rendingn.

Brit.

/ˈrɛndɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈrɛndɪŋ/

Forms: see rend v.¹ and -ing suffix¹.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rend v.¹, -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: < rend v.¹ + -ing suffix¹.

a. The action of rend v.¹ Also with adverbs, esp. asunder.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > tearing or tearing apart > [noun]

tatteringc1380

rendinga1398

rifta1400

rentingc1405

ripping1463

direption1483

outriving1488

dilaceration1545

raving1553

dilaniation1569

divulsion1603

discission1628

discerption1645

tear1666

rent1753

shredding1954

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 161 Whan he knowes þat he is..with ynne þe fysshers ponge he..bigynneþ to make him awaie with brekyng and rendyng of ȝerdes.

c1415 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Corpus Oxf.) (1868) l. 2834 Whan Ector was brought al fressh y-slayn To Troye allas the pite þat was þere Cracching of cheekes rendyng eek of here.

Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 429 Rendynge a-sundry, laceracio.

1569 A. Golding tr. N. Hemmingsen Postill (new ed.) f. 340 ^v Hee stirreth vp too the intente hee may leaue nothing vnattempted, which by any meanes may make eyther too the ouerthrow or too the rending of the churche in peeces.

1635 J. Swan Speculum Mundi v. §2. 123 A noise like to the rending of broad cloth.

1654 J. Howell in S. Lennard tr. S. Mazzella Parthenopoeia To Rdr. sig. A3^v The rending away of the county of Rossillon, hath given so shrewd a check to the Spanish Monarchy.

1693 T. Urquhart & P. A. Motteux tr. F. Rabelais 3rd Bk. Wks. xlviii. 393 Direption, tearing and rending asunder of their Joynts.

1751 G. Lavington Enthusiasm Methodists & Papists: Pt. III 286 'Tis an Eradication, or rending of the Soul.

1813 R. Bakewell Introd. Geol. viii. 189 Virgil has represented the rending of rocks as one of the common effects of lightning.

1863 A. P. Stanley Lect. Jewish Church I. v. 110 The rending asunder of the veil which overhung the temple.

1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VI. 370 The rending or otherwise yielding of the coats of the vessel was accompanied by severe pain.

1930 J. Buchan Castle Gay i. 20 The table collapsed,..and the rending of timber and the recriminations of journalists were added to the apocalyptic din.

1946 C. Fry Firstborn iii. i. 85 Can you hear it, the noise, The rending apart and shuddering-to of wings?

1968 R. W. Fairbridge Encycl. Geomorphol. 741/1 The explanation of sapping appears to be found in rending and disintegration of rock by the freeze-and-thaw process.

2000 S. Connor Dumbstruck vi. 168 The violent rending of the devil's person effected by the power of the relics.

b. An act or instance of this.

ΚΠ

1583 W. Fulke Def. Transl. Script. iv. 136 Your vulgar Latine translatour is bolde to saye Scissuras, cuttings or rendings, where you are bold to goe from your Latine texte and call them schismes.

1651 R. Baxter Plain Script. Proof Infants Church-membership & Baptism 151 The vilest Heresies and rendings of the Church.

1678 R. McWard Poor Man's Cup Cold-water 22 Were the rendings of the Cauls of our hearts heard also in heaven?

1727 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Oeconomique (Dublin ed.) at Arsenick It causes great Pains, Rendings,..violent Vomitings.

1774 H. Brooke Juliet Grenville (Dublin ed.) II. 71 My soul lay extended on the rack of its former rendings.

1847 Amer. Jrnl. Sci. 53 187 The formation of the Appalachians was attended by rendings and emissions of heat on a vast scale.

1875 F. W. H. Myers Poems 91 Where wilt thou find a riving or a rending?

1928 V. Woolf Orlando ii. 96 He tore, in one rending, the scrolloping emblazoned scroll.

1995 New Yorker 27 Mar. 75/2 Their subjects—the moral condition, the fatal rendings between love, duty, and power—nodded to Soviet ideology.

2. A torn piece or fragment. rare.In quot. 1859 figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun] > a separate part > a fragment > torn off

cloutc1325

rug?a1505

avulsion1678

scrid1815

rending1859

tearing1891

1859 I. Taylor Logic in Theol. 234 Men who..bring with them bits and rendings of their academic whims.

1906 A. S. Way tr. Aeschylus Persians in Aeschylus in Eng. Verse I. 89 The rendings of his rich attire In tattered shreds about his body hang.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

rendingadj.

Brit.

/ˈrɛndɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈrɛndɪŋ/

Forms: see rend v.¹ and -ing suffix².

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rend v.¹, -ing suffix².

Etymology: < rend v.¹ + -ing suffix².

1. That tears or lacerates; (in later use esp.) that causes great emotional pain.In quot. ?c1400: tearing at one's face in grief.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > mental anguish or torment > cause of mental anguish or torment > [adjective]

anguishous?c1225

wounding?c1225

asperc1374

derflya1400

rending?c1400

furiousc1405

fretting1413

piercingc1450

anguish1477

piquant1521

anguishing?1566

plaguing1566

asperous?1567

agonizing1570

tormenting1575

wringing1576

cutting1582

tormentous1583

tormentful1596

tormentuous1597

racking1598

torturous1600

lacerating1609

torturing1611

tearinga1616

heart-aching1620

breast-rending1625

crucifying1648

tormentative1654

martyring?a1656

tormentive1655

discruciating1658

cruciatory1660

anguishful1685

brain-racking1708

probing1749

agonized1793

anguished1803

harrowing1810

vulnerary1821

grinding1869

torturesome1889

wrenching1889

tortuous1922

the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > types of pain > [adjective] > relating to agony or torment > causing agony or torment

sharpc1000

grievousc1290

smartc1300

fellc1330

unsufferablea1340

keena1375

poignantc1390

rending?c1400

furiousc1405

stoutc1425

unbearablec1449

agonizing1570

tormenting1575

cruciable1578

raging1590

tormentuous1597

pungent1598

racking1598

acute1615

wrenching1618

excruciating1664

grinding1681

excruciate1773

discruciating1788

unendurable1801

of bare sufferance1823

perialgic1893

?c1400 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (BL Add. 10340) (1868) i. met. i. l. 3 Rendyng muses [L. lacerae..carmenae] of poetes enditen to me þinges to be writen.

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. xi. 158 But stinges and sharpest steele did far exceed The sharpnesse of his cruel rending clawes.

1683 T. Tryon Way to Health 402 Being of a terrible, rending, tearing, devilish, fierce Nature.

1693 T. Urquhart & P. A. Motteux tr. F. Rabelais 3rd Bk. Wks. xxxii. 270 Their stinging Acrimony, rending Nitrosity.

1770 H. Brooke Fool of Quality V. 111 He speaks peace to the storm of rending passions.

1842 H. E. Manning Serm. vii. 101 We have no rending choice to make.

1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VI. 47 It [sc. anginal pain] may be most acute and agonizing, of a rending character.

1922 McClure's July 71/2 She saw nothing but the..soft little throat marred by the hideous scrawl of rending claws.

1942 T. S. Eliot Little Gidding ii. 11 The rending pain of re-enactment Of all that you have done, and been.

1970 Mosaic (Winnipeg) 3 No. 3. 2 Each has eroded before its trenchant share and rending coulter, and the wilderness become field and lawn.

1999 Dance Nov. 57/1 The parting pas de deux in Juliet's bedroom and the dance with her unconscious body in the tomb went beyond dance into rending anguish.

2. That is splitting apart or breaking up. Chiefly in rending veil in later use. Now rare.With reference to rending veil see, for example, Matthew 27:51: ‘And, behold, the veil of the temple was rent in twain from the top to the bottom; and the earth did quake, and the rocks rent’.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > tearing or tearing apart > [adjective]

rivinga1400

renting1561

ripping1576

splitting1609

divulsivea1626

rending1660

shredding1883

1660 S. Pordage tr. Seneca Troades ii. i. 8 When on a sodain th'Earth shoke, a hollow sound Flew from the bottome of the rending ground.

1718 N. Rowe tr. Lucan Pharsalia i. 289 Darts the swift Lightning from the rending cloud.

1766 J. Beattie Elegy Death Lady in Poems Several Subj. 82 O happy stroke, that..Darts through the rending gloom the blaze of day.

1827 H. H. Millman in R. Heber Hymns Weekly Church Service 62 By the sun at noon-day pale, Shivering rocks, and rending veil.

1887 S. Bristol Pioneer Preacher ix. 109 What means that rending veil? What the sun's veiled face? What the rending rocks and earthquake?

1903 F. B. Bradley-Birt Chota Nagpore xi. 255 The sharp cessation of all noise within, typical of the rending veil of life.

3. Of a sound: loud and piercing. Also in extended use.In early use chiefly with reference to the sound of the trumpet heralding the Last Judgement.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > loudness > [adjective]

loud971

stithc1000

strongOE

greata1375

stiff1377

wrastc1400

boistousc1430

stourc1440

big1549

routing1567

thundering?1576

full-mouthed1594

thunderous1606

tonitruous1606

thundery1608

trump-like1609

full-mouth1624

voluminousa1635

rousing1640

altisonous1661

lusty1672

tonitrual1693

rending1719

trumpet-like1814

foudroyant1840

clarion1842

trumpeting1850

trumpet-toned1851

loudish1860

tonitruant1861

tonant1891

thunderful1898

high1923

wham-bam1960

1719 W. Bond Descr. Four Last Things 39 The rending Sound of Arch-angelick Trump.

1773 Good-Friday xxix. 19 When the last Trumpet's rending Sound Shall wake all Nations to the Bar.

1808 Philos. Mag. 30 239 After the last explosion, a rending noise like that of a whirlwind passed along to the east of his house and immediately over his orchard.

1840 R. H. Dana Two Years before Mast xxxii. 120 With a creaking and rending sound.

1845 P. J. Bailey Festus (ed. 2) 74 The world shall stand still with a rending jar.

1920 J. Dos Passos One Man's Initiation v. 49 A whistle split the air, followed by a rending snort that tailed off into the moaning of a wounded man.

1941 J. Agee & W. Evans Let us now praise Famous Men i. iii. 86 Casually, and with rending triumph, the signal is delivered on the dusk: the sure wild glittering yell of a rooster.

1996 P. Richmond My Father's War ii. 100 The wind roared in from the Bismarck Sea at hurricane velocity, bringing down giant trees with rending, splintering crashes.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	rending
释义	rendingn. Brit. /ˈrɛndɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈrɛndɪŋ/ Forms: see rend v.¹ and -ing suffix¹. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rend v.¹, -ing suffix¹. Etymology: < rend v.¹ + -ing suffix¹. 1. a. The action of rend v.¹ Also with adverbs, esp. asunder. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > tearing or tearing apart > [noun] tatteringc1380 rendinga1398 rifta1400 rentingc1405 ripping1463 direption1483 outriving1488 dilaceration1545 raving1553 dilaniation1569 divulsion1603 discission1628 discerption1645 tear1666 rent1753 shredding1954 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 161 Whan he knowes þat he is..with ynne þe fysshers ponge he..bigynneþ to make him awaie with brekyng and rendyng of ȝerdes. c1415 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Corpus Oxf.) (1868) l. 2834 Whan Ector was brought al fressh y-slayn To Troye allas the pite þat was þere Cracching of cheekes rendyng eek of here. Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 429 Rendynge a-sundry, laceracio. 1569 A. Golding tr. N. Hemmingsen Postill (new ed.) f. 340 ^v Hee stirreth vp too the intente hee may leaue nothing vnattempted, which by any meanes may make eyther too the ouerthrow or too the rending of the churche in peeces. 1635 J. Swan Speculum Mundi v. §2. 123 A noise like to the rending of broad cloth. 1654 J. Howell in S. Lennard tr. S. Mazzella Parthenopoeia To Rdr. sig. A3^v The rending away of the county of Rossillon, hath given so shrewd a check to the Spanish Monarchy. 1693 T. Urquhart & P. A. Motteux tr. F. Rabelais 3rd Bk. Wks. xlviii. 393 Direption, tearing and rending asunder of their Joynts. 1751 G. Lavington Enthusiasm Methodists & Papists: Pt. III 286 'Tis an Eradication, or rending of the Soul. 1813 R. Bakewell Introd. Geol. viii. 189 Virgil has represented the rending of rocks as one of the common effects of lightning. 1863 A. P. Stanley Lect. Jewish Church I. v. 110 The rending asunder of the veil which overhung the temple. 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VI. 370 The rending or otherwise yielding of the coats of the vessel was accompanied by severe pain. 1930 J. Buchan Castle Gay i. 20 The table collapsed,..and the rending of timber and the recriminations of journalists were added to the apocalyptic din. 1946 C. Fry Firstborn iii. i. 85 Can you hear it, the noise, The rending apart and shuddering-to of wings? 1968 R. W. Fairbridge Encycl. Geomorphol. 741/1 The explanation of sapping appears to be found in rending and disintegration of rock by the freeze-and-thaw process. 2000 S. Connor Dumbstruck vi. 168 The violent rending of the devil's person effected by the power of the relics. b. An act or instance of this. ΚΠ 1583 W. Fulke Def. Transl. Script. iv. 136 Your vulgar Latine translatour is bolde to saye Scissuras, cuttings or rendings, where you are bold to goe from your Latine texte and call them schismes. 1651 R. Baxter Plain Script. Proof Infants Church-membership & Baptism 151 The vilest Heresies and rendings of the Church. 1678 R. McWard Poor Man's Cup Cold-water 22 Were the rendings of the Cauls of our hearts heard also in heaven? 1727 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Oeconomique (Dublin ed.) at Arsenick It causes great Pains, Rendings,..violent Vomitings. 1774 H. Brooke Juliet Grenville (Dublin ed.) II. 71 My soul lay extended on the rack of its former rendings. 1847 Amer. Jrnl. Sci. 53 187 The formation of the Appalachians was attended by rendings and emissions of heat on a vast scale. 1875 F. W. H. Myers Poems 91 Where wilt thou find a riving or a rending? 1928 V. Woolf Orlando ii. 96 He tore, in one rending, the scrolloping emblazoned scroll. 1995 New Yorker 27 Mar. 75/2 Their subjects—the moral condition, the fatal rendings between love, duty, and power—nodded to Soviet ideology. 2. A torn piece or fragment. rare.In quot. 1859 figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun] > a separate part > a fragment > torn off cloutc1325 rug?a1505 avulsion1678 scrid1815 rending1859 tearing1891 1859 I. Taylor Logic in Theol. 234 Men who..bring with them bits and rendings of their academic whims. 1906 A. S. Way tr. Aeschylus Persians in Aeschylus in Eng. Verse I. 89 The rendings of his rich attire In tattered shreds about his body hang. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). rendingadj. Brit. /ˈrɛndɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈrɛndɪŋ/ Forms: see rend v.¹ and -ing suffix². Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rend v.¹, -ing suffix². Etymology: < rend v.¹ + -ing suffix². 1. That tears or lacerates; (in later use esp.) that causes great emotional pain.In quot. ?c1400: tearing at one's face in grief. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > mental anguish or torment > cause of mental anguish or torment > [adjective] anguishous?c1225 wounding?c1225 asperc1374 derflya1400 rending?c1400 furiousc1405 fretting1413 piercingc1450 anguish1477 piquant1521 anguishing?1566 plaguing1566 asperous?1567 agonizing1570 tormenting1575 wringing1576 cutting1582 tormentous1583 tormentful1596 tormentuous1597 racking1598 torturous1600 lacerating1609 torturing1611 tearinga1616 heart-aching1620 breast-rending1625 crucifying1648 tormentative1654 martyring?a1656 tormentive1655 discruciating1658 cruciatory1660 anguishful1685 brain-racking1708 probing1749 agonized1793 anguished1803 harrowing1810 vulnerary1821 grinding1869 torturesome1889 wrenching1889 tortuous1922 the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > types of pain > [adjective] > relating to agony or torment > causing agony or torment sharpc1000 grievousc1290 smartc1300 fellc1330 unsufferablea1340 keena1375 poignantc1390 rending?c1400 furiousc1405 stoutc1425 unbearablec1449 agonizing1570 tormenting1575 cruciable1578 raging1590 tormentuous1597 pungent1598 racking1598 acute1615 wrenching1618 excruciating1664 grinding1681 excruciate1773 discruciating1788 unendurable1801 of bare sufferance1823 perialgic1893 ?c1400 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (BL Add. 10340) (1868) i. met. i. l. 3 Rendyng muses [L. lacerae..carmenae] of poetes enditen to me þinges to be writen. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. xi. 158 But stinges and sharpest steele did far exceed The sharpnesse of his cruel rending clawes. 1683 T. Tryon Way to Health 402 Being of a terrible, rending, tearing, devilish, fierce Nature. 1693 T. Urquhart & P. A. Motteux tr. F. Rabelais 3rd Bk. Wks. xxxii. 270 Their stinging Acrimony, rending Nitrosity. 1770 H. Brooke Fool of Quality V. 111 He speaks peace to the storm of rending passions. 1842 H. E. Manning Serm. vii. 101 We have no rending choice to make. 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VI. 47 It [sc. anginal pain] may be most acute and agonizing, of a rending character. 1922 McClure's July 71/2 She saw nothing but the..soft little throat marred by the hideous scrawl of rending claws. 1942 T. S. Eliot Little Gidding ii. 11 The rending pain of re-enactment Of all that you have done, and been. 1970 Mosaic (Winnipeg) 3 No. 3. 2 Each has eroded before its trenchant share and rending coulter, and the wilderness become field and lawn. 1999 Dance Nov. 57/1 The parting pas de deux in Juliet's bedroom and the dance with her unconscious body in the tomb went beyond dance into rending anguish. 2. That is splitting apart or breaking up. Chiefly in rending veil in later use. Now rare.With reference to rending veil see, for example, Matthew 27:51: ‘And, behold, the veil of the temple was rent in twain from the top to the bottom; and the earth did quake, and the rocks rent’. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > tearing or tearing apart > [adjective] rivinga1400 renting1561 ripping1576 splitting1609 divulsivea1626 rending1660 shredding1883 1660 S. Pordage tr. Seneca Troades ii. i. 8 When on a sodain th'Earth shoke, a hollow sound Flew from the bottome of the rending ground. 1718 N. Rowe tr. Lucan Pharsalia i. 289 Darts the swift Lightning from the rending cloud. 1766 J. Beattie Elegy Death Lady in Poems Several Subj. 82 O happy stroke, that..Darts through the rending gloom the blaze of day. 1827 H. H. Millman in R. Heber Hymns Weekly Church Service 62 By the sun at noon-day pale, Shivering rocks, and rending veil. 1887 S. Bristol Pioneer Preacher ix. 109 What means that rending veil? What the sun's veiled face? What the rending rocks and earthquake? 1903 F. B. Bradley-Birt Chota Nagpore xi. 255 The sharp cessation of all noise within, typical of the rending veil of life. 3. Of a sound: loud and piercing. Also in extended use.In early use chiefly with reference to the sound of the trumpet heralding the Last Judgement. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > loudness > [adjective] loud971 stithc1000 strongOE greata1375 stiff1377 wrastc1400 boistousc1430 stourc1440 big1549 routing1567 thundering?1576 full-mouthed1594 thunderous1606 tonitruous1606 thundery1608 trump-like1609 full-mouth1624 voluminousa1635 rousing1640 altisonous1661 lusty1672 tonitrual1693 rending1719 trumpet-like1814 foudroyant1840 clarion1842 trumpeting1850 trumpet-toned1851 loudish1860 tonitruant1861 tonant1891 thunderful1898 high1923 wham-bam1960 1719 W. Bond Descr. Four Last Things 39 The rending Sound of Arch-angelick Trump. 1773 Good-Friday xxix. 19 When the last Trumpet's rending Sound Shall wake all Nations to the Bar. 1808 Philos. Mag. 30 239 After the last explosion, a rending noise like that of a whirlwind passed along to the east of his house and immediately over his orchard. 1840 R. H. Dana Two Years before Mast xxxii. 120 With a creaking and rending sound. 1845 P. J. Bailey Festus (ed. 2) 74 The world shall stand still with a rending jar. 1920 J. Dos Passos One Man's Initiation v. 49 A whistle split the air, followed by a rending snort that tailed off into the moaning of a wounded man. 1941 J. Agee & W. Evans Let us now praise Famous Men i. iii. 86 Casually, and with rending triumph, the signal is delivered on the dusk: the sure wild glittering yell of a rooster. 1996 P. Richmond My Father's War ii. 100 The wind roared in from the Bismarck Sea at hurricane velocity, bringing down giant trees with rending, splintering crashes. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1398adj.?c1400
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