adherent of republican1657 republicarian1666 commonwealth man1680 rouge1849 red1851 monarchomach1904 society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > principles of or attachment to types of government > [noun] > anarchism > adherent of anarchist1648 anarch1757 antarchist1845 rouge1849 antarchistic1877 redshirt1889 red1892 anarcho1894 misarchist1896 1849 Westm. & Foreign Q. Rev. July 477 The appointment [of the Prefect of Rouen] was unexceptionable, and far from being that of a rouge, M. Dussard having accepted the cross of the Légion d'Honneur from Louis Philippe. 1897 W. C. Hazlitt Four Generations Lit. Family II. 181 De Merger was in politics a Rouge, and belonged to a very advanced political club at Tours. 1931 Ld. Elton in M. Kranzberg 1848: Turning Point? (1959) 16 In the eyes of the middle classes and peasants he [sc. Louis Napoleon] guaranteed property against the Rouges who..were believed to be plotting a second rising for 1852. 1990 E. Badone in E. Badone Relig. Orthodoxy & Pop. Faith in European Society vi. 145 The rouges are anticlerical, while the blancs..support the church. 2006 C. Callil Bad Faith i. 11 Children of political antagonists, right and left—the noirs and the rouges—were taught together. b. Canadian Politics. Chiefly with capital initial. In the mid 19th cent.: a member of a political party in Quebec (Canada East) advocating moderate democratic reform, republicanism, and separation of the state and church (now historical). Now: a member of the Liberal party in Quebec. Cf. bleu n. 2.The Rouges merged with the Clear Grits to become the Liberal party after Confederation in 1867. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > politics > other national politics > [noun] > Canadian politics > specific party > member or adherent of Liberal-Conservative1834 rouge1854 Socred1955 New Democrat1961 Créditiste1962 New Dem1962 Péquiste1970 1854 A. M. Murray Let. 9 Sept. in Lett. from U.S., Cuba & Canada (1856) vii. 68 Timothy Brodeur is not likely to attach himself to the Rouges after this business. 1877 Canad. Monthly & National Rev. Nov. 528/2 The address which he delivered..must serve as the manifesto of the Quebec Liberals... M. Laurier naturally skimmed over the wildnesses of his predecessors, the Rouges. 1900 Q. Rev. Apr. 339 Politically they [sc. Canadians] were divided into Conservatives, Liberals, Radicals, Clear-Grits and Rouges. 1963 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 26 Mar. 7/7 The real tug of war no longer is between the rouges and the bleus—the Liberals and the Tories—but between the ‘old’ and the ‘new’ parties. 1999 Sat. Night (Toronto) Apr. 74/2 The confidence of the federalist rouges has produced better results than the suspicion of the nationalist bleus. Compounds C1. Compounds of the noun. a. (In sense B. 2.) ΚΠ 1767 L. Sterne Let. 24 Aug. in Lett. 1765–8 (2009) 613 Another thing I must desire..'tis to throw all your rouge pots into the Sorgue before you set out. 1789 J. Marshall Ser. Lett. I. 91 The bridegroom..with a rouge box in one hand and with the other painting the ladies cheeks. 1813 T. Moore Intercepted Lett. viii. 12 Thy roseate days, When the rich rouge-pot pours its blaze Full o'er thy face. 1853 C. Tomlinson Cycl. Useful Arts (1854) II. 575/1 Dr. Ure's account of the process of rouge-making from safflower. 1878 Church Jan. 40 We see the glow of life on its countenance, not the meretricious touch of the rouge-brush. 1925 Amer. Mercury July 290/1 Some of the present rouge colors are quite hideous. 1931 F. L. Allen Only Yesterday v. 107 For every adult woman in the country there were being sold annually over a pound of face powder and no less than eight rouge compacts. 1999 G. Davies Create your own Stage Effects 19 (caption) Rouge mop for dry powders and rouge colours. 2008 B. Sharnik Every Life is Story 115 Marsha throws a rouge pot at me, and it falls at my feet, cracking open. b. (In sense B. 5.) ΚΠ 1823 T. Cosnett Footman's Direct. App. 246 Rouge powder, which is an excellent thing for cleaning plate, is sold ready prepared at various shops. 1884 F. J. Britten Watch & Clockmakers' Handbk. (new ed.) 50 Using a rouge leather to touch up highly polished surfaces. 1941 Pop. Sci. Monthly Mar. 165/1 The final luster is obtained by polishing on a felt or muslin wheel. Tin oxide or rouge powder mixed with water is used in this operation. 2007 R. W. Hesse Jewelrymaking through Hist. 34 To make brass jewelry, crafters use a variety of tools, including..buffing wheels, rouge polish, [etc.]. C2. Compounds of the adjective. Rouge Cross n. now historical and rare = Rouge Croix n. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > heraldry > herald > [noun] > officer ranking below herald > English pursuivants Rouge Cross1485 Rouge Dragon1491 Bluemantle1504 portcullis1616 Rouge Croix1644 1485–6 Act of Resumption in Rolls of Parl.: Henry VII (Electronic ed.) Parl. Nov. 1485 m. 30 Richard Grenewood, otherwise called Rowdgecrosse. 1512 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1902) IV. 348 To Rugecroce, Inglis pursevant. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. xxxix^v Thus departed Rouge Crosse with his trumpet apparayled in hys Cote of armes. 1656 T. Blount Glossographia at Harold There be four others called Marshals or Pursuivants at Arms,..those are Blew-mantle, Rouge-cross, Rouge-dragon, and Percullis. 1721 J. Strype Eccl. Memorials II. i. ii. 12 The was a Stage of Boards upon Hogsheads; and upon it stood Garter, York, Richmond, Somerset, and Rouge Cros, with their Coats of Arms. 1788 W. Hutton Battle Bosworth-field 146 The King had also added to the college of Heralds, a pursuivant at arms called Blanch-Sanglier, or White-Boar,..as former princes had created Blue-Mantle, Rouge-Cross, &c. 1860 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. (ed. 2) VI. xxx. 36 An hour after the proclamation of Mary, Rouge-cross herald arrived with the Lords' letter from London. 1895 D. D. Dixon Whittingham Vale xv. 260 Surrey kept Islay prisoner and pledge at Mile till the King of Scotland delivered the English herald, Rouge Cross, whom he detained. 1902 J. Foster Some Feudal Coats of Arms p. ix The Ashmole copy,..made by that notorious Elizabethan Herald Ralfe Brooke (when Rouge Cross, 1580–93). 2003 L. Picard Elizabeth's London (2005) x. 187 Two of their colleagues, Rouge-Cross and Clarenceux, took part in the funeral procession of Lady Hewet. Rouge Dragon n. one of the four pursuivants of the English College of Arms, named after the badge of Henry VII (the red dragon of Cadwallader), who instituted the office on the eve of his coronation in 1485. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > heraldry > herald > [noun] > officer ranking below herald > English pursuivants Rouge Cross1485 Rouge Dragon1491 Bluemantle1504 portcullis1616 Rouge Croix1644 1491 in T. Dickson Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1877) I. 179 To Roche Dragon purcyfant of Ingland. 1603 H. Chettle Englandes Mourning Garment sig. F3 Sergeants... Maister of the houshold. Sir Henrie Cocke cofferer. Rouge Dragon. 1722 London Gaz. No. 6084/4 Rouge Croix, Pursuivant of Arms. Rouge Dragon, Pursuivant of Arms. 1756 Connoisseur No. 102. ⁋1 Upon my accession..to my elder brother's estate and title of a Baronet I received a visit from Rouge Dragon. 1806 A. Duncan Nelson's Funeral 30 Rouge Dragon Pursuivant of Arms, habited as Blue Mantle. 1869 F. J. Furnivall in H. Gilbert Queene Elizabethes Achademy Forewords p. xxiv To Mr. G. E. Adams, Rouge Dragon,..I tender hearty thanks. 1959 E. Waugh Let. 2 Sept. in M. Amory Lett. Evelyn Waugh (1980) 527 I knew a Rouge Dragon Pursuivant once. 1993 S. Friar & J. Ferguson Basic Heraldry iii. 74 The (English) Officers of Arms in Ordinary now comprise three kings of arms.., six heralds..and four poursuivants (Bluemantle, Portcullis, Rouge Croix, and Rouge Dragon). Derivatives rouge-like adj. ΚΠ 1800 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 3 130 A small circular, rouge-like appearance on each cheek. 1902 Strand Mag. Feb. 184/2 I paid him [sc. an artist] double fee, especially as he had thrown in a beautiful, rouge-like complexion. 2005 A. A. Salyers & D. D. Whitt Revenge of Microbes i. 7 Tuberculosis..caused an ethereal pallor in the sufferer, highlighted by a rouge-like coloration of the cheeks. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online June 2022). rougev. Brit. /ruːʒ/, U.S. /ruʒ/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: rouge n.¹ Etymology: < rouge n.¹ Now somewhat archaic. 1. a. transitive. To apply rouge to (the cheeks, lips, etc.); to colour with rouge. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the skin or complexion > beautify (the skin or complexion) [verb (transitive)] > paint or colour > with a reddening agent rouge1752 1752 Escapes of Poet. Genius 11 In vain you Rouge the Cheek and Chin, Ape a Maniere,..The Connoisseur still plainly sees You've Nothing French but the Disease. 1777 F. Burney Jrnl. 7 Apr. in Early Jrnls. & Lett. (1990) II. 248 His Face was very delicately rouged. 1827 Lady Morgan O'Briens & O'Flahertys II. 28 Lady Knocklofty, dear, says I, I wish you would allow me to rouge you. 1884 Unitarian Rev. & Relig. Mag. Apr. 292 She had rouged her cheeks for the performance. 1938 C. Odets Golden Boy (new ed.) iii. ii, in Famous Plays of 1938–9 (1939) 204 (stage direct.) She lights a cigarette; this reminds her to rouge her lips. 2003 L. Landvik Angry Housewives eating Bon Bons (2004) 42 She rouged her cheeks with a heavy hand and blackened her eyebrows with pencil. b. intransitive. To apply rouge to the face (cheeks, lips, etc.). ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the skin or complexion > beautify the skin or complexion [verb (intransitive)] > paint or colour > with a reddening agent rouge1780 pink1792 1780 Gentleman's Mag. Dec. 582/1 The men..Rouge more than we do, simper, flounce, and fret. 1799 C. T. Smith What is She? iv. i. 59 Did she rouge, and varnish, or wear a red wig? 1822 W. Hazlitt Table-talk II. viii. 193 Rouge high enough, and never mind the natural complexion. 1848 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair lxiv. 580 She rouged regularly now. 1880 ‘Ouida’ Moths III. 17 Vera would be a sublime wax doll, if she rouged. 1921 Everybody's Mag. July 64/2 She looked a good seven years younger... Dilling understood that she had rouged with remarkable skill. 2000 E. Donoghue Slammerkin v. 225 I think she rouges. Those lips aren't a natural shade. 2. figurative. a. intransitive. To go red in the face; to blush; to become flushed. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > skin > complexion > redness > [verb (intransitive)] > blush redOE rudOE glowc1386 blushc1450 colour1616 paint1631 reddena1648 vermilion1699 mantle1707 flush1709 crimson1780 rouge1780 ruddy1845 smoke1862 mount1894 rose1922 1780 F. Burney Jrnl. Apr. in Early Jrnls. & Lett. (2003) IV. 50 They all stared, & too be sure I rouged pretty high. 1870 M. Symington Nessie's Hero xi. 117 The cheeks rouged instantly and vividly, but became white the next instant. 1954 H. Gold in New World Writing No. 6. 13 You should have seen me rouge all over. 1999 T. Lott White City Blue (2000) 224 His chest begins to heave up and down, his fists tighten on the club, the skin rouges. b. transitive. To cause to blush or become flushed; (more generally) to redden. Frequently in passive. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > making or becoming red > make red [verb (transitive)] red?c1225 rud?c1225 rubifyc1450 inflame1477 keel1508 redden1552 rubrify1587 fire1597 blusha1616 over-reda1616 ruddy1689 rouge1815 1815 F. Burney Jrnl. in Jrnls & Lett. (1980) VIII. 374 Madame.., though rouged the whole time with confusion, never ventured to address a word to me. 1864 A. J. Evans Macaria xxv. 300 Fever rouged the polished cheeks usually pure as alabaster. 1870 Rambles in Cuba ii. 28 On two cross corners of each table, a square pile of rice, polished with oil and rouged with juice of tomatoes. 1907 Sound Waves Apr. 177/2 The fleecy white clouds..when gilded or rouged by sunshine or sunset make the heavens a miracle of color. 1977 D. Abse Coll. Poems 179 The western skies try to rouge the snow. 2001 L. Michaels Grand Ambition (2002) 181 Women in pink stoles with cheeks rouged by the wind. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.²1832adj.n.¹a1425v.1752
随便看	drenching-staff drenchinggun drenchinghorn drenchingly drenchingstaff dreng drengage drengh drenkle drent drepanid drepaniform drepanis drepanium drepaniums drepanoid drepe dreper dreping dresden drese dress dress a person's jacket dress a window dress agency

rougen.2

rougeadj.n.1

Compounds

Derivatives

rougev.

rougen.²

rougeadj.n.¹